Objective: To investigate the evolutionary relationship of the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of novel influenza virus A/H1N1 in 2009 pandemic with the HA genes of A/H1N1 viruses isolated in different parts of the world previously. Methods: The sequences of the HA gene of the novel A/H1N1 strain and the reference sequences of human, swine, and avian influenza A viruses were retrieved from NCBI. MEGA 4.0 software was employed to align, blunt nucleotide sequences, and construct phylogenetic tree. The deduced amino acid sequences of the HA genes of novel influenza virus A/H1N1 were compared with those of the A/H1N1 isolates in North America, Europe, and Asia. Results: Phylogenetic tree of the HA genes of A/H1N1 strains worldwide showed that the HA genes of novel influenza virus A/H1N1 in 2009 shared a high homology with those of the 7 human A/H1N1 influenza viruses isolated in North America during 1976 to 2007, and shared a low homology with those of the human influenza viruses A/H1N1 isolated in Europe and Asia. Phylogenetic tree of the HA gene between different species showed that the HA genes of novel influenza virus A/H1N1 in 2009 had a close evolutionary relationship with those of the two swine A/H1N1 strains isolated in 1998 and 2007 in North America, but a distant evolutionary relationship with those of swine and avian A/H1N1 isolated in Europe and Asia. Alignment of amino acid at important antigenic sites showed that the HA gene of the novel A/H1N1 strains shared important antigen sites with the swine A/H1N1 influenza viruses isolated in North America, and did not share with the swine A/H1N1 influenza viruses isolated in Europe and Asia or the human A/H1N1 influenza vaccine strains. Conclusion: The HA genes of the novel influenza virus A/H1N1 might originate from swine A/H1N1 influenza viruses in North America after a long time evolution and the reassortment with fragments of human A/H1N1 in the area, and the current A/human/H1N1 influenza vaccine may not be effective for the novel A/H1N1 virus.

Objective To observe the lung inflammation and the expression of T - helper cell related cytokines in respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) infected Balb/c mice pre - sensitized with ovalbumin(OVA). Methods Mice were randomly divided into two series: nonsen-sitized and sensitized animal model with nebulized OVA once a day for 10 days. Each of the series was divided again into two groups: control group,RSV infected group with nasal draping plus nebulizing. All the mice were sacrificed 5 days later of infection. Viral isolation of lung organization was performed in each group. Pulmonary pathological detection and the levels of interleukin - 4(IL-4), interferon-? (IFN- ?) mRNA were evaluated by RT- PCR. Results The RSV were found only in RSV infected groups. The Balb/c mice developed typical interstitial pneumonia after RSV infection. When the mice pre- sensitized were infected with RSV, the pulmonary inflammation, lymphocyte and eosinophils infiltration and cell - collar peribronchiles were more severe in lung organization and bronchiole than those in the single RSV infection group. In the lung organization of control group, there were no mRNA expression of IL - 4 and IFN - ?. The mRNA of IFN -? was expressed in the lung organization of RSV infected groups while had not showed mRNA of IL- 4. In the OVA+ RSV group the mRNA expression of IL - 4 was obvious, while the expresses of IFN -? scarcely. Conclusions Pulmonary inflammation is more severe in the infection after OVA sensitization. RSV infection alone results in a Th1 - like cytokine response, while the infection after OVA sensitization results in Th2 - like response.

Equipment Safety ; Nanostructures ; adverse effects

Environmental Monitoring ; Humans ; Occupational Health

Several reconstruction techniques are available after gastrectomy. Roux-en-Y reconstruction following distal gastrectomy is the reference in terms of long-term functional and endoscopic outcomes. It is the preferred reconstruction for benign lesions and early gastric cancer. In patients with advanced gastric cancer, BillrothII (reconstruction is an acceptable alternative. After total gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y reconstruction is the simplest solution, with satisfactory functional outcome. Addition of a jejunal reservoir seems to improve long-term outcome after total gastrectomy and could be of benefit to patients with good prognosis. After distal or total gastrectomy, hand-sewn anastomoses should be preferred because of lower costs. Mechanical sutures can facilitate transhiatal esophagojejunostomy. After proximal gastrectomy, esophago-gastric anastomosis is the basic reconstruction method. Gastric remnant is made into gastric tube in the operation. The effect of pyloroplasty remains controversial, and further study is needed to improve the quality of life after operation.
Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y ; methods ; Gastrectomy ; Gastroenterostomy ; methods ; Humans ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Stomach Neoplasms ; surgery

Objective To construct an RNA interference vector to down-regulate X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis(XIAP)gene and study the RNA interference effect on the cell cycle and growth of ovarian cancer.Methods Oligonucleotides of 64 base pairs for hairpin RNA targeting XIAP were designed, chemically synthesized,annealed,and cloned into the pSUPER vector.After identification by restriction digestion,the correct vectors were transiently transfected into SKOV3 cells,a human ovarian cancer cell line.The XIAP mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.The proteins were detected by western blot and indirect immunofluorescence staining.Flow cytometry(FCM)analysis and methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT)assay method were applied to measure cell cycle,cell growth and sensitiveness to cisplatin.Results SKOV3 cells had a high level expression of XIAP.The vector of RNA interference,which can interfere with XIAP gene was successfully constructed.After transient transfection,the expression of XIAP protein was significantly decreased in SKOV3 cells and the value of relative density was 3584?124,2138?65,1973?80 and 110 ?12,respectively(P=0.0334).At the same time,the expression of XIAP mRNA was decreased accordingly and the value of relative density was 6674?274,4532?107,2322?57 and 1864?78, respectively(P=0.0127).The FCM results showed that,the vector could increase the number of cells in G_1 phase compared with parent cells and compared with the cells transfected with pSUPER(P

Objective To investigate the self‐management and cognitive situation of the patients with gestational diabetes melli‐tus (GDM) dietary and to discuss the influence of individualized diet intervention on patients .Methods Forty‐one pregnant women diagnosed with GDM were selected as the research objects .logistic regression analysis was used as well as questionnaire to evaluate the influence factors of comprehensive evaluation of the follow diet control ,detecting the 2 h plasma glucose(2 h PG) ,hemoglobin (HbAlc) ,total cholesterol (TC) ,three acyl glycerin (TG) change in value after individualized nutritional intervention ,which were compared with pre‐intervention index .Results (1)90 .2% of diet cognitive received diet educators ,26 .8% of the patients thought only diet and exercise therapy could effectively control blood sugar .Patients got 2 .4% correct overall about questions about food and 85 .4% patients followed diet .(2)Logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of GDM patients following di‐et were age ,BMI ,cultural degree ,receiving diet education ,self monitoring of blood sugar ,regular review to the hospital regularly . (3) After the intervention(41 cases) ,the level of 2 h PG ,HbAlc ,TC ,TG of 38 cases were significantly lower than before ,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .01) .Conclusion Individualized diet intervention treatment in GDM patients shows obvious effect .

恶性黑色素瘤的发病率和病死率在逐年增长，引发广泛关注。目前恶性黑色素瘤的治疗方式主要为手术、化疗和靶 向治疗，总体疗效极差。然而，PD-1抗体治疗恶性黑色素瘤的成功，使广大研究者把希望聚焦于生物免疫治疗。肿瘤浸润淋巴细 胞（tumor infiltrating lymphocyte，TIL）是从肿瘤组织分离出的淋巴细胞，经体外扩增后得到的能够杀伤肿瘤细胞的细胞群，具有 高杀瘤活性和高靶向性特点。临床试验研究发现，TIL对恶性黑色素瘤治疗效果显著且稳定，但其临床疗效尚未完全阐明。本文 对TIL免疫治疗的发展及其在恶性黑色素瘤治疗中的研究新进展作一综述，以期为恶性黑色素瘤的治疗提供新的策略。

The paper introduces the development of hematology analysis technique in recent 10 years,and mainly concentrates in WBC differential technique,the extended functions and automation.The clinical application of red cell volume distribution width,reticulated platelets and reticulocyte subpopulation are also described in the paper.The common problems in the usage of hematology analyzer and correction methods are pointed out.

Objective To check serum protein of children′s Hirschsprung′s disease(HD) and sift specific protein marker which was used in constructing of HD screening and early diagnosis of serum protein fingerprint model.Methods Surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry(SELDI-TOF-MS) was applied to detect protein mass spectrometry of serum specimens in 82 cases(HD group 42 cases,20 cases of other types of obstruction,healthy control group 20 cases) and data were analyzed by bioinformatics methods(support vector machine).Results 1.For HD group and healthy control group:selected 3 M/Z in 3 221.7,5 639.2,6 884.2 protein markers were selected,HD early screening and diagnostic model was established,3 markers in HD low expression,the expressions of them in HD group and healthy control group were 378.29?273.34,295.65?159.38,444.13?254.06 and 1 428.18?1 192.61,1 039.60?785.64,1 115.72?680.48,respectively.There were significant differences in two groups(Pa0.05).Conclusions The establishment of serum protein fingerprint model of HD by SELDI-TOF-MS support vector machine could screen and diagnose HD early,which is a new method of better specificity,high sensitivity and is worthy of further research and application.