BACKGROUND: With the increase of senile population, it needs to further improve their mental health when improving their physical health. To study the depressive status of retired elderly people in order to provide basis for effective community nursing intervention.OBJECTIVE: To investigate and analyze the depression incidence among retired elderly people and conducted correlative factors analysis in order to improve the nursing service to aged people's mental health.DESIGN: Cross-sectional sampling study towards retired senior people.SETTING: Nursing department of a medical college.PARTICIPANTS: This study was completed in Nursing Department of North China Coal Medical College during September to December 2002. It conducted questionnaire survey to 1 000 retired people in Tangshan city by family visit. There were 574 male and 426 female who aged from 60 to 88years old with mean age of 67 years.METHODS: To adopt geriatric depression scale and general condition questionnaire investigation to individuals.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Depression scale score, depression incidence and frequency of correlative factors RESULTS: Mild depression accounts for 17.2% while moderate and severe depression account for 5% among retired elderly people. There is close relationship between factors such as retired veterans, female, low education,lack of social support, empty life, lack of exercise and poor self-assessed health and depression incidence(x2 = 9.80 - 175.93, P ＜ 0. 05).CONCLUSION: The incidence of senile depression among retired elderly people is pretty high so that it is important to pay attention to mental care towards retried people when doing community nursing, especially to divorced, widowed, female and low educated retired people.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of small interfering RNA (siRNA) specific to Bcl-2gene on radiosensitivity of esophageal cancer cells. Methods Bcl-2 gene siRNA ( Bcl-2 siRNA ) was induced into esophageal cancer EC9706 cells by lipofectamine.Bcl-2 protein expression and apoptosis of EC9706 cells were detected by flowcytometer. Clone forming assay was used to determine the inhibitory effects of X-ray radiation combined with Bcl-2 siRNA interference. ResultsWhen Bcl-2 siRNA had been induced into EC9706 cells, Bcl-2 protein expression in EC9706 cells was inhibited, and cell apoptosis was increased. Bcl-2 protein expression rates of EC9706 cells induced with Bcl-2 siRNA1, A2, A3 (25.13％ ±2. 04％ ,38.87％ ± 3.34％ , 30.55％ ± 2. 73％ ) were lower than the control group ( 84.28％ ± 1. 47％ )(t =4. 01,3.04,3.64, P ＜ 0. 05 ). After interference, the apoptosis rate of EC9706 cells ( 33.86％ ±1.04％ ) was higher than the control group and siRNA negative group (5.51％ ±0. 14％ and 5.59％ ±0. 46％ ) (t =6. 55,6. 54,P ＜0. 01 ). Bcl-2 gene siRNA interference enhanced X-ray inducing apoptosis of EC9706 cells (56.76％ ± 1.24％ ), which was higher than the radiation alone group ( 24.51％ ± 0. 48％ )(t =3.59,P ＜ 0. 05 ). The D0, Dq, and SF2 of combined treatment group were much lower than those of irradiation alone group . The sensitization enhancing ratio was 1.32 ( ratio of D0 values ) . Conclusions Bcl-2 gene siRNA could enhance the radiosensitivity of esophageal cancer EC9706 cells and may has a good future in clinical practice.

Trophozoites of Giardia lamblia were axenically cultivated with modified TYI-S-33 medium contained 500 ?g/ml metronidazole(12h LC50).The morphology of drug-treated trophozoites was observed with light and electron micro-scopes at 2,4,8,12 h respectively.The light microscopy revealed that the trophozoites treated with MTZ showed swollen,detached from the wall of the culture tube,and were with vacuoles in the cytoplasm.Movement of the flagella become slowly or stopped.Electronic microscopy showed that the trophozoites were swollen and deformed;lots of vacuoles were seen in the cytoplasm;the contents of cytoplasm were depleted and the nuclei deformed.This study indicated that MTZ has injured the morphology of G.lamblia.

Objective To investigate the expression of scaffold protein palladin in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tissues and to discuss its clinicopathological significance.Methods 56 samples of PDAC and corresponding adjacent normal pancreas (NP) tissues were collected.Another 10 samples of chronic pancreatitis (CP) tissues were collected.Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry assay were performed to detect the expression of protein palladin.The correlation of palladin expression with clinicopathological factors of PDAC was analyzed.Results Western blot analysis revealed that the expression of palladin in PDAC,CP and NP tissues were respectively 0.93±0.07,0.41±0.07 and 0.20±0.06,and the expression of palladin was significantly increased in PDAC tissues compared with NP and CP tissues (P ＜ 0.05),and its expression was significantly increased in CP tissues compared with NP tissues (P ＜ 0.05).Immunohistochemical staining showed that palladin was mainly expressed in activated myofibroblasts in PDAC tissues.The rate of palladin expression was 79 ％ (44/56),which was higher than that in NP tissues (2/10) and CP tissues (4/10),and its expression was found to be correlated with the degree of tumor differentiation,lymph node metastasis and clinical TNM classification (P ＜ 0.05),and it had no correlation with patient' s sex,age,tumor location and distant metastasis (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Scaffold protein palladin is highly expressed in PDAC tissues,and it is expressed in the activated myofibroblasts within tumor microenvironment.Scaffold protein palladin may be involved in the invasion and metastasis of PDAC.

BACKGROUND: Geriatric depressive disorder is a common psychological disorder in elderly people, and it can lead to the decline of various organic functions, and it also does great harm to elderly people and their family.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influencing factors of depressive disorder in retired cadres and people, so as to provide basic evidence for enhancing the mental nursing in retired cadres and people and reducing the prevalence of geriatric depressive disorder.DESIGN: A sampling survey.SETTING: Department of Nursing, North China Coal Medical College.PARTICIPANTS: Between August and December 2002, 1 000 retired cadres and people living in the urban area of Tangshan city were investigated. There were 574 males and 426 females, aged from 60-88 years, the average age was 67.04 years, 851 of them were married, 10 were divorced and 139 had lost their spouses: the educational level was primary school and below in 159 cases, junior middle school in 362 cases, senior middle school in 280 cases, university and above in 199 cases.METHODS: The elderly people were investigated with the geriatric depression scale (GDS) and individual general information inventory by means of family visit. The investigative purpose and methods were introduced to the subjects before the investigation, and they all signed the informed consent, the form of without recording name was used. The strictly trained investigators were qualified by examination, which ensured the concordance of the investigative results. The pretesting was performed before the investigation to detect whether there were words,sentencesand items hard to understand, so as to avoid the information bias. The questionnaires were filled by the elderly people themselves or by the investigator if there was any difficulty for the elderly people in writing according to the their choice after reading the questions for them.in retired cadres and people of different age, gender and educational level:ferent marriage status.RESULTS: Totally 1 000 questionnaires were sent out, and 1 000 valid der was obviously higher in females than in males (27.0%, 18.6%, P ＜ 0.05).ple with the educational level of primary school and below, junior middle school, senior middle school, university and above were 33.9%, 22.1%,20.0%, 16.1% respectively, and it was decreased with the elevation of emarkedly higher in retired people than in retired cadres (25.4%, 13.6%,higher than in those having or had lost spouse (50.0%, 21.2%, 26.6%, P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The prevalence of depressive disorder is higher in retired cadres and people. More attentions should be given to the mental health care and social support of retired cadres and people, especially for the divorced ones.

SUMOylation is a post‐translational modification involved in various cellular processes .SUMO‐specific protease (SENP) regulates SUMOylation by removing SUMO from conjugated substrates (deSUMOylation) and promoting maturation of SUMO precursor .In order to express Giardia lambia (C2 strain) SENP catalytic domain in E .coli ,the full‐length open reading frame of SENP was amplified by PCR from Giardia lamblia genome DNA .The PCR product about 1 620 bp was cloned into cloning vector pGM‐T .Sequencing result showed the sequence of SENP in C2 strain was identical with that in Gi‐ardia WB strain .Bioinformatics analysis showed that SENP protein possessed a 372 aa discontinuous ULP catalytic domain at C‐terminal .The catalytic domain of SENP was cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pET‐28a(+ ) .The recombinant vector pET‐28a(+ )‐SENPc was transformed into E .coli Rosetta(DE3) ,then the recombinant SENPc protein was expressed by IPTG induction .SDS‐PAGE and Western blot using anti‐His Tag antibody showed that the expression product of SENPc was a fusion protein with a molecular weight of 43 kD .The successful prokaryotic expression and bioinformatics analysis of Giardia lamblia SENP protein provide basis for further functional study of SENP .

Objective To investigate the protective effect of CBLB 502 on radiation pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis for confirming the feasibility of CBLB502 as a clinical anti-radiation drug release.Methods With a single 20 Gy irradia-tion, C57BL/6J mice was sacrificed on 24 h, 1 month, 3 months and 5 months and lung tissue was assayed by TUNEL method for apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells and endothelial cells , HE staining showing fibrosis changes , immunohisto-chemistry detecting the expression of specific indicators , as well as pathological changes of the fur and skin radiated site . Results CBLB502 inhibits apoptosis in mice alveolar epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells after irradiation , slowing the process of pulmonary fibrosis , while reducing the expression of laminin and maintaining the expression of surfac-tant protein B, and the skin inflammation also significantly reduced .Conclusion CBLB502 could alleviate the occurrence of radiation pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis as well as radiation-induced skin injury .

Objective To investigate the effect of coupled plasma filtration adsorption (CPFA) on plasma cytokines:TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,cellular immunity,blood lactate acid concentration,heart rate,respiration rate,oxygenation index,hemodynamics,blood cells counts,and prognosis in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndromes (MODS).Methods This was a prospective,randomized clinical trial in 45 patients diagnosed as MODS.Patients were randomly assigned to hemoperfution with resin adsorption (HP) + continuous venous-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) group,CPFA group and CVVH group.The general clinical data,APACHE Ⅱ score,number of failure organ and previous mentioned biomarkers were documented.Blood samples were collected before and after blood filtration with any one of these procedures.The plasma samples were isolated and stored with frozen at-60 ℃.Data were statistically analyzed with SPSS 13.0 version software.Results In CPFA group,plasma cytokines,TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6,decreased markedly after plasma adsorption for two hours (P ＜ 0.01);and plasma concentrations of IL-6 were further descended after subsequent CVVH for 10 hours (P ＜ 0.05).In HP + CVVH group,plasma cytokines,TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6,decreased markedly after HP (P ＜ 0.01),and plasma concentrations of IL-6 were further descended after subsequent CVVH for 10 hours (P ＜ 0.05).In CVVH group,plasma cytokines,TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6,decreased after CVVH for 12 hours (P ＜ O.05).Blood lactate acid concentration,heart rate,respiration rate,oxygenation index,T-lymphocytes subgroups (CD3 +,CD4 +,CD8 +,CD4 +/CD8 + ratio),clinical symptoms were improved and dose of vasoactive agent was reduced in the patients of three groups without differences among them.The counts of red blood cells,white blood cells and platelets after CPFA and CVVH showed no significant changes.There was no significant difference in blood cell counts between CPFA and CVVH groups.After HP + CVVH,there was a trend of decrease in platelet count (P ＜ 0.05).Platelet counts were significanfly higher in patients treated with CPFA and CVVH group than those in patients treated with HP + CVVH group (P ＜ 0.05).There were 6 patients died in HP + CVVH group,6 patients died in CPFA group and 5 patients died in CVVH group within 28days.Conclusions The comparison of efficacy of blood filtration among 3 modalities of HP + CVVH,CPFA and CVVH showed CPFA had higher capacity of Inflammatory medium scavenging than CVVH,and had less damage effect on blood visible component,especially on platelet compared with HP + CVVH.CPFA was an effective and safety modality in the treatment of the patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.

Effects of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on the expression level of Alpha-7 .3 giardin mRNA in C2 Giardia lam-blia was investigated in this study to explore the damage to skeleton protein of C 2 Giardia lamblia .Giardia lamblia was culti-vated respectively for 2 ,4 ,8 ,and 12 hours with modified TYI-S-33 medium containing 100 μg/mL and 200 μg/mL DHA , while the control group performed in the same experimental conditions without DHA .The expressive quantity of Alpha-7 .3 gi-ardin mRNA was determined by using real-time reverse transcription PCR ,and then we found that the expressive quantities of Alpha-7 .3 giardin mRNA with DHA were significantly lower than those in the control group .It’s suggested that dihydroarte-misinin has obvious inhibitory effect on the expression level of Alpha-7 .3 giardin mRNA in C2 Giardia lamblia .The actions of dihydroartemisinin on skeleton protein of C2 Giardia lamblia are effective .

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) in sheep is a hazardous zoonotic parasitic disease that is caused by Echinococcus granulosus (Eg). At present, serological test is an important diagnostic method for Eg infection in domestic animals. Here, a fusion protein Eg mefAg-1 harboring 8 dominant B-cell epitopes of Eg such as antigen B, tetraspanin 1, tetraspanin 6, reticulon and Eg95 was produced in E. coli and evaluated for CE in sheep by indirect ELISA. Eg mefAg-1 showed in ELISA a high sensitivity (93.41%) and specificity (99.31%), with a coincidence rate of 97.02%. Overall, it is suggested that the Eg mefAg-1 could be a potential antigen candidate for CE serodiagnosis in sheep.
Animals, Domestic ; Echinococcosis ; Echinococcus granulosus ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte ; Methods ; Parasitic Diseases ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Serologic Tests ; Sheep