0.05);the body weight of 170 and 357 mg/kg 3,4-DCA exposure groups decreased significantly(P

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of shikonin on the proliferation of human keratinocytes induced by IL-17 and secretion of chemokines, in order to discuss the mechanism of Shikonin in the treatment of psoriasis.

METHODIn vitro cultured HaCaT cells were stimulated by IL-17A (200 μg x L(-1)) and mixed with different concentrations (2, 1 mg x L(-1)) of shikonin for 24 hours. The cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay. Cell secretion inflammatory factor interleukin-23 (IL-23) was detected by ELISA. The expressions of intracellular chemokines CXCL1, CXCL2, CCL20 and 6-defensin 4 (DEFB4) were detected by Real-time PCR.

RESULTShikonin (2,1 mg x L(-1)) could distinctly inhibit HaCaT cell proliferation induced by IL-17A, with statistical difference (P < 0.01). Each shikonin group showed decreases in the secretion of IL-23 and inhibition in expressions of intracellular CXCL1, CXCL2, CCL20 and DEFB4.

CONCLUSIONShikonin could inhibit HaCaT cells proliferation induced by IL-17 and secretion of relevant cytokines and recruit leukocytes by inhibiting chemokines, so as to show the effect in treating psoriasis.

Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Chemokines ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Interleukin-17 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Keratinocytes ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Naphthoquinones ; pharmacology

Objective To comprehensively evaluate the relationship between children's high iodine goiter and excessive iodine . Methods A computerized literature search was carried out to collect articles published before 2014 in electronic databases CBM , WabFang ,VIP ,CNKI ,PubMed ,EMbase ,Ovid and Cochrane Library .The study type was randomized controlled trial or quasi‐ran‐domized control trial .Literature was analyzed by RevMan5 .0 software ,then calculated and combine RR and 95% CI .Publication bi‐as of Meta analysis was evaluated by Begg's test ,Egger's test and Macaskill's test .The result stability of Meta analysis was tested by sensibility analysis .Results A total of 10 controlled before and after studies were included in our meta‐analysis .The result showed that the iodine content of 150 -300 μg/L (RR:1 .54 ;95% CI:1 .14 -2 .07);301 -600 μg/L (RR:2 .33;95% CI:1 .43 -3 .82);601-900 μg/L (RR:2 .72 :95% CI:1 .01-7 .33) and greater than 900μg/L (RR:2 .41 ;95% CI:1 .38-4 .23) would result in chil‐dren goiter .Conclusion Iodine content greater than 150 μg/L would result in children goiter .

In the current study, a total of nineteen triterpenoids (1-19) from 60% EtOH extracts of Stauntonia obovatifoliola Hayata subsp. intermedia stems were separated and purified by solvent extraction and chromatographic methods including silica gel, ODS as well as preparative HPLC. According to the results of chemical reactions and spectral data, compounds were identified as: lupeol (1), betulinonic acid (2), betulinic acid (3), 3-epi-betulinic acid (4), quinatic acid (5), 24-O-acetyl quinatic acid (6), 3-O-α- L-arabinopyranosyl-30-nor-hederagenin-28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 4) -β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 6) -β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (7), Stauntoside A (8), kalopanax saponin A (9), kalopanax saponin J (10), Kizuta saponin K10 (11), 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1--> 2) -α-L-arabinopyranosyl-hederagenin-28-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 --> 6) -β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (12), kalopanax saponin B (13), 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2) -α-L-arabinopyranosyl-hederagenin-28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 6) -β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (14), sieboldianoside A (15), septemoside A (16), kalopanax saponin K (17), septemloside I (18), and 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl (1 --> 2)-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl- hederagenin (19). Among them, compounds 4, 6, 10, 12, 14, and 16-19 were isolated from the Stauntonia genus for the first time, and compound 6 was a new natural product.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Magnoliopsida ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Triterpenes ; chemistry

Differentiated somatic cells can be directly reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells in vitro. Similarly to embryonic stem (ES) cells, iPS cells have pluripotency to differentiate into all cell types and capability to self-renew themselves indefinitely. Without immune rejection and ethical issues, patient-specific iPS cells promise to be an ideal tool for regenerative medicine, drug screening, and toxicity testing.
Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Objective: To clarify the importance and practical significance of the standardized rate in primary healthcare work by comparing the differences in the prevalence of myopia in districts in Beijing before and after standardization. Methods: This study recruited a total of 41 029 students from 107 primary and secondary schools and 35 kindergartens from the 16 districts of Beijing municipality. All participants underwent distance vision and refractive testing. The presence of myopia was defined as naked eye vision of <5.0 and non-ciliary muscle paralysis under computer optometry with a spherical equivalent objective refractive error of <-0.50 diopters (<-0.50 D). The student composition outlined in the 2018-2019 Beijing Education Development Statistics Summary was used as a standard group to standardize the prevalence of myopia in students from various districts of Beijing. The difference in the pre-and post-standardization rates was used to compare the change in myopia in each district before and after standardization. Results: In 2018, the prevalence of myopia in students from Beijing was 57.3%. Stratified by school period, the prevalence of myopia in preschool, primary school, junior high school, ordinary high school, and vocational high school students was 12.1%, 38.4%, 77.2%, 88.3%, and 73.1%, respectively. Although the prevalence of myopia in Daxing District was the highest both before and after standardization, the difference in the prevalence rate was 13.8 percentage points. The prevalence of myopia in Miyun District was the lowest before standardization. However, after standardization, the prevalence of myopia was lowest in Huairou District. Conclusion The prevalence of myopia among Beijing students is generally high. Before and after standardization, the prevalence of myopia in different districts was quite different. The results show that, in practice, the standardized prevalence can reveal the true epidemiological characteristics of specific disease.

In order to clarify the pharmacodynamic substances and mechanism of Xiangju Preparations (Xiangju Tablets, Xiangju Drops) in the treatment of rhinitis and sinusitis, the multi-level network integration analysis of "ingredients-targets-pathways" was conducted. 137 chemical constituents were identified in Xiangju Preparations by high pressure liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-QTOF/MS) for the first time. Network pharmacology analysis was performed on 59 potential active components. The results of network pharmacology analysis demonstrated that the medicinal ingredients in Xiangju Preparations included caffeic acid, senkyunolide F, rosmarinic acid, ligustilide, prim-O-glucosylcimifugin, linarin, magnolin, luteolin, senkyunolide I and gallic acid. These ingredients act on the crucial targets of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin 1B (IL1B), protein kinase B (AKT1), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and participate in the regulation of advanced glycosylation end products-receptor of AGEs (AGE-RAGE), TNF, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and cyclic guanosine monophosphate-protein kinase G (cGMP-PKG) signaling pathways to effectively treat rhinitis and sinusitis. The excellent binding performance between above 10 active components and 5 key target proteins was further confirmed by molecular docking, indicating that these 10 ingredients are pharmacodynamic substances of Xiangju preparations. In conclusion, this study preliminarily clarified the effective components and mechanism of Xiangju preparations in the treatment of rhinitis and sinusitis, and provided a theoretical basis for the clinical application of Xiangju preparations.

Wuzhuyu Tang is a classical formula for treating migraine, but its' pharmacological ingredients is unclear yet. Present study employed the everted intestinal sac model to collect the absorption samples of 10 kinds of Wuzhuyu decoction, and then analyzed the contents of 9 ingredients in Wuzhuyu Tang and absorption samples quantitatively or semi-quantitatively by HPLC-DAD method. Reserpine was used to establish the mice model of migraine, and then the contents and activities of 5-hydroxytryptamine, noradrenaline, dopamine, nitric oxide and nitricoxide synthase in brain tissues and serums were determined respectively after oral administration of Wuzhuyu Tang. Using the partial least squares regression method to correlate the total absorption quantity of 9 ingredients and pharmacodynamics. The result shows that limocitrin-3-O-beta-D-glucoside, ginsenoside Rg1 and Rb1, rutaevine, limonin, evodiamine and rutaecarpine are the main ingredients influenced the effects in absorption samples in everted intestinal sacs, especially ginsenoside Rg1, rutaevine, evodiamine and rutaecarpine among them have obvious improving effects to most pharmacodynamics index, might be the pharmacological ingredients influenced the therapeutical effects of Wuzhuyu Tang treating migraine.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Intestinal Absorption ; drug effects ; Intestines ; drug effects ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Migraine Disorders ; drug therapy ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVEThis study was to simultaneously identify Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolates in China by Multi-PCR assay and to study the prevalence of six virulence and toxin genes on them.

METHODSA multi-PCR method with three sets of primers specifically designed for application of a 16S rRNA as a universal control, mapA, ceuE based on the specific sequence of C. jejuni and C. coli, was applied to detect 65 Campylobacter isolates from China. Another two separately PCR Primers were directed towards the hippuricase gene (hipO) characteristic of C.jejuni and glyA gene characteristic of C. coli were performed for further confirmation. The presence of the cadF, virB11, flaA, cdtA, cdtB, cdtC genes among these 65 strains were investigated by PCR.

RESULTSFrom multi-PCR detection, 42 isolates belonged to C. jejuni, other 23 isolates belong to C. coli. Data showing the identification were 100% in concordance with the separated PCR for hipO and glyA amplification. The efficiency (100%) of identification by these three primers multi-PCR method was higher than the biochemical test (83.1%). The cadF and flaA genes were detected from 100% (65/65) of the isolates and the PCR product of each gene were identical with each isolate. Only 10.8% (7/65) of the isolates were positive for virB11. The cdtA gene was found in 92% (60/65) of the isolates. 97.6% (41/42) of C. jejuni had cdtB gene, whereas no PCR product with this primers for all the C. coli isolates. cdtC was presented in all the isolates but the lengths of PCR products were different. For C. jejuni, it was 555 bp, for C. coli, it was about 465 bp.

CONCLUSIONThis three primers simultaneous multi-PCR method seemed to be useful for the identification of C. jejuni and C. coli isolates from China since cadF and flaA genes were widely spread in Campylobacter isolates in this country. The present report on virB11 was similar to previous reports from other countries, but the distribution of cdt gene cluster in Campylobacter species isolated from China might be different.

Campylobacter coli ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; pathogenicity ; Campylobacter jejuni ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; pathogenicity ; China ; DNA Primers ; Genes, Bacterial ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Virulence ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of constantly slow intravenous arsenic trioxide (As2O3) infusion regimen on decreasing leukocytosis in vivo and in vitro.

METHODSThree kinds of leukemia cells, NB4, K562, and acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells, were cultured in the media with constant concentration and varying concentrations of As2O3 respectively for 24 hours. Seventy-five patients were enrolled in two groups randomly. In trial group, 37 patients received continuously slow intravenous As2O3 infusion regimen for 24 hours with an infusion rate of 8 drips per minute and total infusion duration of about 18-21 hours daily. In control group, 38 patients received routine regimen with an infusion rate of 45-55 drips per minute and total infusion duration of about 2-3 hours daily for 24 hours. The daily As2O3 dosage was 0. 16 mg/kg. The intracellular arsenic concentration was measured by atomic fluorescence assay. The apoptosis rate of cells, CD33- CD11b+ cells, and CD33+ CD11b- cells were monitored by flow cytometry.

RESULTSThe apoptosis rates of NB4, K562, and APL leukemia cells in the media with constant As2O3 concentration were 56.6% +/- 2.4%, 27.6% +/- 3.1%, and 52.2% +/- 2.8%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those with changing As2O3 concentration (23.2% +/- 2.1%, 11.0% +/- 2.5%, and 21.0% +/- 2.5%, respectively, P < 0.01). The apoptosis rates of APL, M2 type acute myeloid leukemia (AML-M2), and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients in the trial group (28.5% +/- 1.9%, 9.5% +/- 0.6%, and 12.5% +/- 1.8%) were also significantly higher than those in control group (8.5% +/- 2.2%, 2. 9% +/- 0.8%, and 4.5% +/- 1.2%; P < 0.05). The ratios of CD33 CD11b- and CD33- CD11b+ cells in control group were significantly higher than those in trial group.

CONCLUSIONThe continuously slow intravenous As2O3 infusion regimen can obtain high efficiency of apoptosis and low differentiation proportion, relieve leukocytosis, and gain maximal therapeutic benefit.

Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Arsenicals ; administration & dosage ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; K562 Cells ; Leukemia ; blood ; drug therapy ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; blood ; drug therapy ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; blood ; drug therapy ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; blood ; drug therapy ; Leukocytosis ; blood ; drug therapy ; Oxides ; administration & dosage