Objective Investigation of satisfaction of clinical nurses and analysis of the influence factors.Methods The ERG theory of Clayton Alderfer is used as the framework to design the questionnaires,for questionnaire investigation of 249 nurses in the hospital in a stratified sampling,Results The score of general satisfaction of nurses for their work is 3.40±0.58;the satisfaction of nurses for the management of their leaders and teamwork is high,as the satisfaction scores are 4.01±0.76 and 3.60±0.71 respectively;their satisfaction for salary,welfare and social identity is low,as the scores are 2.46±0.86 and 2.50±1.02 respectively.Work satisfaction varies with departments,academic levels,monthly income,work shifts,age,seniority,and objectives for their choice of nursing as profession.Conclusion Managers are prompted to enhance their work in view of the satisfaction scores on survival,mutual relations and growth,as well as factors affecting satisfaction,and take various incentives to improve overall satisfaction of nurses.

Mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) inhibitors have the anti-tumor ettect,which have been known early.The traditional mTOR inhibitors include rapamycin and its derivatives,which have been applied in clinical use early.Nowadays,some new small molecule inhibitors such as the PI3K/mTOR duel inhibitor,Torinl,one after another are found to play a unique role in the tumor therapy.

Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic ; etiology ; Ear Neoplasms ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tympanoplasty ; adverse effects

[Objective] To gain more insight into the presentation,diagnosis of Bertolotti's syndrome and to investigate the indications,the procedure and the early clinical results of minimally invasive transverse process plasty.[Methods]Thirteen cases(Santavirta Type I)with Bertolotti's syndrome underwent minimally invasive transverse process plasty under MED X-tube(Medtronic Sofamor)from Apr.2006 to Dec.2008.The Visual Analogue Scale(VAS),Modified Oswestry Disability Index(ODI)score and subjective sensation of patients were recorded to evaluate the function.[Results]The operation blood loss was from 120 ml to 800 ml and operative time was from 60 to 280 minutes,average 115minutes.There was no severe complication.Nine cases were followed up for 10 to18 months,average 13.6 months.The VAS decreased from(6.7?2.2)before operation to(2.2?0.7)one week after operation and(2.8?0.9)three months after operation.ODI score decreased from(27.8?3.6)before operation to(5.9?2.2)three months after operation.The results were excellent in 10 case and good in 3 cases.[Conclusion]Minimally invasive transverse process plasty is an effective method for Bertolotti's syndrome,especially for Santavirta type I.It shows less blood loss and injury and deserves to be spreaded.Disectomy is recommended in one stage if the patient is complicated with disc herniation.

Animals ; Blood Cell Count ; Blood Cells ; Decompression Sickness ; blood ; Male ; Rabbits

Objective To compare the propagation speed and physical parameters between underwater blast wave and air blast wave. Methods The physical parameters of blast wave were measured by PCB pressure transducers (USA) during underwater and air explosions of 200g, 500g and 1000g TNT respectively. Consequently, the propagation speed, peak overpressure value, positive duration and impulse of blast wave were analyzed. Results Underwater blast wave was characterized by high propagation speed, high peak overpressure value, great impulse, however, short duration. Compared with air blast wave, the propagation speed of underwater blast wave was 3.70-4.30 times higher than that of air blast wave, the peak overpressure value was 227.15-247.86 times higher, and the impulse was 8.48-11.80 times greater than that of air blast wave. Conclusion Underwater blast wave propagates faster than that air blast wave. Meanwhile, it also peoduces higher peak overpressure value and impulse. This result is helpful for the evaluation of injury severity and treatment of underwater blast injury.

objective: To study the effects of BMP on the growth of osteosarcoma cells. Methods: Human antisense BMP2 retrovirus expression vector was constructed and transfected into human osteosarcoma OS 9901 cells by Lipofect AMINE. Positive cell clones were selected with G 418. The expression of BMP and PCNA were determined by immunohistochemical methods, image analysis and expressed as grey level. The morphology and cell cycle distribution of the cells were studied by electronmicroscope and flowcytometry respectively. Results:The grey levels of BMP and PCNA in the transfected cells were 198.4?8.51 and 197.3?3.22, those of the control were 135.1?12.32 and 142.9?8.47,respectively. G 1, G 2 and S phase cells were 51.9%,18.2% and 22.7% in the cell cycle of transfected cells, while those of the control were 52.8%,11.1% and 36.1%, respectively.Increased lysosome and small pieces of chromatin were observed in the transfected cells under electronmicroscope. Conclusion:Transfection of antisense BMP2 may inhibite the expression of BMP and proliferating activity of osteosarcoma cells.

Objective:To develop a UV optical fiber in situ process monitoring method for the dissolution behavior of five cepha-lexin solid dosage forms and compare the drug dissolution behavior of different cephalexin preparations. Methods: The dissolution of five different cephalexin preparations was on-line monitored according to the dissolution method for cephalexin tablets in Chinese Phar-macopeia (2010 edition) combined with a six channel optical fiber chemical sensor in situ dissolution monitor. Results:The dissolu-tion curves could show the drug release characteristics of different cephalexin preparations, and the five different preparations exhibited various drug release features. Conclusion:An in-situ, real time, on-line and process analysis of dissolution can be obtained by optical fiber dissolution test system automatically. The release characteristics of different preparations can be presented through dissolution curves directly, which can provide reference for the overall assessment of drug internal quality and clinical medication.

OBJECTIVE: To review the applications and progress in research of chitosan derivatives in bioadhesive drug delivery system.

Objective: To compare the histological, immunological, and biomechanical characteristics of decellularized porcine aortic valve scaffold created by 3 different decellularization protocols and to search for a more suitable technique for creating acellular tissue-engineered cardiac valve conduit. Methods: Porcine aortic valve leaflets and whole aortic roots were decellularized by 3 different protocols. Decellularization procedure in group I involved treatment wit 0.01% trypsin, 1% Triton, and nuclease for 24 h; that in group II involved treatment with 0.01% trypsin (8 h), 1% DCA, and nuclease for 24 h; and that in group III involved treatment with 1% DCA and nuclease for 32 h. All the treatments were conducted during continuous shaking at 37°C. Porcine aortic valve leaflets and whole aortic roots treated with PBS were taken as control. The decellularization efficiencies of each protocol were assessed by H-E staining, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The biomechanical features of the acellular valve matrices were examined by stress-strain tests and tensile strength tests. The immunogenicity and inflammatory responses of the decellularized matrices, valve leaflets, and aortic wall were investigated by subcutaneous implantation of them in rats. Results: The native cells in porcine aortic valve leaflets and aortic roots were completely removed in group II, which was superior to group I and III. The values of elasticity modulus and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of group II were greater than those in group I ([5.77±0.95] MPa vs [4.15±1.13] MPa and [7.82±1.51] MPa vs [4.65±0.85] MPa, respectively; P<0.05). The extension ratios ar 1.5 MPa and at rupture in group II were less than those in group I ([0.33±0.04] vs [0.41±0.09] and [0.45±0.02] vs [0.60±0.06]; P<0.05), but the extension ratio at rupture was similar to that of fresh porcine aortic valves ( [0.45±0.02] vs ([0.46±0.03]). Histological analysis showed only slight inflammatory responses in groupIIand the host cells grew into the matrix, rebuilding the acellular matrices gradually. Conclusion: Decellularization using 8-hour pretreatment with 0. 01% trypsin, followed by 24 hours incubation with 1% DCA plus nuclease is effective and convenient; it not only removes the cells but also decreases the immunogenicity of the aortic valve matrices, making the product an excellent material for tissue-engineered cardiac valve conduit.