Phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K), a key regulator in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, plays a critical role in regulation of cell growth, differentiation, metastasis apoptosis, and angiogenesis processes. Abnormal activation of PI3K is closely related to the development of many types of human cancers. PI3Kδ is an important isoform of PI3K family, mainly expressed in leukocytes, which makes it an attractive target for the treatment of hematological malignancies. Great efforts in both industry and academia have been made to develop PI3Kδ selective inhibitors as anti-cancer agents. This review attempts to provide an overview of recent advances in the research of PI3Kδ selective inhibitors, fueling the progress of the ideal selective PI3Kδ inhibitors in the future.

A series of 2-methoxyestradiol (2-MeO-E2) RGD peptide conjugates with coupling RGD peptides to 3- position or 17-position of 2-MeO-E2 through space linker were synthesized. Their antiangiogenic properties were preliminarily evaluated by cell migration scratch assays against HUVECs. Compound 26c binding RGDV peptide showed the best inhibitory effect. In addition, all 2-MeO-E2 RGD peptide conjugates exhibited obvious activity. These results demonstrate that conjugates with RGD peptides represent a promising means for targeting angiogenesis in cancer therapy.

Objective: To determine the knowledge of influenza, pneumonia, herpes zoster and related vaccines, willingness to vaccinate under multiple payment scenarios, and corresponding risk factors among people over 50 years old in Minhang District of Shanghai. Methods: A total of 1 672 respondents aged 50-69 from 13 communities/towns in Minhang district of Shanghai were included in this study using a stratified random sampling strategy on December 2020. The knowledge of influenza, pneumonia, herpes zoster and vaccines was investigated using a questionnaire, and the differences in the willingness under multiple payment scenarios were determined using chi-square test. The consistency in the willingness under multiple payment scenarios was compared using Cohen's Kappa and the risk factors of the willingness was determined using ordinal logistic regression. Results: The average age of 1 672 respondents was (60.48±5.96) years old, including 777 (46.47%) males and 895 (53.53%) females. A total of 1 350 subjects (80.74%) had local household registration in Shanghai. The proportion of the willingness to vaccinate for themselves, spouses, and parents under any payment scenario was determined to be 80.6% (influenza vaccine), 81.5% (pneumonia vaccine), and 74.0% (herpes zoster vaccine). The willingness to vaccinate against influenza and pneumonia under multiple payment scenarios remained stable (Kappa value ≥0.6), while that against herpes zoster infection was inconsistent (Kappa value ≤0.35). Logistic regression analysis showed that respondents who had higher knowledge of influenza and influenza vaccine [OR (95%CI): 1.111 (1.054-1.170), 1.182 (1.126-1.240), respectively], aged 50-59 [1.305 (1.085-1.531)] and local household registration in Shanghai [1.372 (1.079-1.721)] had higher willingness to vaccinate against influenza, while males had lower willingness [0.733 (0.551-0.910)]. Respondents who had higher knowledge of pneumonia and pneumonia vaccine [OR (95%CI): 1.837 (1.152-2.517), 2.217 (1.541-2.893), respectively] had higher willingness to receive pneumonia vaccine. Respondents aged 50-59 [1.327 (1.059-1.537)] and with local household registration in Shanghai [2.497 (1.417-4.400)] were more likely to be vaccinated against herpes zoster, while those with middle school degree or below [0.664 (0.396-0.992)] and high school degree [0.559 (0.324-0.964)] were less likely to be vaccinated. Conclusion: Among people aged over 50 years old in Minhang district of Shanghai, the willingness to vaccinate for themselves, spouses, and parents against influenza, pneumonia and herpes zoster infection is quite different under multiple payment scenarios, especially for herpes zoster vaccine.
Aged ; China ; Female ; Herpes Zoster/prevention & control* ; Herpes Zoster Vaccine ; Humans ; Influenza Vaccines ; Influenza, Human/prevention & control* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonia/prevention & control* ; Vaccination

Objective:To characterize the mortality rate of residents in Minhang District of Shanghai from January to April in 2016-2020， and to determine the change in the epidemic Coronavirus Disease 2019 （COVID-19） in 2020. Methods:Data of mortality surveillance was collected from the death registry of Shanghai residents. Cause of death was coded and classified per the International Classification of Diseases （ICD-10）. The standardized mortality rate was calculated based on the standard population of China in 1990. The analysis was performed by Excel 2016 and SPSS 20.0. Results:From 2016 to 2020， the average crude mortality rate of residents was 281.75/100 000 from January to April in Minhang District of Shanghai， and the standardized mortality rate was 66.57/100 000. The top five causes of death in the latest five years were cardiovascular diseases， tumor， respiratory diseases， endocrine diseases， and injury and poisoning. The mortality rate was the lowest from January to April in 2020 in the past five years； furthermore， the mortality rate of respiratory system diseases has decreased significantly. Conclusion:Sex， age， place and causes of death in residents are consistent from January to April across years in Minhang District of Shanghai. However， there are minor differences in 2020， which may be attributable to the epidemic of COVID-19.