Epigenetic modification, which involve DNA methylation, RNA-associated silencing and histone modification, is implicated in cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, apoptosis and malignant transformation. Some leukemogenesis has been shown to be aberrance of epigenetic modification. This paper discussed the potential causes of some of leukemias correlating with the methylation of cell cycle regulation genes, small interference RNA and modification abnormality of histone after translation. The study on epigenetic modification abnormality of leukemia cells provides a new strategy for treatment of leukemia.
DNA Methylation ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Gene Silencing ; Histones ; Humans ; Leukemia ; genetics ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics

Objective]To investigate academic thoughts of Prof. Yan Dexin in spleen and stomach syndrome treatment.[Methods]The paper summarized the academic origin, academic thoughts as well as practical treatment cases of Prof. Yan Dexin ’s spleen and stomach syndrome treatment theory. [Results]The main points of Prof. Yan’s academic thought on spleen and stomach therapy has succeeded and developed the therapy of Menghe physician, which includes an emphasis on spleen Qi rise and stomach Yin drop, Qi of spleen and stomach regulation, special attention on the function of the stomach-yang and spleen-yin, an advocation ofspleen leading four organs, and therapy design from spleen with an ingenious use of atractylodes rhizome, Atractylodes and Zhizhu pill. [Conclusion] Professor Yan Dexin developed his unique theoretical system in spleen-stomach diseases therapy on basis of the experiences of spleen and stomach disease treatment from ancient physicians, which is instructive for later physicians.

Posterior circulation iscbemia refers to the transient iscbemic attack and the cerebral infarction in vertebrobasilar artery system,its prognosis is not as good as anterior circulation ischemia,and its treatment is similar to that of anterior circulation ischemia.However,because of the mortality of basilar artery occlusion is higher,usually more aggressive treatment should be considered,such as thromholytic therapy(especially intra-arterial thromholysis)and endovas- cular therapy,and the therapeutic time window is much longer.This article reviews the treatment of anterior circulation ischemia.

Gastrectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Stomach Neoplasms ; surgery

Objective:To explore the pathogenesis of abnormal behavior in children with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Method:The behavioral problems and C-reactive protein were measured in 40 children with OSAHS and 30 children with habitual snoring who underwent overnight Polysomnography,40 cases of healthy children for the control group.Result:The ratio of abnormal behavior in OSAHS and abitual snoring children was significantly higher than that of the healthy control group,while no significant difference between the two groups.The content of C-reactive protein in OSAHS children(4.24 mg/L)was significantly higher than habitual snoring(2.76mg/L)and healthy control group(1.27mg/L);in habitual snoring children C-reactive protein was higher than in healthy control group.The content of serum C-reactive protein in OSAHS children accompanied by abnormal behavior(4.63 mg/L)was significantly higher than that without abnormal behavior(3.23 mg/L).The content of serum C-reactive protein content in habitual snoring children accompanied y abnormal behavior (3.63 mg/L)was significantly higher than that without abnormal behavior(1.76 mg/L).Conclusion:OSAHS and habitual snoring children have more behavior problems.C-reactive protein levels are higher in children with OSAHS and habitual snoring.and the levels of C-reactive protein are related to the abnormal ehavior in these children.

Objective To investigate the mechanisms of oxygen free radical/JNK signaling pathway on neuronal autophagy after subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH) in rats.Methods 160 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham group, SAH model group, low dose Edaravone group and high dose Edaravone group.The SAH model was established by autologous blood injection into cisterna magna twice, while the rats in the sham group were injected with isotonic saline(0.3mL/time).The high dose of edaravone group and low dose of edaravone group were given 5mg/kg or 10mg/kg of edaravone, respectively, once daily with tail intravenous injection after the models were established.The morphological changes of hippocampus neural cells were detected by light microscope.The malondialdehyde (MDA) level in brain tissue was determined with thiobarbituric acid.The changes of phosphorylated JNK and autophagic biomarkers (Beclin-1 and LC3-II)were detected by immunohistochemical method.The expressions of JNK mRNA,Beclin-1 mRNA and LC3 mRNA in hippocampus was detected by Real time-quantitative PCR.Results The necrotic nerve cells were seen in the hippocampus of SAH group in terms of nuclear dissolution, nuclear fragmentation or nuclear disappearance.Compared with Sham group, the level of MDA and the number of dead neurons, the expression of JNK mRNA, Beclin-1 mRNA and LC3-Ⅱ mRNA were increased in the SAH group (P<0.05).The survival rate of nerve cells in the SAH group was lower than that in the sham group.The immunoreactivity of phosphorylated JNK 、Beclin-1 and LC3-Ⅱ in the SAH group was enhanced than that in the sham group.However the damage of the morphological structure of nerve cells was relatively decreased in both doses groups.Compared with SAH group, the level of MDA and the expression of JNK mRNA in low dose Edaravone group and high dose Edaravone group were decreased.The expression of Beclin-1 mRNA and LC-3 mRNA was higher (P<0.05).Furthermore, the survival rates of nerve cells in both dosesgroups were higher than that in the SAH group (P<0.05).Meanwhile, the immunoreactivity of phosphorylated JNK in both doses groups was weakened than that in the SAH group.The mRNA expression of Beclin-1 and LC3-Ⅱ was increased(P<0.05).Conclusion Oxygen free radical played an important role in process of neuronloss by activating the JNK signaling pathway to regulate Beclin-1 and LC3-Ⅱ expression.

AIM: To investigate the difference of cognitive impairment and depression between age-related macular degeneration ( AMD ) group and the control group patients. ·METHODS: A prospective case-control study was performed from November 2014 to August 2016 in the hospital for AMD patients and sex-matched control group. The Mini-Mental State Examination ( MMSE) and the Geriatric Depression Scale ( GDS ) score of each patient were collected for statistical analyzing. ·RESULTS: There were total 84 cases ( 168 eyes ) included in the study. The difference of visual acuity between the two group was statistically significant ( F=8. 953, P=0. 004) by baseline data analyzing. There were no significant differences in MMSE scores between the two groups according to educational status ( P>0. 05 ) , while the prevalence of cognitive impairment in each group was statistically significant (x2 =4. 14, P=0. 042). The difference of GDS scores, prevalence of total and mild depression between two groups were both statistically significant (F=5. 852, P=0. 018; x2=6. 372, P=0. 012; x2 = 5. 674, P = 0. 017 ). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of moderate to severe depression (x2=0. 672, P=0. 412). ·CONCLUSION: AMD patients have a higher prevalence of depression. Although MMSE score differences were not statistically significant in subgroup analysis by educational levels, AMD patients are more likely to have cognitive impairment overall.

ObjectiveTo investigate the associations of the Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project (OCSP) subtypes with severity and outcomes of acute ischemic stroke.MethodsThe inpatients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled prospectively and divided into total anterior circulation infarct (TACI), partial anterior circulation infarct (PACI), posterior circulation infarct (POCI), and lacunar infarction (LACI) according to the OCSP classification.Demographic and baseline clinical data of the patients were recorded.The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was used to assess stroke severity, ≤8 was mild stroke and >8 was moderate to severe stroke.The clinical outcome was assessed at 90 d after onset with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), and the favorable outcome was defined as mRS score 0-2, and the unfavorable one was defined as mRS score 3-5, death or cardiovascular event.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent associations of the OCSP subtypes and stroke severity and outcomes.ResultsA total of 765 patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled, including 46 (6.0%) with TACI, 281 with PACI (36.7%), 229 (29.9%) with POCI, and 209 (27.3%) with LACI.There were 580 patients (75.8%) with mild stroke, and 185 (24.2%) with moderate to severe stroke;17 were lost to follow-up, 513 (68.6%) had favorable outcomes, and 235 (31.4%) had unfavorable outcomes.There were significant differences between the baseline NIHSS scores and outcomes in each OCSP subtypes (all P<0.05), in which the baseline NIHSS score in TACI was the highest, the outcome was worst, and the proportion of patients with unfavorable outcome was 89.1%;there was significant difference in the baseline NIHSS scores between the PACI and the POCI (P<0.05), however, the proportion of patients with unfavorable outcome was not the case.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that TACI was an independent risk factor for moderate to severe stroke (odds ratio 84.881, 95% confidence interval 20.307-354.792;P<0.001) and unfavorable outcome (odds ratio 21.472, 95% confidence interval 8.362-55.136;P<0.001).Conclusion The OCSP subtypes were independently associated with the severity and outcomes of acute ischemic stroke.

Xiao Zhi Ling Injection is a Chinese herbal aqueous solution of praeparatum which is mainly made of gallnut and alum, it can make a " strengthening body resistance " treatment in polytype tumors, mainly through promoting apoptosis of tumor cells, destructing tumor cells, inhibiting tumor growth, enhan-cing immunity of organism and so on, the clinical effect is certain, with the development of theory and tech-nology in tumor molecular biology, it has become the core of future research that how to further explore Xiao-Zhi-Ling injection to promote tumor cell apoptosis by impacting on related genes, and its lucubrate inevitably provide new hope in gene therapy of cancer.