Objective To evaluate the effect of Rab23 on the proliferation of a squamous cell carcinoma cell line Sa3,and to investigate its mechanisms.Methods Cultured Sa3 cells were classified into four groups:normal control group transfected with green fluorescent protein (GFP),Rab23-overexpressing group transfected with a GFP-labelled Rab23-overexpressing plasmid,Rab23-silencing group transfected with a plasmid carrying a Rab23-targeting shRNA,empty vector group transfected with an empty vector.After additional culture for different durations,plate colony formation assay and flow cytometry were performed to evaluate the proliferative activity of Sa3 cells,and Western blot was conducted to detect the expression of Erl/phosphorylated-Erk in Sa3 cells.Statistical analysis was carried out by t test,one-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni's multiple comparison test.Results Stable Sa3 cell lines with overexpression or silencing of Rab23 were established by plasmid construction and lentivirus-mediated transfection.The plate colony formation assay showed that the colony formation rate was significantly lower in the Rab23-overexpressing group than in the normal control group (2.3％ ± 0.2％ vs.3.6％ ± 0.3％,P ＜ 0.05),but higher in the Rab23-silencing group than in the empty vector group (4.1％ ± 0.2％ vs.1.8％ ± 0.03％,P ＜ 0.01).Rab23 overexpression induced G1 phase arrest in Sa3 cells.The proliferation index was significantly decreased in the Rab23-overexpressing group compared with the normal control group (0.581 ± 0.035 vs.0.698 ± 0.018,P ＜ 0.05),but increased in the Rab23-silencing group compared with the empty vector group (0.567 ± 0.015 vs.0.444 ± 0.014,P ＜ 0.01).As Western blot showed,there were no significant changes in the expression of Erk in the Rab23-silencing or-overexpressing group compared with the normal control group,whereas the expression of p-Erk was attenuated in the Rab23-overexpressing group compared with the normal control group,but enhanced in the Rab23-silencing group compared with the empty vector group.Conclusions Rab23 could inhibit the proliferation of Sa3 cells,which may be associated with the Erk pathway.

BACKGROUND:Surgical treatment is often required for fractures of the cervical vertebrae. Anterior interbody fusion technology is stil the main method for the treatment of cervical degeneration or traumatic instability. Here, the self-made oval al ogeneic bone pad can adapt to different height and width of the intervertebral space, in line with the physiological shape of the intervertebral space. OBJECTIVE:By comparison with autogenous iliac crest bone, to evaluate various types of self-designed al ogeneic bone pads on anterior cervical interbody fusion. METHODS:From January 2009 to December 2013, 58 patients with cervical disc herniation were enrol ed and subjected to cervical discectomy and anterior cervical interbody fusion. According to different bone grafts, these patients were divided into al ogeneic bone pad and autogenous iliac bone groups. The course of disease was 12 to 24 months. The postoperative effect was measured by Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, cervical fusion rate, fusion time, operative time, blood loss and rejection rate. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 6 months postoperatively, the JOA score of two groups had no significant difference at 6 months after treatment (P>0.05);the cervical fusion rates were 83.7%and 87.8%, respectively, in the al ogeneic bone pad and autogenous iliac bone groups, with no significant difference (P>0.05). Fusion time was higher in the al ogeneic bone pad than in the autogenous iliac bone group (P<0.05). The internal fixators in the two groups were firmed without loosening, and there was no rejection during the fol ow-up. Compared with the autogenous iliac crest bone, anterior cervical interbody fusion with al ogeneic bone pad can achieve satisfactory effects, which can be better for intervertebral fusion and cannot induce pain due to bone cutting.

Objective To analyze the clinical features of 35 cases of Kennedy's disease and the correlation be?tween clinical features and CAG repeat size to strengthen the understanding of KD and to avoid misdiagnosis and delayed diagnosis.Methods Clinical data, including clinical signs and symptoms ,serum lipid, serum sex hormone level, electro?myography, the number of CAGs and (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis muscular atrophy,ALS) rating scale were collected from 35 patients genetically diagnosed of Kennedy disease and proceed system analysis. Results Patients with KD were adult onset with the average age of (40.77 ± 8.57) years and the average confirmed course were (8.32 ± 4.17) years. Forty-two point nine percent of the patients had family history. Clinical features included medulla oblongata and spinal muscular atrophy and weakness, limbs tremor, perioral muscles twitch and endocrine function and metabolic disorders in some cases. Creatine kinase, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, follicle estrogen and prolactin were significantly in?creased compared to healthy adults (P:0.000,0.018,0.000,0.000,0.003). The number of CAG repeat was negatively correlated with the onset age (r=-0.549, P=0.001) but not associated with the illness severity (ALS rating scale) (r=0.001, P=0.998). ALS score was negatively correlated with course of disease(r=-0.540, P=0.001).Conclusions Chinese KD pa? tients share similar clinical phenotypes with those of other races but exhibit slightly different clinical characteristics. The length of the CAG repeat influences age at onset but not the severity of disease. Severity of disease is related to the course of disease.

Objective To describe the clinical features, differential diagnosis and therapeutic method of Madras motor neuron disease (MMND) to improve the understanding of MMND. Methods We retrospectively summarized the clinical data of 3 MMND patients. and conducted the related literature review to compare the similarities and differences on clinical features between our cases and foreign MMND patients. Results Patients in the present study were adult-on?set without definite family history. The main manifestations were multiple lower cranial nerve palsies along with weakness and wasting of proximal limbs. Bifacial palsy and dysarthria were most presented in patients, while definite hearing im?pairment was rarely seen. Two patients had fasciculation and atrophy in tongue and one presented with dysphagia. Weak?ness and atrophy were more frequently presented in upper extremities than in lower limbs. All patients had signs of upper motor neuron damage. The level of creatine kinase (CK) moderately increased in one case. Electromyography (EMG) de?tected a widespread neuronal damage in all patients. MMND should be differentiated from Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Kennedy Disease and Brown–Vialetto–van Laere Syndrome. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy showed effective in some cases to some extent. Compare to foreign MMND patients, bifacial weakness at onset was more frequently presented in our patients, but hearing impairment was absent. Conclusion The clinical features of MMND include weakness and at?rophy of limbs, involvement of facial and bulbar muscles, pyramidal dysfunction and hearing impairment. Some clinical manifestations of our patients are different from foreign MMND patient.

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of spine subtle adjusting manipulation for postpartum low back pain (PLBP). Methods: A total of 76 patients with PLBP were randomized into a control group and a treatment group, with 38 cases in each group. The control group was treated with core muscle strengthening exercises, and the treatment group was treated with spine subtle adjusting manipulation. After 3 weeks of treatment, the clinical efficacy was observed, and the visual analog scale (VAS) score and Oswestry disability index (ODI), and the changes of lumbar Cobb angle and pelvic rotation were compared between the two groups. Results: The total effective rate of the treatment group was 92.1％, and that of the control group was 78.9％. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the VAS score and ODI in both groups decreased, and the intra-group differences were all statistically significant (P<0.05). There were no intra-group statistical differences in the lumbar Cobb angle or pelvic rotation in the two groups (P>0.05). After treatment, there were no statistical differences in the lumbar Cobb angle or pelvic rotation between the two groups (P>0.05); the VAS score and ODI in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Spine subtle adjusting manipulation can effectively relieve the pain for patients with PLBP, and improve their daily activity function.

To comprehensively evaluate the human body's respiratory, circular metabolism and other functions, and to diagnose lung disease, an accurate and reliable pulmonary function test (PFT) is developed. The system is divided into two parts:hardware and software. It realizes the collection of respiratory, pulse oxygen, carbon dioxide, oxygen and other signals, and draws flow-volume curve (FV curve), volume-time curve (VT curve), respiratory waveform, pulse wave, carbon dioxide and oxygen waveform in real time on the upper computer of the PFT system, and conducts signal processing and parameter calculation for each signal. The experimental results prove that the system is safe and reliable, it can accurately measure the basic functions of human body, and provide reliable parameters, and has good application prospects.
Humans ; Carbon Dioxide ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Oxygen ; Heart Rate

Background: The genetic basis for hyperglycaemia in pregnancy remain unclear. This study aimed to uncover the genetic determinants of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and investigate their applications. Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for GDM in Chinese women (464 cases and 1,217 controls), followed by de novo replications in an independent Chinese cohort (564 cases and 572 controls) and in silico replication in European (12,332 cases and 131,109 controls) and multi-ethnic populations (5,485 cases and 347,856 controls). A polygenic risk score (PRS) was derived based on the identified variants. Results: Using the genome-wide scan and candidate gene approaches, we identified four susceptibility loci for GDM. These included three previously reported loci for GDM and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at MTNR1B (rs7945617, odds ratio [OR], 1.64; 95% confidence interval [CI],1.38 to 1.96]), CDKAL1 (rs7754840, OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.58), and INS-IGF2-KCNQ1 (rs2237897, OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.23 to 1.79), as well as a novel genome-wide significant locus near TBR1-SLC4A10 (rs117781972, OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.61 to 2.62; Pmeta=7.6×10-9), which has not been previously reported in GWAS for T2DM or glycaemic traits. Moreover, we found that women with a high PRS (top quintile) had over threefold (95% CI, 2.30 to 4.09; Pmeta=3.1×10-14) and 71% (95% CI, 1.08 to 2.71; P=0.0220) higher risk for GDM and abnormal glucose tolerance post-pregnancy, respectively, compared to other individuals. Conclusion Our results indicate that the genetic architecture of glucose metabolism exhibits both similarities and differences between the pregnant and non-pregnant states. Integrating genetic information can facilitate identification of pregnant women at a higher risk of developing GDM or later diabetes.

At present, effective reconstruction of the integrity and functionality of damaged skin tissue remains an important medical problem in the field of wound repair. In recent years, the rapid development of nanozymes and tissue engineering scaffolds in the field of regenerative medicine has made it possible to develop new skin wound repair materials. Based on the process of skin wound repair and regeneration, this review briefly describes the nanozymes and its catalytic mechanism. At the same time, the common tissue engineering scaffolds loaded with nanozymes and their manufacturing strategies are introduced, the application of tissue engineering scaffolds loaded with nanozymes during the stages of anti-bacteria and anti-inflammation in the process of wound repair is summarized, and their future development direction is discussed.

Background: The genetic basis for hyperglycaemia in pregnancy remain unclear. This study aimed to uncover the genetic determinants of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and investigate their applications. Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for GDM in Chinese women (464 cases and 1,217 controls), followed by de novo replications in an independent Chinese cohort (564 cases and 572 controls) and in silico replication in European (12,332 cases and 131,109 controls) and multi-ethnic populations (5,485 cases and 347,856 controls). A polygenic risk score (PRS) was derived based on the identified variants. Results: Using the genome-wide scan and candidate gene approaches, we identified four susceptibility loci for GDM. These included three previously reported loci for GDM and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at MTNR1B (rs7945617, odds ratio [OR], 1.64; 95% confidence interval [CI],1.38 to 1.96]), CDKAL1 (rs7754840, OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.58), and INS-IGF2-KCNQ1 (rs2237897, OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.23 to 1.79), as well as a novel genome-wide significant locus near TBR1-SLC4A10 (rs117781972, OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.61 to 2.62; Pmeta=7.6×10-9), which has not been previously reported in GWAS for T2DM or glycaemic traits. Moreover, we found that women with a high PRS (top quintile) had over threefold (95% CI, 2.30 to 4.09; Pmeta=3.1×10-14) and 71% (95% CI, 1.08 to 2.71; P=0.0220) higher risk for GDM and abnormal glucose tolerance post-pregnancy, respectively, compared to other individuals. Conclusion Our results indicate that the genetic architecture of glucose metabolism exhibits both similarities and differences between the pregnant and non-pregnant states. Integrating genetic information can facilitate identification of pregnant women at a higher risk of developing GDM or later diabetes.

Background: The genetic basis for hyperglycaemia in pregnancy remain unclear. This study aimed to uncover the genetic determinants of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and investigate their applications. Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for GDM in Chinese women (464 cases and 1,217 controls), followed by de novo replications in an independent Chinese cohort (564 cases and 572 controls) and in silico replication in European (12,332 cases and 131,109 controls) and multi-ethnic populations (5,485 cases and 347,856 controls). A polygenic risk score (PRS) was derived based on the identified variants. Results: Using the genome-wide scan and candidate gene approaches, we identified four susceptibility loci for GDM. These included three previously reported loci for GDM and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at MTNR1B (rs7945617, odds ratio [OR], 1.64; 95% confidence interval [CI],1.38 to 1.96]), CDKAL1 (rs7754840, OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.58), and INS-IGF2-KCNQ1 (rs2237897, OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.23 to 1.79), as well as a novel genome-wide significant locus near TBR1-SLC4A10 (rs117781972, OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.61 to 2.62; Pmeta=7.6×10-9), which has not been previously reported in GWAS for T2DM or glycaemic traits. Moreover, we found that women with a high PRS (top quintile) had over threefold (95% CI, 2.30 to 4.09; Pmeta=3.1×10-14) and 71% (95% CI, 1.08 to 2.71; P=0.0220) higher risk for GDM and abnormal glucose tolerance post-pregnancy, respectively, compared to other individuals. Conclusion Our results indicate that the genetic architecture of glucose metabolism exhibits both similarities and differences between the pregnant and non-pregnant states. Integrating genetic information can facilitate identification of pregnant women at a higher risk of developing GDM or later diabetes.