OBJECTIVE: To analyze the factors and biological characteristics of infection after cochlear implantation so as to control the risk factors and improve the treatment of postoperative infection. METHOD: A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 316 patients receiving cochlear implantation from July 2001 to October 2011. RESULT: Postoperative infection was found in five of the 316 cases and one transferred case. The six cases recovered after clinical therapy without explantation. One case underwent explantation due to recurrent meningitis after implantation of 8 years later. CONCLUSION The pathogens of infection after cochlear implantation are staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, etc. The key infectious factor is the formation of bacterial biofilm, which can be removal by chemical agents to control the postoperative infection, especially the flap infection. It is not necessary to remove the artificial cochlea when the postoperative infection occurs. Positive perioperative interventions and postoperative infection control can improve the outcome of cochlear implantation.
Adolescent ; Aged ; Biofilms ; growth & development ; Cochlea ; Cochlear Implantation ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; microbiology ; Pseudomonas Infections ; etiology ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; physiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Staphylococcal Infections ; etiology ; Staphylococcus aureus ; physiology

Apoptotic bodies (ApoBDs) therapy is a novel and promising cell-free therapeutic strategy. However, the therapeutic mechanism and application of stem cells derived ApoBDs in tissue regeneration have not yet received adequate attention and research evidence. This review summarized the physiological and pathological effects, formation, release, enrichment and purification process of ApoBDs in detail. Furthermore, this review introduced the possible mechanism researches of stem cell-derived ApoBDs regulating regeneration of different organs and tissues, evaluated the possible strategies for their applications as drug delivery carrier, and prospected the development of the engineered modified ApoBDs in regenerative medicine.

Apoptotic bodies (ApoBDs) therapy is a novel and promising cell-free therapeutic strategy. However, the therapeutic mechanism and application of stem cells derived ApoBDs in tissue regeneration have not yet received adequate attention and research evidence. This review summarized the physiological and pathological effects, formation, release, enrichment and purification process of ApoBDs in detail. Furthermore, this review introduced the possible mechanism researches of stem cell-derived ApoBDs regulating regeneration of different organs and tissues, evaluated the possible strategies for their applications as drug delivery carrier, and prospected the development of the engineered modified ApoBDs in regenerative medicine.

Objective To investigate the clinical features, diagnosis and prognosis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss accompanied with inner ear hemorrhage.Methods Eleven cases of sudden sensorineural hearing loss accompanied with inner ear hemorrhage were retrospectively analyzed, including clinical manifestation, hematological and audiological examinations, as well as characteristics of inner ear three-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging (3D-FLAIR MRI).Results Eleven cases of sudden hearing loss with inner ear hemorrhage were accompanied by varying degrees of vertigo, lasting from several minutes to several hours, nine of whom had persistent tinnitus.The audiometry curves of the 11 cases included total deafness or flat descending type.The inner ear 3D-FLAIR MRI studies revealed abnormal high signals at different positions of the inner ear, one case with endolymphatic hydrops.After the treatment, seven cases were invalid, two cases had notable effect, and two cases were effective.Conclusions Abnormal high signals in the inner ear were sensitively detected by 3D-FLAIR MRI sequence, which was applied for the diagnosis of the sudden hearing loss accompanied with inner ear hemorrhage.The effect of conventional treatment was not good and the appropriate treatments for this type of sudden hearing loss need further investigation.