Animals ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Phytotherapy ; Wound Healing

Objective To investigate the mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP) infection of the respiratory tract infection in children,the macrolide-resistant situation and resistance mechanism of MP. Methods The cultured throat swab specimens were obtained from 80 pediatric outpatients with respiratory tract infection from Dec.2008 to Mar.2009 in Beijing friendship hospital.The 23S rRNA gene of throat swab specimens and positive-cultured specimens were amplified using nested-PCR,and the products were further verified by electrophoresis and DNA sepuencing,which were collected from the outpatients.The specimens were divided into 2 groups depending on the findings of the gene sequencing whether they had gene mutation:sensitive and resistance group.The DNA sequence of samples were compared to the sequence of MP reference strain in genbank in order to findout MP drug resistant gene.The differences in macrolids therapy were investigated between 2 groups before the throat swab obtained.The drug resistance rates were compared between outpatients and inpatients. Results Thirty-two throat swab specimens were proved to be MP by direct nested-PCR,and 8 throat speeimens were proved to be MP by isolation and culrures.Total 33 cases(including 1 was positive-culture but nagative-direct PCR) were proved to be MP positive.Sixteen were identical to the M129 standard sequence,and 17 had point mutation in gene of 23S rRNA V region.Ten had A to G mutation at position 2063,3 had A to G mutation at position 2064,2 had A to G mutation at position 2067,1 had G to A mutation at position 2062,1 had A to T mutation at position 2063.There was no significant difference between the sensitive and resistance group in whether had macrolids before the throat swab obtained(P =0.909).And there was no significant difference in MP drug resistance rate between outpatients and inpatients(P =0.459). Conclusions The major mutation were A2063G and A2064G,and A2063T,A2067G,G2062A were newly found mutation points which were possibly related to macrolids resistance.

Tacrolimus is a novel immunosuppressant used in the treatment of a variety of autoimmune diseases.More and more studies have shown that tacrolimus has a certain therapeutic effect on myasthenia gravis (MG).This article reviews the mechanism,clinical researches,adverse reactions,dosage and clinical evaluation of tacrolimus in the treatment of MG.

BACKGROUND:There is a lack of safe and effective modular lentivectors in differentiation regulation of embryonic stem cel s. OBJECTIVE:To construct a modular lentivector, Puro-Nanog-hrGFP, with Nanog promoter-control ed humanized renil a reniformis green fluorescent protein (hrGFP) and puromycin and to observe the expression of Nanog during the differentiation of Nanog-hrGFP-transfected mouse embryonic stem cel lines. METHODS:After PCR amplification, Nanog, hrGFP and entry vector were recombined into the pDest-puro vectors to generate the lentiviral expression vector, Puro-Nanog-hrGFP, by the LR reaction. Through lentivirus production, transduction and puromycin screening, the transduced cel lines with Nanog-hrGFP gene were generated and identified. Expression of Nanog during the differentiation of transgenic mouse cel lines was detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The lentiviral expression vectors Puro-Nanog-hrGFP were constructed successful y by Gateway technology, and then the transducted cel lines were obtained by lentiviral infection. The expression of Nanog was gradual y decreased during the process of transgenic cel lines differentiation, which provides a new tool for further investigation on regulation of stem cel differentiation.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; CpG Islands ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p15 ; genetics ; DNA Methylation ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; genetics ; Male ; Promoter Regions, Genetic

Fura—2 was used as a Ca~(2+) indicator to determine the intracellular calcium ion concentra-tion(〔Ca~(2+)〕i)of rat peritoneal macrophages(RPM?s),and APAAP enzyme immnoassay was ap-plied to detect the expression of Ia antigens on RPM?s.The results showed that norepinephrine(NE,10~(-9)mol/L)could markedly increase the〔Ca~(2+)〕i of the RPM?s(p

Objective The purpose of this study was to edit and psychometrically equate a set of Mandarin bisyllabic word lists. Methods 964 bisyllabjc words were recorded by male talker of standard Mandarin,352 words were selected to compose 10 lists. Percentage of correct word recognition was measured for each word at four intensity levels using 20 normal hearing subjects. The order of the presentation of the lists was randomized for each subject. U-sing Statistica7.0 Performance-Intensity function for each word was plotted,slopes and thresholds of them were calculated. 242 words were chosen after that, The thresholds and slopes of these words were in Guassian distribution. These words were ligitally adjusted and included in six Mandarin bisyllabic word lists of 40 words each. Two of them were for practice, four of them for test. 36 subjects with normal hearing served in our equivalent test. The orders of the presentation of the lists were randomized far each subject and results were expressed as thresholds. Results Two-factor ANO-VA was used to compare the thresholds of the 4 lists, F=1.978,P = 0.209. Conclusion These lists were considered to be primarily equivalent with each other.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate digital rectal examination (DRE) , transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) , free/total (f-PSA/ t-PSA) prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and PSA density (PSAD) in the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) in patients with PSA < or = 4.0 microg/L.

METHODSBetween April 1996 and December 2012, a total of 343 subjects, aged 30 -91 years, with PSA < or =4.0 microg/L and abnormal findings on DRE or TRUS underwent prostatic biopsy. Based on the levels of PSA, the subjects were divided into four groups: 0 -1.0, 1.1 -2. 0, 2.1 -3. 0, and 3.1 -4.0 microg/L. The diagnostic values of DRE, TRUS, f-PSA/t-PSA, and PSAD were assessed in those with different PSA levels. According to the age, the subjects were again divided into five groups: C49 yr, 50 -59 yr, 60 -69 yr, 70 -79 yr, and > 80 yr. The rates of PCa detection in relation to PSA levels were estimated in different age groups.

RESULTSOf the 343 subjects, 65 (19.0% ) were diagnosed with PCa, with detection rates of 16.28% (21/129) , 17. 17% (17/99), 21.82% (12/55), and 25.00% (15/60) in those with the PSA levels of 0 -1.0, 1.1 -2.0, 2.1 -3.0, and 3.1 -4.0 microg/L, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in f-PSA/t-PSA between the PCa patients and non-PCa subjects with the PSA level > 2.0 microg/L (P <0.05) , but not with the PSA level < or =2.0 microg/L (P > 0.05) , nor did PSAD show any significant difference between the PCa and non-PCa groups ([0.09+/-0. 16] versus [0. 06 +/- 0. 07] micro/L/ml, P > 0. 05). The rate of cancer detection rose -with the elevation of the PSA level, but had no statistically significant difference among different age groups (P >0.05).

CONCLUSIONPSA 2.1 -4.0 microg/L with abnormal DRE and TRUS findings should be considered as a warning signal, which requires regular follow-up and PSA detection. With f-PSA/t-PSA <0. 15 with or without abnormal DRE and TRUS findings, routine prostate biopsy should be performed. PCa diagnosis cannot be effectively established by DRE, TRUS, f-PSA/t-PSA, and PSAD in those with PSA < or = 2.0 microg/L.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostate ; pathology ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology

Objective To explore the impact of pre-setted generation adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction Veo (ASiR-V) on chest CT radiation dose and image quality.Methods The chest model and 120 patients (divided into 6 groups,each n=20) were scanned by GE Revolution CT under the condition of pre-setted ASiR-V weights for 0,20％,40％,60％,80％ and 100％ respectively.The tube voltage was 120 kV,the tube current was automated mAs (Smart mA10-500) technology,the noise index was 11.The dose-length product of each chest model group and patients group were record,the effective dose (ED) of each group was calculated and compared.The image quality among groups through combining the objective CT and standard deviation (SD) values of different organizations (lung tissue,the soft tissue near by spine,the aorta and vertebral body) in chest model and the image subjective rating of patients were compared,and the subjective score of patients' images was also compared among groups.Results With the increase of pre-setted ASiR-V,the ED of chest model and patients reduced as a logarithmic fitting,there are no obvious changes of the CT value and image noise SD value of different organizations in model.The subjective score of mediastinal and pulmonary window was begin to decline at 40％ weighted ASiR-V.The subjective score of mediastinal and pulmonary window descend obviously at 60％ weighted ASiR-V compare to 40％ (P＜0.05).ED of pre-setted 40％ weighted ASiR-V reduced to 57.21％ compared to that of 0 weighted ASiR-V.Conclusion The pre-setted ASiR-V can reduce the radiation dose,and does not affect the objective image quality at the same time.The pre-setted 40 ％ weighted ASiR-V has the highest clinical application value due to the radiation dose can be obviously reduced with ensuring the image quality,which can meet the demand of diagnosis.

The purpose of this study is to prepare galactosyl modified lipid bilayer-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (GPEM) to enhance the antitumor efficacy against hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The irinotecan (CPT-11) loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) was coated with the Gal-P123 modified functional lipid bilayer by thin-film dispersion method. Nanoparticles were characterized with particle size, zeta potential, morphology and drug release in vitro. Afterwards, the cell uptake, intracellular concentration of CPT-11, cell apoptosis rate and cytotoxicity were evaluated on human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Huh-7. The results showed that MSNs were coated with intact lipid bilayers and the nanoparticles had clear core-shell structure. GPEM is stable with the mean particle size of (78.01 +/- 2.04) nm. The low leakage rate in normal physiological conditions in vitro is contributed to the protection of stable lipid bilayer, and the fast drug release in acid environment due to the destruction of the lipid bilayer. On the cell level, the vector could improve the intracellular CPT-11 concentration by 4 times because of the functional lipid bilayer. The high CPT-11 concentration led to the increasement of apoptosis rate by 48.6%, and the reduction of half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of CPT-11 by 2 times, indicating stronger cell cytotoxicity.
Antineoplastic Agents ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Apoptosis ; Camptothecin ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Drug Carriers ; chemistry ; Drug Delivery Systems ; methods ; Humans ; Lipid Bilayers ; chemistry ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Nanoparticles ; chemistry ; Particle Size ; Silicon Dioxide ; chemistry