Objective To explore the effect of community family nursing intervention on glycemic control of type 2 diabetic patients. Methods Ninety-two patients with type 2 diabetes after discharge in 6 communities of Tianhe District in Guangzhou were divided into a study group and a control group , 46 cases in each . The control group received routine care , while patients in the study group received additional community family nursing intervention, including personalized health education, diabetes family day and sharing, telephone follow-up and family home visits. The fasting plasma glucose, 2h-postprandial glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c were compared. Results There were no significant differences in fasting plasma glucose, 2h-postprandial glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (all P>0.05). After intervention, there were significant differences in the three eridoxes between the two groups(all P<0.05). Conclusion The community family nursing intervention is of great importance to control the blood glucose, improve the therapeutic compliance and self-management ability in patients with type 2 diabetes.

With the deeper understanding of tumor , more and more evidence indicates that the occurrence and development of tumors are closely related to the body′s immune function .More and more researches focus on tumor immunology to find an effective way of enhancing anti-tumor immunity . Radiotherapy has played an important role in anti-tumor immunity recently though it was believed as a traditional treatment for cancer before .Radiotherapy could convert a cold tumor into a hot tumor, which might ameliorate immune suppressive microenvironment , improve tumor immunogenicity and activate the cellular immune response .However, the abscopal effectof single radiotherapy is very rare . Immunotherapy is capable of enhancing the immune response produced by radiotherapy .In this paper , the basic theory and clinical practice of radiotherapy and immunotherapy were reviewed and the related clinical strategies were summarized .

Objective To establish a cell culture method for differentiation of keratinocyte in serum free medium mediated by the Ca 2+ concentration. Methods Keratinocytes were cultured in serum and Ca 2+ free keratinocyte growth medium (KGM). Differentiation of keratinocytes was regulated by the change of Ca 2+ concentration in medium, and the expression of K10 and tPA that is elevated in psoriasis were detected by immunocytochemistry (ICC). Results When Ca 2+ concentration in medium was 0.09 mmol/L, keratinocytes were in the state of undifferentiation, K10 expression was negative, and tPA expressed weakly. When cells were exposed to 1.5 mmol/L Ca 2+ medium, terminal differentiation of keratinocyte was induced, K10 expression was positive, and tPA expression was significantly increased. Conclusion The changes of Ca 2+ concentration in mediating the keratinocyte differentiation can be used in the study on keratinocyte differentiation in KGM.

Objective To explore the annexinⅡexpression in the differentiation of human epidermal keratinocytes. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect annexinⅡexpression in early, middle, late human embryonic skin and adult skin, respectively. Results The expression of annexinⅡ in embryonic epidermis was significantly increased with the development of embryo and annexin Ⅱ expressed much higher in adult epidermis than in embryonic epidermis. Annexin Ⅱ localized in the membrane of keratinocyte, mainly in suprabasal, the more differentiated layers of the epidermis. Conclusion Annexin Ⅱ may be involved in regulating the differentiation of human epidermal keratinocytes.

Objective To measure the expression of TGF-β1 in the sera of patients with psoriatic arthritis and its significance.Methods The serum level of TGF-β1 was measured in 38 patients with psoriatic arthritis and 80 patients with psoriasis vulgaris.Results A significant difierence was observed between the patients with psoriatic arthritis and those with psoriasis vulgaris(375.92±95.883 pg/ml vs.510.78±167.967 pg/ml,t=4.60,P<0.01).Conclusion Continuous monitoring of serum levels of TGF-β1 may help clinicians to take precautions against osteoporosis in patients with psoriatic arthritis.

Objective To adapt the upper extremity functional index (UEFI) to Chinese and assess the reliability and validity of the Chinese version.Methods The index items were translated into Chinese,back translated into English,and revised by experts in rehabilitation.Twenty-five patients with upper extremity trauma were then recruited to complete two UEFI questionnaires on two occasions 1 week apart as a field test.They also completed a disability of arm,shoulder and hand (DASH) questionnaire on the first occasion.Results Some adjustments were made to the translations based on cultural and linguistic practices.Cronbach's alpha for the final version was 0.93 and the total inter-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.97.The ICCs of the individual items ranged from 0.56 to 0.94.The Pearson correlation coefficient between the UEFI and DASH questionnaires was-0.86.Conclusions The Chinese version of the UEFI scale is reliable and valid.It can be used for study and in the clinical evaluation of upper extremity function.

Objective The purpose of this study was to discuss the effect of visible light therapeutic equipment accompanied with electrolyzed-oxiding water (EOW) on pressure ulcer above the second phase. Methods We divided 44 patients with pressure ulcer above the second phase into the test group (23 cases, 28 spots) and the control group (21 cases, 25 spots). The test group received local decompression, debridement with EOW, exposure to visible light for 20 minutes, 10 times per day. The control group adopted local decompression, debridement with normal saline and local application of burn cream, 3 times per day. Results The effective rate of the test group was apparently higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The healing time was also shorter than that of the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion Treatment of pressure ulcer above the second phase with visible light therapeutic equipment accompanied with electrolyzed-oxiding water proved to be an effective treatment method.

After the connotation of the standard system for digitalization of ancient medical documents was analyzed, its construction principles were elaborated with measures proposed for how to construct it.

Objective To discuss the nursing management method in the cardiovascular intensive care unit. Methods The management evaluation standard was set up and the comprehensive evaluation of quality (CEQ) was introduced according to factors influencing nursing quality. Results The nursing quality control data and complications after operation before and after the application of CEQ were statistically different. Conclusions Nursing management should innovate unceasingly and comprehensive quality evaluation is one of the effective nursing management method.

Objective To analyze the clinical characters in old patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods The clinical data of 426 patients undergoing CABG from January 2000 to April 2009 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. One hundred eighteen patients were 70-82 years old (older group), 308 patients were 24-69 years old (younger group). The perioperative risk factors, surgical complication and outcomes between the two groups were compared.Results The older group had higher incidences of post-operative complications than younger group.Pre-operative risk factors included the female, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, peripheral vessel disease, New york heart association(NYHA) class Ⅳ, unstable angina requiring intravenous nitrates until arrival in the anaesthetic room, left ventricular ejection fraction ＜30%. The older group showed higher incidences of postoperative severe complication, operative mortality, and more grafts and longer time in intensive care unit (ICU), and had lower incidents of valve disease and less use of left internal mammary artery [16 patients (13. 6%) vs. 152 patients (49.4%), all P＜0. 05].Conclusions The many CABG risk factors in China are different from those in the western countries.Although the higher incidents of postoperative severe complication and higher operative mortality are found in the older patients, the recovery period after operation isn't obviously prolonged. The operative outcomes are satisfactory.