Objective To study the imaging manifestati ons and diagnostic evaluation of rounded atelectasis.Methods Imaging manifestation of round atelectasis in 4 c ases confirmed by pathology with complete clinical data,plain chest radiographs and CT were analysed.Results The lesions in 4 cases appeared as circular or el liptic masses with clear boundary,2.6～6.5 cm in diameter,located at subpleura o f lower lobule of lung,accompanied with pleural thickening.There was a acute angl e between the tumor and thickened pleura.The lucency of the lung adjacent to tum or incneased.The cordike structures consisted of blood vessels and bronchil ente red into tumors,which made the lateral boundary of tumor to hilum of lung obscur ed.“comet tail sign”and “air-brochogram sign”were seen in 3 cases.Conclusion The round atelectasis is of typical findings o n plain chest films and CT scans which play a very important role in diagnosis a nd differential diagnosis.

Objective: To investigate the value of short tandem repeat (STR) genotyping in the diagnostic workup of molar and non-molar gestations with correlation of histological characteristics. Methods: Six hundred and fifty-six cases were selected based on clinically suspected hydropic abortion and/or molar pregnancy from July 2015 to September 2017 at Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital. DNA was extracted from dissected chorionic villi and paired maternal endometrial FFPE tissue samples by Simplex OUP™ FFPE DNA Tissue Kit. STR genotyping was performed by PowerPlex 16 HS system. Results: DNA genotyping was informative in 649 of 656 cases, leading to identification of 215 hydatidiform mole gestations and 434 non-molar gestations. Most of non-molar gestations (375 cases, 86.4%) were diploid hydropic abortion. Various trisomy syndromes were found (53 cases, 12.2%), including trisomy 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 13, 16 and 21. Only 2(0.5%) digynic triploid gestations were detected. Moreover, 4 cases (0.9%) of uniparental disomies (homologous or heterologous) were found. There were 196 cases with histologic diagnostic suspicious of hydatidiform moles were accurate sub-classified. Among them, 59 cases hydatidiform moles were under-diagnosed as diploid hydropic abortions, and 28 cases diploid hydropic abortions were over-diagnosed as hydatidiform moles.Compared with partial moles(PHM), there were no specific histomorphological features between the various types of non-molar gestations and partial moles for definitive diagnostic separation. There was no significant difference in the expression of p57^kip2 among PHM, trisomy and diploid hydropic abortions group (P=0.247). Conclusions STR genotyping can distinguish non-molar gestations from early hydatidiform moles, and efficiently avoid misdiagnosis based only on histological evaluation. Therefore, using STR genotyping, not only can the overdiagnosis of non-molar pregnancy be avoided, but also individualized management can be offered to patients including monitoring of serum hCG.

Natural killer (NK) cells are an important part of the body's innate immune system. As the first line of defense against pathogens, they need to be transformed into a mature state under the control of various cell signaling molecules and transcription factors to play cytotoxic and immune regulatory roles. Under the interaction of activated receptors and inhibitory receptors, NK cells are activated to perform a direct cell killing effect by secreting perforin and granzyme, or indirectly eliminate pathogenic microorganisms in the body by secreting various cytokines, such as type I and type II interferons. These functions of NK cells play a very important role in antiviral and anti-autoimmune diseases, especially in anti-tumor.
Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural ; Interferon-gamma ; Apoptosis ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Cytokines