Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Pathology, Clinical ; instrumentation ; methods ; trends ; Referral and Consultation ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Telepathology ; instrumentation ; methods ; trends

Objective To explore drinking water pollution by algae in Wuhan. Methods Sampling was carried out in different kinds of tap waters and tank waters for algae detection and identification. Results The detection rate of algae in tap waters was 89% in tank water it was 86% and at the same spot the genera and number of algae in the tank waters increased by 37% and 60% compared with the tap waters respectively. Conclusion Drinking water has been polluted by algae in different degree in Wuhan.

Objective Cervical instability was mostly caused by trauma. However, degenerative cervical instability was diagnosed rarely according to the present criteria although cervical degeneration was common in aged people. The study was aimed at investigating the results of surgical treatment for degenerative cervical instability and to define the indications for surgical intervention. Methods From April 1998 to April 2001, anterior cervical fusion and plate fixation were applied in fifteen patients, there were 6 males and 9 females aged from 44 to 65 years with an average of 55.2 years. The patients showed roentgenographic instability of the cervical spine associating with cervical postural symptoms. Spondylotic cervical myelopathy were excluded from the group. The cervical postural symptoms were those presented or aggravated with flexion-extension or rotational movements of the cervical spine, such as neck-shoulder pain, cervical spondylotic radiculopathy symptoms, sympathetic or vertebral artery symptoms. The symptoms lasted from 18 months to 4 years before the index surgery, all patients had received more than one year conservative treatments, but no any improvement. Seven cases were fused with iliac autograft, in which three cases were on single intervertebral spaces, four cases on double spaces, and grooved bone graft was used in the patient of double space fusion. Intervertebral fusion cage (Titanium mesh) was used in 8 cases; allograft was used in 2 single space cases; grooved autograft was used in 6 double space cases. Excised vertebral body was used as autograft material. Results The patients were followed up from 8 months to 4 years with an average of 25 months. All patients were satisfactory for the surgical results in follow-up period. All symptoms were released in 12 cases, occasional neck pain was found in 3 cases, and there was no abnormality presented in clinical examination. Solid fusion was achieved in all of cases at follow-up, the fused segment was stable judging by dynamic roentgenogram. Conclusion Fusion of the unstable segments is an alternative procedure for degenerative cervical instability in case the cervical postural symptoms are consistent with the radiographic features. Since some degenerative instability of cervical spine may spontaneously achieve re-stabilization, the indication of surgical fusion must be strictly limited to avoid over-treatment.

Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a common clinical disease that seriously threatens human health and life. Accurate location of the upper airway obstruction is the key to the diagnosis and treatment of OSAHS. Acoustic pharyngometry uses sound reflection to quickly assess the cross-sectional area and volume of the upper airway. Acoustic pharyngometry represents a simple, quick, non-invasive method for measuring upper airway dimensions which could predict sleep apnea risk. In this article we sought to introduce the application of acoustic pharyngometry in the diagnosis and treatment of OSAHS.
Acoustics ; Humans ; Larynx ; Pharynx ; diagnostic imaging ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Syndrome

To enhance the capacity for extending and applying appropriate health technologies in rural areas in China,this paper proposes a supportive policy system that incoperates macro,average and microlevels. Thepolicysystemfocusesonorientation, incentives, regulationsand standardization,and its objectives and measures of each level are described.The policy system will contribute to the sustainable development rural health work.

This paper reviews the development of appropriate health technology policy from 1992 to 2012 in Zhejiang province.The evolvement of recent twenty years is classified into several stages and each is analysed and evaluated.This study provides reference for the establishment of appropriate health technology policy and the transformation of science and technology policy across the country.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the surgical techniques and 2-year follow-up results of Mast Quadrant-assisted modified transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF).MethodsFrom September 2006 to October 2008,54 patients with single-level lumbar degeneration disease were treated by Mast Quadrantassisted modified TLIF.Under the guidance of C-arm,the Mast Quadrant's retractor was placed and the lower articular process of the upper vertebrae and 1/2-2/3 of the lamina,flavum ligament and hyperplastic cohesive part of the lower articular process were removed,the nerve roots and the central canal were decompressed.After cleaning up intervertebral disc space,bone grafting and pedicle screw fixation were achieved.Visual analogue scale(VAS) and Oswestry disability index(ODI) results,as well as the fusion rate at the last follow-up were analyzed.ResultsAll patients were treated by Mast Quadrant-assisted modified TLIF,in which 51 patients were followed up for 2 years.An average operating time was(178.7±63.2) min,and an average blood loss was (224.2±136.5) ml; an average postoperative drainage loss was (117.2±91.4) ml,and an average postoperative stay was(5.8±3.6) d.There were statistic significances between pre- and post-operative ODI and VAS scores,respectively.At last follow-up,51 patients were achieved radiographic fusion without internal fixation failure and other complications.ConclusionMast Quadrant-assisted modified TLIF had a good vision,was relatively safe and easy to be acceptable by surgeons,and which had a good clinical results for the patients with single-level lumbar degenerative disease.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; DNA, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte, Heavy Chain ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains ; genetics ; Infant ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Paraffin Embedding ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Young Adult

Protamine (PRM) is one of the most abundant arginine-rich nucleoproteins in sperm and plays an important role in spermatogenesis. In the late stage of spermatogenesis, the replacement of PRM by histone prompts the closer combination between the nuclear matrix of sperm and nucleoprotein in order for high enrichment and condensation of nuclear chromatin in addition to preventing the sperm genome from mutation induced by internal and external factors. With the development of DNA sequencing techniques, researches on the association between PRM polymorphisms and male fertility are surfacing as a hot field. Many studies show that rs2301365 polymorphism is a risk factor for male infertility and increases the risk of male infertility by 27 - 66%, that rs737008 polymorphism of PRM1 and rs1646022 polymorphism of PRM2 are protective factors against Asian infertility, and that the ratio of PRM1 to PRM2 is intensively associated with male infertility. This review presents an update on the association between PRM gene polymorphisms and male infertility.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; genetics ; Male ; Mutation ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Protamines ; genetics ; Risk Factors ; Spermatogenesis ; Spermatozoa

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effecacy of cochlear implantation (CI) improving hearing of Lermoyez's syndrome, we retrospectively analyzed a case of Lermoyez's syndrome whose left ear was extremely severe sensorineural deafness and right ear was severe sensorineural deafness. METHOD: The patient had completed preoperative audiological examination , vestibular function and imaging examination, then was carried out bilateral endolymphatic sac decompression and left side CI. Follow up after the surgery. RESULT: The vertigo could be controlled very well after the bilateral endolymphatic sac decompression surgery, but the hearing loss couldn't be control, so CI was carried out to improve hearing and speech recognition rate. The contralateral hearing also improved significantly after the operation. CONCLUSION Endolymphatic sac decompression can effectively control. Ménière's disease in patients with vertigo attacks. CI can improve patients' hearing, and speech recognition rate and, also could improve the quality of life. CI was the first choice for the patient of 4 stage Ménière's disease.
Cochlear Implantation ; Deafness ; Decompression, Surgical ; Ear, Inner ; Endolymphatic Sac ; Hearing ; Hearing Loss ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; Humans ; Meniere Disease ; therapy ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies ; Vertigo