Background Phacoemulsification with IOL implantation can reduce the light scattering caused by cataract,but many patients with IOLs implantation complained of glare or blurred vision.IOLs from different materials will affect IOL refractive index (RI) and optical design,which affect the value of scattered light of IOLs implantation.Objective This study was to analyze the effect of IOL materials on optical quality in pseudophakic eyes with optical quality analysis system (OQAS).Methods The clinical data of 95 eyes from 65 patients with age-related cataract who received phacoemulcification with IOL implantation in Tianjin Eye Hospital from March to Octomber were retropectively analyzed.Three types of lOL,including AR40e,Acrysof SA60 AT and Rayner 620H,were implanted in 32 eyes,30 eyes and 33 eyes,respectively.The visual quality indexes were detected and evaluated using OQAS,including uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCDVA,LogMAR),objective scatter index (OSI),modulation transfer function cut off (MTF cut off),strehl ratio (SR),Profile width at 50％ point scatter function (PSF),Profile width at 10％ PSF and contrast visual acuity under the 100％,20％,9％ contrasts.Results The UCDVA was ≥ 0.3 in the eyes of AR40e group,SA60AT group and 620H group 1 month after surgery.No significant difference was found in the best corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA,LogMAR) among three groups (F =1.362,P =0.246).The OSI was 1.72±1.11,1.89±1.07 and 2.13±1.13 in the AR40e group,SA60AT group and 620H group,with a significant difference among the groups (F =3.638,P =0.045),and the OSI was significantly lower in the AR40e group than that in the SA60AT group or 620H group (both at P＜0.05).No considerable difference in MTF cut off among the groups (F =2.401,P =0.192).The SR value was significantly elevated and the PSF at both 50％ and 10％ was declined in the AR40e group compared with the SA60AT group and 620H group (all at P＜0.05).A significant difference was found in 9％ contrast visual acuity among the three groups (F=3.866,P=0.038),and 9％ contrast visual acuity was better in the AR40e group than that in the SA60At group or the 620H group (both at P＜ 0.05).Negative correlations were found betwee OSI and BCDVA in the AR40e group,SA60AT group and 620H group (r=-0.275,P=0.041;r=-0.287,P=0.042;r=-0.233,P=0.037).Conclusions OQAS can evaluate optical quality of cataract patients after opeartion objectively.Material and RI of IOL have a great effect on visual quality after phacoemulcification with IOL implantation,especially under the low contrast environment.The operated eyes implanted hydrophobic acrylic IOLs with a lower RI can get better optical quality in comparison with the eyes implanted hydrophilic IOLs.

Objective To evaluate the functional outcomes of different limb salvage procedures in patients with bone and soft tissue sarcomas of the shoulder girdle.Methods From July 2001 to July 2008,16 patients with limb salvage for sarcomas of shoulder girdle were respectively analyzed,including 11 males and 5 females with an average age of 38.4 years (range,17-67).Localizations of the tumors were 8 in the scapula(including 4 chondrosarcomas,1 Ewing sarcoma,and 3 metastases),5 soft tissues of the shoulder girdie(including 2 synoviosarcomas,1 fibrosarcoma,1 hemangioperieytoma,and 1 well-differentiated liposarcoma),and 3 proximal humerus (including 1 osteosarcoma and 2 metastases).Twelve patients were treated with classical Tikhoff-Linberg procedures,and 4 with improved procedures.Results The mean surgical time duration was 3 hours.The mean blood loss was 1600 ml.The mean follow-up time was 40 months.Major complications included 2 cases of delayed wound healing,and 1 ulnar nerve injury.One patient had local recurrence and died of pulmonary metastases 18 months after second operation of interscapulothoracal amputation.The patient with fibrosarcoma also died of pulmonary metastases 23 months later.One patient with synoviosarcoma was alive with pulmonary metastases in 9 months.Four of 5 patients with carcinoma metastases died during 11 to 23 months later.The 5-year cumulative survival rate was 34.6%.Functions were preserved in the whole hand and elbow.The MSTS functional score of the patients receiving classical Tikhoff-Linberg procedures was 14.7,while improved Tikhoff-Linberg procedures was 19.5.Conclusion The Tikhoff-Linberg procedure not only provides a wide resection of tumors in the shoulder girdle but also preserve the whole hand and elbow functions.The shoulder function was poor in patients receiving classical Tikhoff-Linberg procedures.

AIM:To investigate the construction of oligonucleotide microarray specialized for pancreatic adenocarcinoma-associated genes and its preliminary application of detecting differential expressed genes in pancreatic cancer.METHODS:Pancreatic cancer related genes were purposely selected,and oligonucleotide microarray was prepared by spotting oligonucleotide probes on glass slides coated with APS-PDC.Labeled cDNA targets for hybridizations were synthesized by reverse transcription from total RNA in the presence of Cy5-dCTP and Cy3-dCTP,respectively.Hybridized microarray was scanned by Agilent laser scanner,and the aquired image was analyzed by Imagene3.0 software.The intensity ratios of Cy3 and Cy5 were calculated.To confirm the expression profiles of these genes,quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (QRT-PCR) was carried out for CDC25B and TUSC3 genes,and β-actin gene was taken as internal control.The product of PCR was quantitated by comparative Ct method.RESULTS:The signal of microarray hybridization was clear,and the images had a lower background and higher signal-noise ratio.In comparison with normal pancreas,twenty -four differentially expressed genes were identified which included seventeen up-regulated and seven down-regulated genes.The results of QRT-PCR demonstrated that the expressions of CDC25B and TUSC3 in pancreatic cancer were up-regulated and down-regulated respectively,which is consistent with microarray results.CONCLUSION:The oligonucleotide microarray specialized for pancreatic cancer is desirable for its specialty and sensitivity,which can simultaneously and parallelly detect multiple pancreatic cancer-associated genes.

Background and purpose: Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare malignant neoplasm characterized by slow growth and indolent behavior, and most of the patients had metastases in diagnoses. This study was to define clinical features and assess prognostic factors of ASTS. Methods: Between January 2003 and December 2008, there were 15 patients with ASTS who received treatment and were followed up in the Department of Orthopedic Ontology of Peking University People's Hospital. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical factors of the disease related to prognosis: gender, age, tumor size, primary tumor site, metastatic sites, local recurrence, the roles of postoperative radiotherapy and postoperative chemotherapy. Resnlts: At a follow-up from 7 to 76 months, only 2 patients had local recurrences after excision, but there was a high incidence of pulmonary metastases. Only 6 patients achieved disease free survival, 5 patients died of metastases or other complications. The five-year overall survival rates was 41.7%, and the median survival time was 42.0 months. Univariate analysis and Cox regression analysis revealed that tumor size, tumor primary site and metastases at diagnoses were prognostic factors, but not gender and age, Conclusion: Alveolar soft part sarcoma is a high grade malignant soft tissue neoplasm with frequent metastases to lung, bone or brain. Tumor size, primary tumor site and metastases at diagnoses are some of the prognostic factors. Chemotherapy or radiotherapy after surgery have no benefit to the survival in our analysis. Further prospective studies are needed to clarify the best strategy for the treatment of ASPS.

0.05],significantly higher than stage Ⅲ,Ⅳ[60%(6/10),50%(5/10);P

· Application of capsular tension ring ( CTR ) in phacoemulsification has become a common method to increase the stability of the capsular bag. CTR can effectively reduce the posterior capsular opacification ( PCO) , prevent intraocular lens ( lOL ) decentration and tilt, not cause lOL degree deviation and aberration increase.ln this review, we summarized the development overview of CTR in phacoemulsification.

We described clinical process of two cases of intraocular lymphoma in aspects of early diagnosis by fine needle aspiration (FNA) and biopsy and treatment by intravitreal methotrexate (MTX). Two patients were suspected to have primary intraocular lymphoma (PIOL) with geographic yellow-white infiltrates and vitreous opacity. FNA confirmed malignant intraocular lymphoma in one patient and failed in the other patient due to complication of vitreous hemorrhage. Subsequent vitreous biopsy confirmed malignant intraocular lymphoma in the other patient. Both patients were treated by intravitreal methotrexate. In case 1 the tumor had complete remission and follow-up of 12 months had not found any signs of recurrence. In case 2 the patient died of brain metastasis 22 months after the ocular biopsy. Our findings demonstrate that although cytological examination of vitrectomy specimens remains the gold standard in diagnosis of PIOL, examination of FNA and biopsy increases the reliability of early diagnosing or excluding a PIOL. Individualized intravitreal methotrexate can be used to effectively treat PIOL. More effective integrated program treating primary central nervous system lymphoma/PIOL is worthy of looking forward to.

Objective To evaluate the effect of bifidobacterium-mediated CTP-NPRL2 on the growth and apoptosis of nude mouse renal carcinoma.Methods Recombinant plasmid pET15b-CTP-NPRL2 was constructed and transfected into bifidobacterium by electroporation,and then the expression of fusion protein CTP-NPRL2 was verified by Western blot.The nude mouse renal carcinoma model was constructed by subcutaneous injection of renal carcinoma cells suspension.The nude mice with renal carcinoma were equally and randomly divided into the observation group and control group(8 mice in each group).The mice in the observation group were treated with bifidobacterium containing recombinant plasmid pET15b-CTP-NPRL2 through tail vein injection,and the mice in the control group were treated with normal saline.All mice were treated once a week for four weeks,and then executed for evaluating the weight of mice and bearing tumors.Finally,the apoptosis of renal carcinoma was detected by TUNEL staining.Results The mass of nude mice was(26.24±1.98) g in the observation group and(23.28±2.17) g in the control group.The mass of bearing tumors was(1.37±0.12) g in the observation group and(1.68±0.18) g in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The TUNEL detection results showed that the apoptosis index of renal carcinoma cell in the observation group(23.27±5.14)％ was significantly higher than that in the control group(10.37±2.58)％,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Bifidobacterium-mediated CTP-NPRL2 has an inhibitory effect on the renal carcinoma growth of nude mouse,and significantly increases the apoptosis of renal carcinoma cells.

Objective To investigate the alternation of left ventricular systolic function in patients underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation operation(TAVI) by three-dimensional speckle tracking technology (3D-STI).Methods Totally 20 patients with severe aortic stenosis were enrolled.All the subjects underwent successful TAVI operation.The real-time 3D full volume datasets on apical four-chamber view were acquired on before,7 days and 1 month after TAVI.Left ventricular global longitudinal strain(GLS),regional peak systolic longitudinal strain(LS),regional peak systolic circumferential strain(CS) and regional peak systolic radial strain(RS),were analysed using off-line TomTec software,the differences among the three groups were compared.Results Compared with the preoperation,aortic valve blood flow velocity (AV),mean aortic valve pressure gradient(mPAG) of 7 days after operation decreased significantly.Threedimensional left ventricular ejecation fraction(3D-LVEF) among the patients whose 3D-LVEF under 50％had a remarkable increase and whose 3D-LVEF exceed 50％ before operation had no significant change,while 1 month after operation the 3D-LVEF had a significant improvement compared with the preoperational data regardless of 3D-LVEF under 50％ or not.The GLS and LS of all segments of 7 days after TAVI were higher than pre-operation(all P ＜0.05),and it had a further improvement 1 month after TAVI.Conclusions LV systolic function had improvement early after TAVI.3D-STI is a new,convenient way to detect the global and regional left ventricular systolic function of TAVI patients.

Objective To study the the feasibility of real-time 3D transesophageal echocardiography (RT-3D TEE) to measure the distance between the coronary ostial and the junction of left ventricle and artery.Methods The RT-3D TEE image of the aortic root was collected intraoperative in 65 cases who were refered to our center for valve replacement.The reconstruction of the aortic annulus was done in the QLAB quantitative analysis software and the height parameter of the annulus could be generated.Meanwhile the coronary artery position was observed and the distance between the coronary ostial and the junction of left ventricle and artery was measured respectively.Results In the 65 cases,49 cases clearly showed bilateral coronary ostial,three cases only showed the left coronary ostial,six cases only showed the right coronary ostial,seven cases of both sides of the coronary ostial were unclear.The shows rate of right coronary ostial was 84.61％ (55/65),with the left coronary ostial 81.54％ (52/65).The measured value of the L-AA in systole and diastole were (15.5 ± 1.9)mm,(12.8 ± 1.5)mm,the R-AA systole and diastole measured values were (13.7 ± 1.8)mm,(12.4 ± 1.7)mm,respectively,there was significant difference between systole and diastole respectively.The aortic annulus height (H) got by 3D reconstruction of the aortic annulus was lower than ventricular-arterial junction to the coronary artery distance in both systole and diastole.Conclusions Not only can RT-3D TEE reconstruct the annulus,but also can show and measure the distance between the coronary ostial and the junction of left ventricle and artery respectively.