Objective To survey the semen quality of healthy adult men in the Liaoning area.Methods We included 400 male volunteers of different ages who underwent a premarital examination and reproductive health checkup in 2015 for semen sample collection.The inclusion criteria were as follows:men who underwent unified semen analysis,those who answered the questionnaire for analysis of overall semen quality,and those who were aged 18-25,26-30,and 31-40 years.Results Among the 400 male volunteers,the consistent standard rate only reached 40.5％ according to the World Health Organization-specified reference values for testicular volume,semen volume,semen concentration,total energy,forward movement,livability,normal appearance,pH,liquefaction time,DNA fragmentation index,and high DNA staining index.The differences between the three groups were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The results of the 18-to 25-year age group were better than those of the other groups.Conclusion Healthy adults' semen quality in the Liaoning area has declined in recent years;therefore,male reproductive health education should be seriously considered.

Analysis and summarize the causes and principles of the cases of tracheal tube rupture. Report one case of adult tracheal tube rupture. Review the past literature content and combine with our experience. Comprehend the clinical manifestations and treatment of tracheal tube rupture is very important for prevention.
Adult ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Rupture ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Trachea ; injuries

OBJECTIVE:To study the classification of deviation in drug production. METHODS:From the perspective of dom-inant and hidden deviation,combining with the theory of risk management,risk of deviation was evaluated with different risk man-agement tools to define the severity of the deviation,and it was handled by different methods. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Ac-cording to the identifiability of deviation in actual management,the deviation was divided into dominance and hidden deviation. The dominant deviation can be divided into deep and shallow level. Whether the causes of deviation could be cleared and the conse-quences could be estimates were judged after the shallow level classification,and the deviation was further divided into simple and complex deviation. As for deviation complex,it could be evaluated with the tools of risk management to define the deviation severi-ty. As for hidden deviation,it needed beforehand preventing with the tools of risk management directly to define deviation levels and provide reference for preventive measures. In the process of deviation management,key point is to relay on the scientific meth-od to identify and classify deviation,and divide the influence levels. Combining the theory of risk management to select and use risk tools is the effective way to solve the problem.

Objective To study the distribution of variable number tande repeat(VNTR) polymorphisms of the platelet membrane glycoprotein Ⅰ b? in Han nationality at Harbin and the relationship between these polymorpbisms and cerebral infarction(CI).Methods The identification of alleles and genotypes of VNTR polymorphism of the glycoprotein Ⅰ b? gene was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)in 200 healthy individuls and 200 CI patients(77 lacunar infarction patients and 123 atherosclerotic thrombotic infarction patients),to analyze The relationship between gene polymorphisms and cerebral infarction.Results(1)There were three types of alleles:B、C、D,and five types genotypes:BC,BD,CC, CD,DD in Harbin Han nationality.No person with A allele and BB genotype was found.(2)No statistically significant differences of GP Ⅰ b? gene VNTR polymorphism was found between CI patients or subtype CI patients and controls(P=0.412 and 0.572,respectively).Conclusions(1)This study indicates that the C and D alleles of VNTR polymorphisms of GP Ⅰ b? are the main alleles while the CC and CD genotypes are the main genotypes in Harbin Han people.(2)Our findings indicate that no association exists between the VNTR polymorphism of platelet GP Ⅰ b? gene and CI.

Euphorbia kansui (EK) is a toxic herbal drug, and often used after vinegar-processing to reduce its toxicity. In present study, a 1H-NMR based metabonomic approach was used to evaluate the detoxification effect of vinegar-processed EK. The water extracts of EK and VEK were administered orally to male SD rats at doses of 9 g x kg(-1) x d(-1) for 1 week, respectively, and one more week observation was further conducted. The control group was orally given with saline. Histopathological studies of liver samples on the 8th and 15th day were conducted, and the metabolites of rat urine and liver were analysed by 1H-NMR. Histopathological studies of liver samples from EK and VEK treated rats showed no negative impacts. In metabonomic analyses of urines, changes of metabolites indicated liver damages, kidney lesions and imbalance of gut microbes in the second week. VEK-treated rats showed a quite lower toxicity compared with EK-treated ones. The present study revealed that the metabonomic approach might be helpful for the evaluation of toxicity of EK and detoxic effect of VEK.
Acetic Acid ; chemistry ; Animals ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; toxicity ; Euphorbia ; chemistry ; Inactivation, Metabolic ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Male ; Metabolomics ; methods ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Urinalysis

Objective To investigate the thermal effects on tissue structures during microwave endometrial ablation(MEA)and seek a feasible method of endometrial thinning and a fitting mode of applicator radiating microwaves.Methods Operations were performed between the group of thorough uterine curettage and the group of early follicular phase in in vitro or in vivo uterus.The former was treated with MEA after thorough uterine curettage;while the latter was treated with MEA in the early follicular phase directly.The applicator radiating microwaves were moved in "Z" or "Z+W" shape inside uterine cavity.At the same time the serosal temperature was measured in the uterine fundus,tael cornua uteri,the posterior wall and the lower part of anterior wall.After operations the uterine specimens were stained by hematoxylin- eosin,and respiratory enzyme dehydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase(NADH-d) methods.The morphologic changes and the depth of tissue thermal damage were evaluated using an optical microscope and electron microscope.Results(1)Under the optical microscope the endometrial glands became distorted,the cell boundaries disappeared,the nucleoli turned condensed and were stained darker. A large number of acute inflammatory cells appeared in fibrous tissue.In the shallow muscle layer cells were arrayed thickly,nucleoli were solidified and condensed,and cellular plasm were concentrated.The endometrial and the superficial muscle layers were damaged and colorless with NADH-d staining.The scope of the tissue thermal damage was clearly seen.Under an electron microscope,some smooth muscle ceils, chromatin,karyotheca and cellular membranes were destroyed.The mitochondria were swollen,membranes were ruptured,and the crista disappeared.Many organelles were destroyed.The chromatin was lightly wrecked in the transitional area between putrescence and the normal smooth muscle tissue.Karyotheca and cellular plasm still existed,the mitochondria were highly edematous and the crista were disappeared,and the granular endoplasmic reticula were slightly expanded and degranulated.(2)The serosal temperature in in vitro uterus was significantly higher than that in in vivo uterus(P0.05).The injury depth of the "Z+ W" radiation group increased significantly than that of the " Z" radiation group(P

Objective To investigate the effect of moderate pain on attentional bias towards emotional pictures among healthy subjects.Methods Thirty-two healthy college students aged from 17 to 26 (21.8±2.2;16 males and 16 females) participated in this study.A tourniquet was tied to each subject's left upper arm 1 to 2cm above the cubits horizontal grain.Pain was inflicted by inflating the tourniquet,and the pressure was maintained at 26.66kPa.While tourniquet was inflated (with pain) or not (no pain),each subject was asked to finish a pictorial dot-probe task with three kinds of pictures-emotionally positive,negative and neutral.In experiment 1,subjects performed the dot-probe tasks with the contralateral hand while the tourniquet was tied on the left upper arm without inflation.In experiment 2 the tourniquet was inflated until the subject completed the dot-probe task (for about 10min).The reaction times (RTs) and the error rates (Ers) in the recognition task were recorded,and the intensity of the subject's pain and discomfort were measured using a verbal rating scale.Results The subjects reported moderate to severe pain with the tourniquet inflated.The RT and ER data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) which showed a significant difference between the average RTs of the males (482±73ms without pain and 466±82ms with pain) and those of the females (536±90ms without pain and 519±100 ms with pain).The average ER was significantly different between the pain (2.38±1.49)％ and no pain (1.09±0.82)％ conditions in both groups.Holn-Sidak multiple comparison testing showed significant differences in both groups' average ER between the negative picture (3.81±1.73)％ and the positive picture (1.66±0.97)％,and between the negative and neutral pictures (1.68±0.8) ％ in the pain condition.Mild attentional avoidance was observed with the positive [pain condition (-5.1±4.8) ms and no pain (-4.6±4)ms] and negative pictures [pain condition (-3.43±6) ms and no pain (-0.79±4.1)ms],but no significant difference was found between the pain and no pain conditions.Conclusion The error rate in a pictorial dot-probe task is influenced by pain,especially with negative pictures.

Objective To introduce our experiences of reconstruct the first web space using flaps.Methods One hundred and twelve patients sustained contracture of the first, summarized the indications of different flaps in coverage of the first webspace and their prognosis of these flaps were retrospectively reviewed.Results The local flaps, such as double Z-plasty or Z-plasty, were suitable to cover minor contracture of the first webspace; the dorsal flap arising from the index finger was suitable for the coverage of the medium contracture, and the posterior interosseous artery flap or the reverse antebrachial island flap based on the dorsal branch of the anterior interosseous artery suitable for the severe cases. Conclusion The usage of flaps is important to resume the cosmetic shape and function of the first webspace after release of the contracture of the first webspace.

To prepare ginseng saponin Compound K with ultrasound-assisted total zymolytic ginseng saponins. The conversion rate was taken as the index to detect the pre-treatment factors such as ultrasonic power and ultrasonic time, as well as the impact of enzymatic factors, such as pH value, temperature, concentration of substrate, dosage of enzyme and reaction time, on the conversion rate. The response surface method was used to optimize the preparation conditions. The enzymolytic products were identified with MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. The results showed that the optimum conditions of the ultrasound-assisted enzymolysis were 250 W for ultrasonic power, 15 min for ultrasonic time, 5.5 for enzymolytic pH, 50 degrees C for enzymolytic temperature, 36 h for enzymolytic time, 4:5 for enzymolytic dosage: substrate and 1.0 g x L(-1) for concentration of substrate. The relative molecular mass of reaction products was 622.4. Therefore, the nuclear magnetic map verified that the reaction product was rare ginseng saponin Compound K. Under the above conditions, based on the total zymolytic ginseng saponins, the conversion rate of rare ginseng saponin Compound K was 6.91% in proportion to the total of ginsenosides. The process features gentle reaction conditions, high conversion rate and simple and reliable process, which is suitable for industrial production.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Enzymes ; chemistry ; Panax ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Saponins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Ultrasonics ; methods

Aged ; CD5 Antigens ; metabolism ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14 ; Cyclin D1 ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Follicular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Pseudolymphoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Translocation, Genetic