OBJECTIVE:To explore short-term efficacy and safety of early use of high-dose,medium-dose and low-dose ami-no acid in premature babies. METHODS:99 premature babies were selected and randomly divided into high-dose group,medi-um-dose group and low-dose group,with 33 cases in each group. 3 groups were given Amino acid injection,ivgtt,within 24 h af-ter birth,high-dose group was given 3 g/(kg·d),medium-dose group 2 g/(kg·d)and low-dose group 1 g/(kg·d);those dose in-creased by 0.5 g/(kg·d)day by day;predicted peak values of them were 3.5,3.5 and 3 g/(kg·d),respectively. Treatment courses of 3 groups lasted for 28 d. Health indexes,renal function indexes and blood indexes were observed in 3 groups. The occurrence of complications and ADR were recorded in 3 groups. RESULTS:2 cases withdrew from high-dose and low-dose groups. Hospital-ization stay,the time of body weight increasing to 2 500 g and the rate of body weight decreasing in high-dose group were signifi-cantly lower or shorter than in medium-dose and low-dose groups;the medium-dose group was significantly lower or shorter than the low-dose group,with statistical significance (P<0.05);the levels of creatinine,residual alkali,serum total bilirubin in high-dose group were significantly higher than medium-dose and low-dose groups,and the medium-dose group was significantly higher than the low-dose group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). The number of complications cases in high-dose group(11 cases)were significantly lower than in medium-dose group(20 cases)and low-dose group(26 cases),with statistical significance (P<0.05). No obvious ADR was found in 3 groups. CONCLUSIONS:High-dose of amino acid intravenous nutrition support in early stage can promote the recovery of nutrition state and healthy constitution in premature babies with good tolerance and safety.

Homeobox gene Six1,as a transcription factor has been proved to participate in most malignant tumors.Its overexpression is associated with the genesis and development of breast cancer intimately.Overexpression of Six1 in mammary cells is sufficient to induce activation of stem cells.Similarly,Six1-overexpressed tumors could activate the TGF-β pathway and Wnt/β-catenin pathway,lead to malignant transformation by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and mammary tumorigenesis.Research on the role of sixl will improve understanding the mechanisms of breast cancer initiation and development.

There are many problems about multiple breast cancer (MBC),such as whether it results from intramammary spread of a single tumor, or from two or more separate neoplastic events? Whether MBC has inferior outcome compared with unicentric lesions? Whether MBC is suit for conservative surgery and the sentinel lymph node biopsy, and so on. Thus: We reviewed the prospect for diagnosis and therapy of MBC.

Objective To investigate the effects of demethylating agent 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-CdR) on the biological behaviors and the expression of RASSF1A of lung carcinoma cells H460. Methods Lung carcinoma cell line H460 were treated with 5-Aza-CdR. Cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay and colony forming test. The methylation status of RASSF1A gene was detected by PCR. The expression of RASSF1A protein was measured by Western blotting, and the cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry. Results With 5-Aza-CdR treatment, the proliferation speed of H460 lung carcinoma cells was slowed down and the colony formation rate of H460 cells was decreased significantly compared with control group (38.5 %, 27.5 % and 60.5 % in 5-Aza-CdR 5 and 10 μmol/L groups and control group, respectively, P <0.05). The methylation degree in the promoter of RASSF1A gene was decreased and the expression of RASSF1A protein was detected after 5-Aza-CdR treatment. 5-Aza-CdR induced G1 phase arrest of the H460 cells. Conclusion The hypermethylation of CpG island in the promoter of RASSF1A gene results in the loss of RASSF1A protein expression in human Lung carcinoma cell line. The demethylating agent 5-Aza-CdR could restore RASSF1A gene expression.These findings provide theoretic evidence for clinical treatment of human lung carcinoma with demethylation agent 5-Aza-CdR.

Objective To investigate effective dosage of ACEI in renoprotective effect in primary glomerular dieases.Method In 154 patients with primary glomerular diseases,we performed a 4 month therapy,including 40 cases with high or low doses of captopril and 51 cases with high or low doses of cilazapril and 45 cases with high low doses of enalapril,and 18 cases with amlodipine as control.Mean arterial pressure (MAP),uninary protein,urinary albumin excretion rate and renal function were measured at basis and after 1,2,3,4 month of therapy,and ACE gene polymorphism was determined in these patients.Result 1.There were no difference on ACE gene polymorphism and diet protein and diet salt among control group and different ACEIs group;2.The antiproteinuria and the effect on renal function were same between patients with high and low dose of different ACEIs.Conclusion The low dose of ACEI has the same renoprotective effect as general dose in primary glomerular diseases.

Objective To investigate the effect of experimental benzolism on marrow eryghrocyte micromucleus.Methods Fifty male KunMingmice(KM)were randomly divided into 5 groups:one control group and four experimental groups with 10 mice in each group.The mice were injected subcutaneously with sodium chloride in control group and benzene in experimental groups on every Monday,Wednesday and Friday for four weeks.Four experimental groups were injected with a dosage of 0.5 ml/kg(group B1),1.0 nd/kg(group B2),1.5 ml/kg(group B3) and 2.0 ml/ks(group B4),respectively.Before and after injection of sodium chloride or benzene weekly.weight was measured,and the alteration of erythrocyte micronucleus in peripheral blood and marrow were detected.Results ① Compared to the control group,several indices were partly changed in B1 and B2 groups,while all indices changed significantly in group B3 and B4 groups four weeks after injection(P<0.01).②The erythrocyte micronucleus rate of experimental mice in peripheral blood and marrow showed ascending tendency with the extension of benzene injection phase,peak emerged in the third week and decreased in the fourth week.③In the 4th week,compared to the control group,the alteration of erythrocyte micronucleus in marrow in all experimental groups were significantly increaged(P<0.05).Conclusions Benzolism may induce the increasing of micronucleus rate of mature erythrocyte in peripheral blood and erythrocyte in marrow.which can be used to detect status of being restrained in marrow erythrocyte series.

[Objective]To explore the clinical character and the treatment method of wedge-shaped vertebral osteotomy,expanding bone graft and spanning segment pedicle screw-rod system fixation from posterior approach to the thoracolumbar kyphosis caused by old fracture.[Method]From June 2003 to May 2008,26 cases of kyphosis deformity at thoracolumbar segment were treated with wedge-shaped vertebral osteoctomy and long segment pedicle screw-rod internal fixation,including 19 males and 7 females and aging 16-45 years(average age:24.2 years).All kyphosis deformity were caused by old thoracolumbar fracture and patients suffered from back pain.The average disease history were 12.6 years.All the sigittal kyphosis Cobb's angles were more than 40 degree cases.Sixteen patients complicated with nervous symptom.Among them 18 cases were given wedge-shaped vertebral osteoctomy and long segment pedicle screw internal fixation,8 cases were given expanding bone graft in anterior of vertebra after osteotomy.The kyphosis angles from radiographs were given compared between pre-and postoperatively,and complications were given analysis too.[Result]Twenty-two patients had been followed up for 12-48 months(average time:34.6 months),all patients' kyphosis angles were corrected satisfactory,the extend of right angle were 86.45%?4.56%.Besides mesenteric artery compressed syndrome happened in 1 patient,other complication was rare.[Conclusion]This method can correct the kyphosis deformity immediately in operation,its correct extent is large,expanding bone graft in anterior of vertebra after osteotomy can reduce the spine shorten and spinal cord injury rate.

The authors adopted an auto control experimental research on 18 male adult dogs with 36 sides of femoral heads and necks which were divided into two groups. They were separately made models of old fracture of femoral neck and avascular necrosis of famoral head. Two wecks later, The free fibula with microvascular an astomosis was tranplanted. All experimental dogs were examined with X-ray, pathohitology, electron microscopy, 99~mTc-MDP scanning and tetracycling labeling after operation.The experiment showed that the free fibular graft with mierovascular anastomosis could provided a new system of vascula supply to the injured femoral head. The hard free fibula and the metallic internal fixation were inserted in femoral head and neck. After the Operation, in the fracture area the fibula formed a bone-bridge which not only diminished the stress force but also prevented rotation displacement of the bone fracture The periosteum of the transplanted fibula also took part in the repair course of avascular nerosis of femoral head.

Objective To study the effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) on in aged patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Methods Blood pressure and its mechanism 52 elderly patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis divided into two groups, HBP group (23 cases with hypertension) and NBP group(29 cases without hypertension). The plasma vasoactive substances were measured by radioimmunological methods. Fifteen cases in NBP group as EPO group were given a bolus of venous injection of rHuEPO (3 000 IU), others in NBP group (14 cases) were injected 0.9% saline as control group. The plasma vasoactive substances were assayed before and 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 30, 44 hours after therapy with or without rHuEPO. Results (1) The plasma dopamine (DA) in HBP group were significantly higher than that of NBP group. (2) Endothelin levels increased transiently but DA levels increased steadily in EPO group. Conclusions The study suggests that the effect of rHuEPO induced on hypertension in the elderly patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis is associated with the increasing plasma DA.

Objective To screen out useful monitors of heparin therapy in glomerular diseases.Methods In 40 diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients and 39 chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) patients,we implemented a bolus venous injection of heparin 1500 U,and measured the parameters of coagulation and fibrinolysis by ELISA at basis and 30 minutes,2 hours after injection.Result After injection with heparin,the levels of prothrombin fragment 1+2 (PF1+2),thrombi-antithrombin Ⅲ (TAT),fibrinopeptide A (FPA) and coagulative factor X (FX) activity significantly decreased,but the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and the other parameters of coagulation-fibrinolysis didn't change in either the DN patients or the CGN patients.Conclusion The level of PF1+2,TAT,FPA and XF activity are valuable monitors in heparin therapy.