BACKGROUND: Herterologous antigen has strong immunogenicity and easily induces immunological response. Introduction of herterologous antigen into tumor may induce a serial of immunological reactions in the tumor and may reverse the immunosuppression of tumor microenvironment to treat tumor.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the antitumor efficacy of intratumoral injection of human erythrocyte membrane antigens in micebearing S180 sarcoma.METHODS: Kunming mice bearing S180 sarcoma model were established and treated with 5 g/L human erythrocyte membrane antigens suspension or normal saline for five days. Tumor volume was calculated before the first injection and 3, 7, and 14 days after the first injection. In addition, the tumor cells in combination with human erythrocyte membrane antigens group, the njectionof saline group (the control group), and the injection of human erythrocyte membrane antigens or saline group (pre-immunized by suspension of human erythrocyte of blood group type A). Another 60 mice bearing S180 sarcoma were established and subjected to the above pre-immunization and injection of saline or human erythrocyte membrane antigens. Six mice selected from each group were sacrificed 14 days after the first injection, and tumors were weighed, followed by histological examination. Survival of remainders in each group was observed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Tumor volumes in each group increased gradually. Tumor volumes in the human erythrocyte membrane antigens injection group, the tumor cells in combination with human erythrocyte membrane antigens group, and the human erythrocyte membrane antigens injection group (immunized) were smaller than the control group, Intratumoral injection of human erythrocyte membrane antigens significantly reduced tumor weights. Tumor necrosis, infiltration of inflammatory cells such as lymphocytes were observed in tumor tissues section examination following the intratumoral injection of human erythrocyte membrane antigens. The mouse survival time showed no statistical difference among different groups. Intratumoral injection of heteroloaous ervthrocvte membrane antiaens can inhibit tumor arowth of S180 sarcoma bearina mice.

The peptides molecular compositions and the amino acids component of the enzymolyzed protein of anchovy soluble peptides hydrolysed by pepsin and trypsin were assayed and determined by gel HPLC and amino acid analytical instrument.The molecular weight of the peptides is less than 7400, of which 1.74 percent is a large peptide chain with composition of 52~58 amino acids and 6600~7400 molecular weight,29.75 percent is a middle large peptide with 20~41 amino acids and 2500~5300 molecular weight , and 50 percent is a oligo-peptide with 2~10 amino acids and less than 1000 molecular weight. The proportion of total nitrogen to rree amino acid nitrogen is 25.9:1 in the hydrolysates. 96 pecent of amino acid exists in form of peptides and 4 percent are free amino acids. The con tent of whole amino acids accounts for 73.98 percent soluble peptides, and the essential amino acid is 32.39 percent or 43.78 percent of the whole amino acids .Comparing whth FAO/WHO , the phenylalanine expresses in the first limited amino acid with the amino acid score of 61. Based on the analysis results, the balance of amino acid composition pf anchovy loluble peptides and the physiological function of loigo-peptide in an animal organism were explored.

Objective To prepare a new type of chitosans nanoparticles(PEG/CS-EPI NPs),which contains epirubicin and modified by PEG.Furthermore,to investigate the anticancer activity of the NPs in vitro and in vivo.Methods The ionic gelation technique was employed to prepare the PEG/CS-EPI NPs and CS-EPI NPs.The particle size and shape were illustrated respectively by laser scattering and transmission electron microscopy.The proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells was detected by MTT assay;The mouse model of implantation murine sarcoma cells(S-180) was applied to evaluate the anticancer effectiveness of PEG/CS-EPI NPs and CS-EPI NPs in vivo.Results The PEG modified CS NPs were discrete and uniform spheres with average diameter of 322.1 nm.The rate of drug loading and encapsulation is 13% and 74% respectively.The results of the anticancer tests showed a sustained cytotoxicity of loading drug NPs on nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vitro and the stealth nanoparticles was more powerful than ordinary nanoparticles on the inhibitory potency in vivo.Conclusion Stealth chitosan nanoparticles as compared with ordinary chitosan nanoparticles seems to be a potential candidate of chemotherapy drug carriers.

BACKGROUND: The surgical resection rate of pdmary hepatic carcinoma is low, thus, the local treatment arose more attention. Microwave coagulation therapy can inactivate rather than kill the hepatic carcinoma ceils. Slow-release chemotherapy has been used in treating primary hepatic carcinoma because it can form local high concentrations and last for a long time. OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effect of epirubicin-loaded chitosan microspheres combined with microwave coagulation on treating hepatocellular carcinoma in mica. METHODS: Epirubicin-loaded chitosan microspheres were prepared by using emulsion-chemical cross linking technique. The surface morphology and particles size of chitosan microspheres were observed by scanning electron microscope. Ultraviolet speotrophotometer was used to analyze the entrapment efficiency, entrapment efficiency and cumulative release rates of epirubicin-loaded chitosan microspheres. Totally 24 mice with transplanted subcutaneous H22 HCC were divided into 4 groups, which were respectively treated by microwave coagulation therapy, intratumoral injected with physiological saline after microwave coagulation therapy, intratumoral injected with epirubicin after microwave coagulation therapy, intratumoral injected with epirubicin-ioaded chitosan microspheres after microwave coagulation therapy. The tumor inhibitory rate was calculated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The average diameter of chitosan microsphere was 105 μm, with uniformed particle diameter. The ratio of drug loading was 11% and the entrapment was 80%. The in vitro drug cumulative release rate was 84% after 2 weeks. The tumor inhibitory rates of the microwave coagulation combined with physiological saline, epirubicin, and drug carried microspheres groups were 8%, 20%, and 47%. It suggested that chitosan microsphere is a safe and effective slow-release dosage form, which exhibits strong anti-tumor effect when combined with microwave treatment.

Objective To search for the molecular figngerprint of ascaris lumbricoides in intrahepatic stones. Methods In 56 cases deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was exstracted from intrahepatic stones and surgically obtained bile duct tissues, stool and sercum examinations were performed. Based on the sequence and designed primers of ITS-2 of ascaris lumbricoides, polymerase chain reaction ( PCR) was performed. Results There were 12 positive results in 56 (21.4% ) cases of intrahepatic stones. Positive reaction appeared on the examinations of the stool on ascaris lumbricoides and the blood serum among 12 cases. Conclusions Ascaris lumbricoides DNA was found in human of intrahepatic stones, indicating that ascaris lumbricoides infection may play a role in the formation of intrahepatic stones.

Objective To investigate the apoptosis-inducing effect of L-gossypol on human nasopharyngesl carcinoma cell line CNE2 and its possible mechanism.Methods The effect of L-gossypol on proliferation of CNE2 cells was estimated by MTT assay.Flow cytometry was used to analyz cell apoptosis induced by(-)-gossypol and the expression of Bcl-2 、Bax proteins.Caspase-3 activity was determined by caspase-3 colorimetric assay kit.Results Lgossypol was able to inhibit the proliferation of CNE2 cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent fashion at concentrations more than 10 μmoL/L.L-gossypol regulated cell cycle and GO/G1 arrest could be observed in CNE2 cells.In the process of apoptosis,the expression of Bcl-2 was down-regulated and Bax was up-regulated,caspase-3 activity was in peak at 24h.Conclusion L-gossypol could induce apoptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE2 in vitro,which may be associated with down-regulation of Bcl-2,up-regulation of Bax genes expression and caspase-3 activation.

Objective To investigate the value of magnetic resonance sialography (MRS) as a noninvasive tool in evaluating major salivary gland function before and after radiotherapy (RT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients.Methods From August 2009 to June 2010,patients with stage Ⅰ and Ⅱa (AJCC/UICC 2002) nasopharyngeal carcinoma were enrolled.All the patients were treated with intensity modulated radiation therapy alone.MRS with salivary stimulation was performed in patients before and after RT on a 3.0T MR scanner.An MRS categorical scoring system was used to compare the visibility of ducts pre-RT and post-RT.The relationship between MRS score and EORTC Core QOL and EORTC Head and Neck QOL was analyzed.Spearman rank correlation test was performed to analyze the non-stimulated and stimulated MRS findings and the clinical severity of xerostomia.Results All 10 enrolled patients completed planned treatment.The mean dose of the parotid glands and submandibular glands were (37.99 + 3.70) Gy and (55.65 + 2.99) Gy,respectively.Good-quality MRS images were obtained.The visibility scores of both the parotid and submandibular ducts were increased after secretion stimulation.Irradiation decreased the visualization of the salivary ducts and attenuated the response to secretion stimulation.There were specific correlations between post-RT secretion response of the parotid gland and EORTC QLQ scales ( global QOL scale in QLQ-C30 ( rs =0.636,P =0.048 ) and xerostomia scale in QLQ H&N35 ( rs =- 0.694,P =0.026) ).Conclusions MRS can be used as a non-invasive way to evaluated of the functional changes of major salivary glands before and after RT and as a promising approach for investigating radiation-induced xerostomia.