OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Jinlida on changes in expression of skeletal muscle lipid transport enzymes in fat-induced insulin resistance ApoE -/- mice.

METHODEight male C57BL/6J mice were selected in the normal group (NF), 40 male ApoE -/- mice were fed for 16 weeks, divided into the model group (HF), the rosiglitazone group ( LGLT), the Jinlida low-dose group (JLDL), the Jinlida medium-dose group (JLDM), the Jinlida high-dose group (JLDH) and then orally given drugs for 8 weeks. The organization free fatty acids, BCA protein concentration determination methods were used to determine the skeletal muscle FFA content. The Real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription PCR ( RT-PCR) and Western blot method were adopted to determine mRNA and protein expressions of mice fatty acids transposition enzyme (FAT/CD36), carnitine palm acyltransferase 1 (CPT1), peroxide proliferators-activated receptor α( PPAR α).

RESULTJinlida could decrease fasting blood glucose (FBG), cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), free fatty acid (FFA) and fasting insulin (FIns) and raise insulin sensitive index (ISI) in mice to varying degrees. It could also up-regulate mRNA and protein expressions of CPT1 and PPARα, and down-regulate mRNA and protein levels of FAT/CD36.

CONCLUSIONJinlida can improve fat-induced insulin resistance ApoE -/- in mice by adjusting the changes in expression of skeletal muscle lipid transport enzymes.

Animals ; Apolipoproteins E ; deficiency ; genetics ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; CD36 Antigens ; genetics ; metabolism ; Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Dietary Fats ; adverse effects ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Insulin ; metabolism ; Insulin Resistance ; Lipid Metabolism ; drug effects ; Male ; Metabolic Diseases ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Muscle, Skeletal ; drug effects ; metabolism

The study found that the presence of intestinal microbiota is not only important for the metabolism of essential nutrients in the body, but also plays a key role in the development of the body′s immune system in recent years. Partial microbiota, through natural selection and co-evolution with the host, forms symbiotic relationships with host microbes that are inseparable from host physiology in mice. Symbiotic flora affects the formation of the body′s immune system by affecting innate and adaptive immunity and the development of various regulatory mechanisms. The destruction of the microbial ecosystem in the intestine can lead to the occurrence of many diseases,especially those related to the immune system. Peripheral immune organs always receive a number of immune cells colonized by antigen stimulation. So,the intestinal flora plays an important role in maintaining the function of immune cells. This article will investigates the effects of mouse-related intestinal flora on peripheral immune organ function.

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study is to investigate the osteogenic potential and possibility of combination application of mimetic osteoinductive periosteum with tissue-engineered bone.

METHODSThe three-dimensional construction of tissue-engineered bone was made by implantation of adipose derived stromal cells (ADSCs) into rhBMP-2 mediated bio-derived carrier, and mimetic periosteum was constructed by loading ADSCs into Cs-Col-beta3-TCP with rhBMP-2. 10 mm defects of right radiuses were established in adult New Zealand rabbits, group A was transplanted by tissue-engineered bone with mimetic periosteum, group B was implanted by tissue-engineered bone, and group C was implanted by mimetic periosteum, group D was transplanted by bio-derived compound bone as blank scaffold. X-ray, histology, immunohistochemistry stain, dural energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examinations were performed at different periods.

RESULTSGroup A played a predominant role in process of new tissue regeneration and mature bone reconstitution, defect completely healed at 12 weeks. Group B showed primary repair, group C also existed in modeling stage. While, group D displayed retard regeneration with poor osteogenic capacity. DEXA result showed that group A had statistical significance over control group according to data of BMC and BMD ( P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSEnhanced osteogenic potential can be obtained by using tissue-engineered bone with mimetic osteoinductive periosteum. Defect can be healed with concord pattern of osteoinductive and osteopromotive and osteoconductive effects.

Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; Bone Regeneration ; Bone Substitutes ; Male ; Periosteum ; Rabbits ; Radius ; pathology ; surgery ; Tissue Engineering ; methods

Objective To explore the effect of iodine excess on bone metabolism in experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT) rats. Methods We selected 36 female Lewis rats with body weight of (131 ± 15)g,and divided them into 3 groups randomly: control group, EAT group and EAT + high iodine group, assuring 12 rats in every group. These rats were fed fodder with different concentration of iodine(0.9,0.9, 18.0 mg/kg), and rats in EAT group and EAT + high iodine group were immunized with pig thyroglobulin(pTG) and complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA) to create EAT model. After two weeks, the pathological changes of the thyroid tissues were observed,and the serum thyroid autoantibody[thyroglobulin antibody(TGAb) and thyroid microsomal antibody(TMAb)], the thyroid hormone levels[triiodo thyronine(T3) and thyrine(T4)] and some relevant data of bone metabolism[bone gla protein (BGP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), C-terminal propeptide of type Ⅰ procollagen (PICP),C-terminal telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen (ICTP), insulin-like growth factor- 1 ( IGF- 1 ), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)] were measured. Results Inflammatory cell infiltration and local follicular structural damage were observed in the thyroid tissues of EAT rats in EAT group and EAT + high iodine group, and the pathological changes of EAT + high iodine group were mainly thyroid follicular expansion and integration. The level of serum TGAb, TMAb, T3 and T4 of EAT rats in EAT group and EAT + high iodine group[ (63.01 ± 12.36)%, (60.62 ± 11.24)%, (3.78 ± 1.43), (125.12 ± 16.00)pmol/L and (75.00 ± 15.44)%,(72.15 ± 15.00)%, (3.69 ± 0.91 ), (149.40 ± 20.67)pmol/L] were higher than those of the control group[ (4.47 ±1.04)%, (5.73 ± 1.01 )%, (0.75 ± 0.12), (76.91 ± 9.30)pmol/L, all P ＜ 0.05], and the level of serum TGAb,TMAb and T4 of EAT rats in EAT + high iodine group were higher than those of the EAT group(all P ＜ 0.05).The level of serum BGP, PICP and IGF- 1 in EAT group[ ( 1.70 ± 0.31 ), ( 11.31 ± 1.52) μg/L, (0.31 ± 0.06 ) mg/L]were lower than those of the control group[ (8.60 ± 0.33), (14.28 ± 3.10)μg/L, (1.16 ± 0.02)mg/L, all P ＜0.05], and the level of serum TRAP, ICTP, OPG and RANKL[ ( 19.88 ± 3.60)ng/L, (2.43 ± 0.82), (22.36 ± 2.80),( 1.35 ± 0.23 )μg/L] were higher than those of the control group[ ( 14.57 ± 3.56)ng/L, (0.50 ± 0.20), (1.61 ± 0.34),(0.10 ± 0.02)μg/L, all P ＜ 0.05]; compared with EAT group, the level of PCIP and OPG in EAT + high iodine group [ (8.03 ± 1.84), ( 16.80 ± 3.79)μg/L] were obviously decreased(all P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions The reinforcement of differentiation and maturation of osteoblast in the EAT rats results in the increasing of bone resorption. The activity of osteoblast and osteoclast of the EAT rats are inhibited by excessive iodine, showing a low conversion-type osteoporosis.

OBJECTIVETo improve early diagnosis rate and reduce the incidence rate of colorectal cancer, through the application of optimized sequential screening scheme for colorectal neoplasm in general population.

METHODSQuantitative risk assessment by questionnaires survey and fecal occult blood test (FOBT) were used to proceed preliminary screening among people aged 40 to 74. Electronic colonoscopy was applied to examine the whole colon and rectum among identified high-risk subjects. The detected cases received treatment for colorectal cancer, adenomatous polyps or non-adenomatous polyps. The early diagnosis rate and incidence rate of colorectal cancer were evaluated and compared with those before screening.

RESULTWith application of optimized sequential screening schemes, various types of colorectal lesions were detected in 1 117 subjects, including 69 cases of colorectal cancer, 701 cases of colorectal adenoma and 211 cases of advanced adenoma. The early diagnosis rate of colorectal cancer was increased by 58.19%, and its incidence rate also decreased significantly.

CONCLUSIONThe optimized sequential screening scheme is simple, economical, efficient in colorectal cancer screening of general population.

Adult ; Aged ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mass Screening ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Occult Blood ; Risk Assessment ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Using of two-step integrating technology, transducted the H and L chain gene of humanized Fab fragment of anti-HB-sAg antibody into the genome of methylotropic yeast P. pastoris. Constructed a engineering yeast to produce humanized Fab fragment of the anti-HBsAg antibody. The Fab fragment was efficiently secreted into the medium at a concentration of 50-80 mg/L. The Fab fragment was purified from culturing supernatant of the recombinant yeas by affinity chromatography. The ELISA analysis showed the high affinity of the expressed humanized Fab fragment to the HBsAg.
Chromatography, Affinity ; Cloning, Molecular ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Pichia ; genetics ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo compare the age-specific detection rates of colorectal neoplasms by colonoscopic screening among high-risk population in rural area and to provide evidence for determining the initial age in the colorectal cancer screening.

METHODSThe age-specific detection rates of colorectal cancers and adenomas, and the proportion of detected cases in each age group after screening by the optimized sequential colorectal cancer screening program in Jiashan County, Zhejiang Province, were analyzed.

RESULTSMass screening with the optimized sequential colorectal cancer screening program in Jiashan was conducted and 8867 colonoscopic examinations were performed. A total of 1811 individuals with at least one colorectal neoplastic lesion were found. Among them, there were 92 (1.04%) colorectal cancer patients, 1164 (13.13%) patients with at least one adenoma and 377 (4.25%) patients with at least one advanced adenoma. The detection rate of colorectal neoplastic lesions for the age group 40 - 44 was considerably lower than that in the age group 45 - 49. Hypothetically, to increase the initial age to 45-years for the optimized sequential colorectal cancer screening program would yield a 7.84% increase in the detection rate of total colorectal neoplastic lesions, 13.46% increase in the detection rate of colorectal cancer, 8.76% increase in the detection rate of adenoma, 12.24% increase in the detection rate of advanced adenoma and 19.64% lower in the cost of initial screening, 13.30% lower in the cost of colonoscopic screening.

CONCLUSIONSAmong the high-risk population aged 40 to 74, the detection rates of colorectal cancer and adenoma are increasing with the increase of age, the detection rates of colorectal cancer and adenoma as well as proportion of detected cases in the 40 - 44 age group are considerably lower. To increase the initial age to 45 for colorectal cancer screening in rural area of China is reasonable.

Adenoma ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Carcinoma ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; pathology ; China ; epidemiology ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Colonic Polyps ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Mass Screening ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Risk ; Rural Population ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVETo access the association of xeroderma pigmentosum group C (XPC) Lys939Gln (A/C) and Ala499Val (C/T) polymorphisms with breast cancer risk in a Chinese Han population.

METHODS173 patients with breast cancer and 171 matched controls in terms of habitation and age (±5 years) were included in this population-based case-control study. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was employed to genotyping the Lys939Gln and Ala499Val polymorphisms. Associations of genotypes of Lys939Gln and Ala499Val with breast cancer risk were evaluated using unconditional logistic regression model. Associations between XPC haplotypes and breast cancer risk were estimated by Haplo. Stats package.

RESULTNo significant associations were observed both in individual SNPs and haplotype analyses. However, there was a significant interaction between XPC Lys939Gln polymorphism and menopausal status (P=0.032).

CONCLUSIONThe XPC Lys939Gln polymorphism may modulate breast cancer susceptibility jointly with the menopausal status.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Breast Neoplasms ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Menopause ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Risk ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDThe dilemma of pathogens identification in patients with unidentified clinical symptoms such as fever of unknown origin exists, which not only poses a challenge to both the diagnostic and therapeutic process by itself, but also to expert physicians.

METHODSIn this report, we have attempted to increase the awareness of unidentified pathogens by developing a method to investigate hitherto unidentified infectious pathogens based on unbiased high-throughput sequencing.

RESULTSOur observations show that this method supplements current diagnostic technology that predominantly relies on information derived five cases from the intensive care unit. This methodological approach detects viruses and corrects the incidence of false positive detection rates of pathogens in a much shorter period. Through our method is followed by polymerase chain reaction validation, we could identify infection with Epstein-Barr virus, and in another case, we could identify infection with Streptococcus viridians based on the culture, which was false positive.

CONCLUSIONSThis technology is a promising approach to revolutionize rapid diagnosis of infectious pathogens and to guide therapy that might result in the improvement of personalized medicine.

Female ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Viridans Streptococci ; genetics ; isolation & purification

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs4379368, rs10504861, rs10915437, rs12134493 and rs13208321) were recently identified in a Western population with migraine. These migraine-associated SNPs have not been evaluated in a Han Chinese population. This study investigated the associations of specific SNPs with migraine in a Han population. METHODS: This was a case-control study of Han Chinese residing in Fujian Province. Polymerase chain reaction—restriction-fragment-length polymorphism analysis and direct sequencing were used to characterize the relationships of SNPs in a control group of 200 subjects and in a migraine group of 201 patients. RESULTS: The frequencies of the five SNPs did not differ between patients with migraine and healthy non migraine controls. However, subgroup analysis indicated certain SNPs were more strongly associated with migraine with aura or migraine without aura than with controls. The CT genotype of rs4379368 was more common in migraine patients with aura (75%) than in migraine patients without aura (47.9%) and controls (48.5%) (p<0.05), and the TT genotype of rs10504861 was more common in migraine patients with aura than in controls (8.3% vs. 0.5%) (p<0.05). Meanwhile, the CC genotype of rs12134493 was less common in migraine patients without aura than in controls (80.6% vs. 88%) (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the rs4379368 and rs10504861 SNPs are markers for susceptibility to migraine with aura and that rs12134493 is a marker for the risk of migraine without aura in this Han population. Future studies should further explore if these associations vary by ethnicity.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Case-Control Studies ; Epilepsy ; Genotype ; Humans ; Migraine Disorders* ; Migraine with Aura ; Migraine without Aura ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide