Objective To investigate the low back pain(LBP)of clinic nurses and find out the understanding of related knowledge of LBP in nurses,and improve the occupational protection of nurses.Methods Investigation was carried out in 692 nurses by self-designed questionnaires.Results The incidence of LBP in nurses was 97.4%.The knowledge of LBP and the related occupational protection in nurses were greatly deficient.Conclusions The hospital should pay attention to the protection of LBP in nurses and improve their health.

Objective: To observe the effect of different caesalpinia sappan extract on the Mice thymus tissue, peripheral T-cell proliferation and the production of INF-?. Methods: To make preparation of different caesalpinia sappan extract and give them to the mice, weighing the mice thymus and calculating the thymus index 7 days later. The MTT method was used to measure the proliferation ability of T-cells of the mouse spleen. A double antibody sandwich ELISA was used to detect INF-? content in T-cells culture supernatant. Results: The different caesalpinia sappan extract not only have clear inhibitory effect on the weight of thymus but also have inhibitory effect on the proliferation of T-cells and the production of INF-?. The inhibitory effect of caesalpinia sappan ethanol extract and n-butanol extract on the T-cells is much stronger.

Objective To know the ability of degrading oxalate of three species of Lactic acid bacterium and their mixing bacteria coming from yoghurt in vivo culture broth. Methods Identifying the species of Lactic acid bacteria obtained from 6 brands of yoghurt.Three species of bacterium and their mixture was cultured separately for 72 h in MRS broth which contained three different concentration of ammonium oxalate,and the broth without inoculum of bacteria was prepared as a control.The concentration of ammonium oxalate in culture were detected. Results Three species of Lactic acid bacteria (L.bulgaria,L.acidophilus and L.thermophilus) were detected in every band of yoghurt.After 72 h incubation,the concentration of oxalate in all the broth containing bacteria was lower than that in the control ones.L.acidophilus showed the best degrading activity,and in the presence of ammonium oxalate 5 mmol/L,the 11.0% of oxalate was degraded by the bacteria.The higher concentration of oxalate was,the more the amount of oxalate degraded was,but the lower the percent of degrading was. Conclusions All the species coming from yoghurt have the ablitiy of oxalate degrading which become greater as the increasing of the concentration of oxalate in culture.

OBJECTIVE: To provide references for domestic drug manufacturing enterprises' participation in laboratory accreditation as well as the enhancing of drug analysis capability. METHODS: Both international and domestic laboratory-ratified standards, the importance of laboratory accreditation and drug manufacturing enterprises' participation in laboratory accreditation were expounded. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: Domestic drug manufacturing enterprises' participation in laboratory accreditation is conducive to the enhancing of their drug analysis capability.

OBJECTIVE:To provide references for Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises in developing commissioning manufacture of overseas drugs.METHODS:The registration system of medicine commissioning manufacture in China,Japan and other countries were compared.The current status of Chinese drugs commissioning manufacture and the feasibility for Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises to gain commissioning manufacture of overseas drugs were analyzed.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Both the government and pharmaceutical enterprises in China should take advantage of the amendment of the pharmaceutical affairs Law in Japan to contribute to the development of commissioning manufacture of overseas drugs.

Objective: To determine the maximal tolerance of Xunengda Tablets on mice and explore curative effects of its antithrombotic effect and provide the theoretical basis for selecting drugs. Methods:Mice were given maximal dose, 26g?kg -1 of body weight, XND Ig once; Divided 53 mice into five groups, they were administered XND tab.(3g?kg -1 ), RSC(1.25g?kg -1 ), CDDP(1.25g?kg -1 ), XSTL(2.5g?kg -1 ), and NS once daily for 7 days, repectively; 1h after treatment the seventh day, the animals of groups iv. were given collagen adr by producing whole organism thrombus, observing the mortality, They were determined coagulation time with the blood capillaries and the number of writhings per mouse was recorded in order to determine pain. Results:Maximal tolerance (Ig) is 26g?kg -1 , 886.7 times the dose of clinical application apart from XSTL, three kinds of drug showed the avidence of antithrombotic effect ( P

Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Pathology, Clinical ; instrumentation ; methods ; trends ; Referral and Consultation ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Telepathology ; instrumentation ; methods ; trends

Objective To investigate cell's viability and functions when human hepatocyte cell HepG2 and microcarriers were embedded in collagen gel and cultured in vitro.Methods Ultrasound concussion crushing method was used to get nanofiber microcarrier.HepG2 and microcarriers were embedded in collagen gel and cultured in 12 d.The albumin (ALB),urea and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in the nutrient solution were measured.Results The cells in nanofiber nanofiber microcarrier/collagen gel group were gathered around the microcarrier and formatted aggregates,the ALB and urea levels increased steadily and reached maximum in day 9,then decreased; In collagen gel without nanofiber microcarrier group cells uniformly distributed,the ALB and urea levels reached maximum in day 3,then decreased rapidly,and on day 6 majority of cells dead.Conclusion Gel entrapped nanofiber microcarriers and hepatoeytes is a high-density and longtime culture method which can possibly be used in the bioartificial liver system.

Objective To evaluate the value of different methods of hormone measurement and image study before surgery.Methods We retro spectively reviewed 99 patients with insulinoma confirmed by pathological report after surgery in the PUMC Hospital from December 1989 to August 2005.Results The main clinical manifestations were hypoglycemia coma,weight gain,perspiration,disorientation,hypomnesis,and dizziness.The sensitivity of diagnosis of insulinoma with fasting blood-glucose less than 2.78 mmol/L was 66.6%.The ratio of serum insulin to blood-glucose greater than 0.3 when hypoglycemia attacks was 90% sensitive.The sensitivity of perfusion CT was highest which was 100%.Conclusion Typical “Whipple's triad” and the ratio of serum insulin to blood-glucose greater than 0.3 when hypoglycemia attacks are best for the qualitative diagnosis of insulinoma.Perfusion CT has the best sensitivity and specificity among image studies currently used.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has become a leading cause of irreversible visual loss in senior population with serious influence to their ability of living independently.Epidemiological researches have revealed various risk factors of AMD,some of which are not controllable such as age,heredity and race ;while others are modifiable such as lifestyle,eye conditions and other systemic diseases.However,the awareness of AMD risk factors is alarmingly low in public.Meanwhile,the understanding of AMD risk factors among ophthalmologists is also unsatisfactory.Therefore,the risk factors of AMD are reviewed here in order to improve the understanding of the ophthalmologists and better guide the clinical management of AMD.