Eighty cases (87 eyes) with chronic dacryocystitis were divided randomly into two groups. 40 cases (43 eyes) had undergone external dacryocystorhinos tomy (EDCR) and 40 cases (44 eyes), intranasal endoscopic dacryocystorhiuostomy (IEDCR). 73 eases (78 eyes) were followed for 3-8 months (mean, 6 months). The cure rate in the IEDCR group was 90.2% and that of the EDCR group was 67.9%(p

As ophthalmic science develops,the expectations of the patients undergoing cataract also advance.Good Snellen visual acuity is not always an indicator for patient's satisfaction,and the visual quality is much more important.The intraocular straylight is one of the important parameters to analyze the vision quality after surgery.The pseudophakic photic phenomena,such as dysphotopsia,is closely related to the intraocular straylight.The posterior capsular opacification,the material and the edge design of the intraocular lens (IOL),the diameter of IOL optical component are the important influential factors that cause the dysphotopsia.Great attention must be paid to it,which make us to understand the straylight deeply in order to improve postoperative visual quality.

Objective To observe the clinical outcomes of modified posteromedial and posterolateral approaches for the treatment of posterior tibial plateau fractures.Methods Between January 2006 and October 2011,25 patients with posterior tibial plateau fracture were identified.They were 17 men and 8 women,aged from 22 to 76 years (average,46.4 years).According to the AO/OTA classification,there were 4 cases of type 41-B1,6 cases of type 41-B2 and 15 cases of type 41-B3.According to Luo's three-column classification,they were all posterior column fractures.Ten patients with posterolateral tibial plateau fracture were treated by the modified posterolateral approach and the other 15 patients with posteromedial tibial plateau fracture by the modified posteromedial approach.The posterior fractures were fixated with a buttress plate.The knee function was evaluated at the last follow-up by the The Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) Score.Results All the 25 cases were followed up for a mean time of 13.2 months (from 10 to 24 months).By the radiological Rasmussen criteria for fracture reduction,the mean score immediately after surgery was 16.5 points (from 13 to 18 points),with 20 excellent cases,4 good cases and one fair case.All patients were pain-free with full range of motion.Radiologically,bone union was achieved in all cases after a mean time of 13.9 weeks (from 12 to 18 weeks).No surgery-related complications were found.The mean HSS score was 91 points(range,74 to 97 points) and the good to excellent rate was 100％ (17 excellent and 8 good cases) at the last follow-up.The average range of knee motion ranged from 0° to 125°.Conclusion In the treatment of posterior tibial plateau fractures,because the modified posteromedial and posterolateral approaches can result in excellent fracture reduction under direct visualization and allow for posterior buttress plating,soft tissues can be well preserved and good functional results can be expected.

Metabolic disturbances such as hypertension and insulin resistence,as well as cardiovascular events are more frequent in primary aldosteronism patients than in essential hypertension patients.When the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism is made,more attention should be paid to the associated metabolic disturbances and cardiovascular events,which may benefit the prognosis of patients.

The progress of modern science and technology stimulates reformation of teaching.PBL(Problem Based Learning) encourages the students to explore and solve the problems in the learning process.PBL can arouse the enthusiasm and creativity of the students through the carefully designed questions,focused discussions and(related) experiments etc.It can create an easy and active learning atmosphere that can improve the quality of teaching.

Animal Diseases ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; virology ; Animals ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Infection Control ; methods ; Rabies ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; veterinary ; virology ; Rabies Vaccines ; administration & dosage ; Rabies virus ; immunology

Objective To study the effect of different approaches of Cage bone graft combined with pedicle screw fixation fusion in trea-ting lumbar spondylolisthesis. Methods From January 2011 to December 2012,120 patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis in our hospital were randomly divided into anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) group(n=40),postero lateral fusion (PLF) group(n=40) and posteri-or lunbar interbody fusion (PLIF) group(n=40). The related index and body’s function were observed. Results In PLIF group,the opera-tion time was(82. 3 ± 12. 1) h,intraoperative bleeding volume was (60. 3 ± 9. 5) mL,postoperative ambulation time was (5. 5 ± 0. 7) d, NRS score was(1. 5 ± 0. 2),ODI score 3,6,9,12 months after operation were respectively (24. 1 ± 3. 4),(19. 4 ± 3. 1),(13. 5 ± 2. 5), (9. 8 ± 1. 6),which was significantly lower than ALIF group and PLF group;the intervertebral height(9. 3 ± 1. 2)mm were significantly high-er than those of ALIF group and PLF group. Conclusion PLIF has positive clinical value in treating lumbar spondylolisthesis as it can re-duce the operation wound,promote postoperative recovery,and improve the long-term function of body.

Objective To test whether feeder cells derived from mouse embryonic stem cells(mESCs) could support the growth of mESCs themselves. Methods mESCs were induced to form mouse embryoid bodies(EB),and then fibroblast-like cells were derived from further differentiated mEB(mEB-dF),which served as feeder cells.The undifferentiation of mESCs grown on mEB-dF was confirmed by morphological analysis,colony efficiency and cell differentiation rate of mESCs,immunocytochemistry,alkaline phosphatase staining and RT-PCR.The pluripotency of mESCs grown on mEB-dF was examined by RT-PCR,inducing their differentiation in vivo and in vitro. Results(Forty-eight) fibroblast-like cells lines were derived from the same EB at three periods(d 10,d 15 and d 20),and five of them,mostly derived from d15 EB,were able to maintain mESCs in undifferentiated status and pluripotential ability over 10 passages.mESCs cultured on these feeder cell lines expressed alkaline phosphatase and specific mESCs markers,including SSEA-1,OCT-4,NANOG,and formed EB in vitro and teratomas in vivo.However,the majority of mEB-dF lines(43/48) has no such ability. Conclusion This study not only provides a novel feeder system for mESCs culture,avoiding lot of disadvantages of mouse embryo fibroblasts used as the feeder,but also indicates that fibroblast-like cells derived from mESCs take on different functions.The molecular mechanism of different function of these fibroblast cells is worthy of further investigations.

Objective To offer a theory that supports the individualized tacrolimus dosage regimen by retrospectively investigating the influences of gene polymorphism and other clinical factors on tacrolimus concentration in renal transplant recipients. Methods A total of 280 renal transplant recipients were genotyped for CYP3A4?5, CYP3A4?6, CYP3A4?18B, CYP3A5?3, MDR1 1236C>T, MDR1 2677G>T/A, MDR1 3435C>T polymorphisms by PCR followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis.PXR 6bp deletions (rs3842689) genotypes were determined by Allelic Special-Touch down PCR.Correlation between gene polymorphisms and tacrolimus concentrations was analyzed. Results The mutation frequency of CYP3A4?18B, CYP3A5?3, MDR1 1236C>T, 2677G>T/A, 3435C>T and PXR rs3842689 in the renal transplant recipients was 29.11%, 69.29%, 43.57%, 49.64%, 36.43% and 26.07%, respectively.Multiple regression analysis showed that, CYP3A5?3 and red blood cell count were associated with the value of C0/D of FK506, the best regression model was:D=C0/(-60.445 +95.777×CYP3A5 +34.938×RBC), and the equation could explain 38.8% of tacrolimus individual differences. Conclusion Gene polymorphism of CYP3A5?3 and red blood cell count may be responsible, in part, for the large interindividual variability of FK506 dose and concentration.