Objective To perform digital 3D measurement of anatomic parameters associated with vertebral units fixed by ribs and pedicle fixation of T4-T10,providing evidence for clinical application.Methods Spiral CT scan of T4-T10 vertebrae was conducted in 15 normal adults without spinal disorder.The data were imported into computer to establish units and disc models of thoracic and rib vertebrae T4-T10 using Mimics 16.0 software and Ansys 11.0 finite element software.The following data were measured in the vertebral pedicle-rib unit fixation group (group A) by software:transverse diameter of vertebral pedicle-rib unit,length of the outside pedicle screw,inclination angle of pedicle screw,and maximum and minimum inclination angles of pedicle screw;the following data were also measured in the pedicle fixation group (group B) by software:pedicle transverse diameter,length of pedicle screw,inclination angle of pedicle screw,and maximum and minimum inclination angles of pedicle screw.The corresponding parameters were compared between groups A and B.Results In both groups,the transverse diameters and screw lengths gradually increased with the increase in the vertebral sequence while the inclination angle of pedicle screw,and maximum and minimum inclination angles of pedicle screw decreased with the increase in the vertebral sequence.All the parameters in groups A were significantly larger than the corresponding ones in group B (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Of the spinal segment of T4-T10,the rib vertebral unit fixation can provide greater safe screw angles and screw diameters for clinical surgery.This is of vital significance for reducing the surgical complexity and improving screw prehension.

BACKGROUND:In recent years, neural stem cels are considered to be ideal for the treatment of spinal cord injury, but the proportion of its natural differentiation into neurons in the host body is relatively low, which severely restricts the therapeutic effect on spinal cord injury. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of erythropoietin on the differentiation of neural stem cels in vitro. METHODS:Under sterile condition, neural stem cels from the hippocampus of neonatal Wistar rats were isolated, cultured and identified by immunofluorescencein vitro. The third generation of neural stem cels were randomly divided into 0.5, 5, 50 U/mL erythropoietin groups and control group (with no erythropoietin). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, the differentiation rate of neural stem cels was significantly improved in the 0.5, 5, 50 U/mL erythropoietin groups (P< 0.05); moreover, the differentiation rate of neural stem cels in the 5, 50 U/mL erythropoietin groups was higher than that in the 0.5 U/mL erythropoietin group (P < 0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference between the 5, 50 U/mL erythropoietin groups (P > 0.05). These findings indicate that erythropoietin can effectively induce the differentiation of neural stem cels into neurons in vitro, and moreover, it can significantly improve the differentiation rate of neural stem cels into neurons.

Objective To investigate the instant clinical efficacy of intra-arterial infusion of fasudil combined with routine anti-vasospasm for symptomatic cerebral vasospasm (SCVS). Methods The clinical data of 21 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) due to ruptured aneurysm, who were admitted to authors' hospital during the period from May 2010 and February 2014, were retrospectively analyzed. The lesions included Fisher gradeⅡ(n=2), gradeⅢ (n=16) and gradeⅣ (n=3). Endovascular embolization of the aneurysm was carried out within 48 hours after the confirmation of the diagnosis with total cerebral DSA;no bleeding occurred during the operation and routine anti-vasospasm therapy was given. Within 4-9 days after the onset of the disease, all 21 patients presented SCVS. Half dose systemic heparinization, superselective intra-arterial infusion of fasudil (30 mg fasudil+250 ml saline, lasting for 30 min) were adopted. Reexamination of angiography performed at 15 min after fasudil infusion was employed, and the results were evaluated with NIHSS score by comparing the preoperative findings. Results Imaging examination performed after the treatment showed that significant improvement was obtained in 15 patients and no obvious changes in 6 patients. Clinical symptoms were remarkably improved in 11 patients, partially improved in 4 patients and remained unchanged in 6 patients. The mean NIHSS score was improved from preoperative 28.6 to postoperative 21.2. Conclusion For the treatment of symptomatic cerebral vasospasm, superselective intra-arterial infusion of fasudil is effective and safe, and it has good clinical application value.

Objective To investigate the impact of blood glucose level on the recurrence of liver cancer after laparoscopic surgery. Methods The clinical data of 98 patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma from January 2012 to January 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were treated by laparoscopic radical resection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients were divided into elevated blood glucose group (n = 23) and control group (n = 75) according to whether the fasting blood glucose was ≥6.1 mmol/L. The recurrence of liver cancer in 1 year and 2 years after operation was compared. The factors influencing the recurrence of liver cancer were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results The recurrence rates were 47.82% and 21.33% respectively in the patients with elevated blood glucose and the control group. The recurrence rates were 73.91% and 36.00%respectively in the 2-year postoperative patients with blood glucose and 1 year and 2 years. The recurrence rate was higher than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Logistic multivariate analysis showed that fasting blood glucose was high, Child-Pugh grade B, intraoperative blood transfusion, lymphatic invasion, high clinical pathology stage, postoperative alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) high, no postoperative adjuvant therapy (P < 0.05). Conclusion The recurrence rate of patients with elevated liver cancer after laparoscopic surgery is high, and fasting blood glucose is high, Child-Pugh grade is B grade, blood transfusion is high, there is lymphatic invasion, high clinical pathology stage after AFP high, no postoperative adjuvant therapy for its postoperative recurrence of risk factors, should strengthen the monitoring of high-risk patients, reduce postoperative recurrence rate.

The banana Fusarium wilt (BFW) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race4 (FocTR4) is difficult to control worldwide, which causes a huge economic losse to banana industry. The purpose of this study was to screen Trichoderma strains with antagonistic activity against FocTR4, to isolate and purify the active compound from the fermentation broth, so as to provide important biocontrol strains and active compound resources. In this work, Trichoderma strains were isolated and screened from the rhizosphere soil of crops, and the strains capable of efficiently inhibiting FocTR4 were screened by plate confrontation, and further confirmed by testing inhibition for the conidial germination and mycelial growth of FocTR4. The phylogenetic tree clarified the taxonomic status of the biocontrol strains. Moreover, the active components in the fermentation broth of the strains were separated and purified by column chromatography, the structure of the most active component was analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), the BFW control effect was tested by pot experiments. We obtained a strain JSHA-CD-1003 with antagonistic activity against FocTR4, and the inhibition rate from plate confrontation was 60.6%. The fermentation broth of JSHA-CD-1003 completely inhibited the germination of FocTR4 conidia within 24 hours. The inhibition rate of FocTR4 hyphae growth was 52.6% within 7 d. A phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the ITS and tef1-α gene tandem sequences, and JSHA-CD-1003 was identified as Trichoderma brevicompactum. Purification and NMR identification showed that the single active compound was trichodermin, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 25 μg/mL. Pot experiments showed that the fermentation broth of strain JSHA-CD-1003 was effective against BFW. The control rate of leaf yellowing was 47.4%, and the rate of bulb browning was 52.0%. Therefore, JSHA-CD-1003 effectively inhibited FocTR4 conidial germination and mycelium growth through producing trichodermin, and showed biocontrol effect on banana wilt caused by FocTR4, thus is a potential biocontrol strain.
Fusarium ; Musa ; Phylogeny ; Trichodermin ; Hypocreales