Objective To investigate the dynamic changes of ATP content in rat cerebral cortex after transient ischemia followed by reperfusion and the relationship between the change of energy and the recovery of neural function.Methods The rats were subjected to 10 min of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). At the time point of 0 h, 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 72 h after reperfusion, ATP contents of frontal and parietal cortex were measured by capillary zone electrophoresis.Results At the end of 10 min ischemia, ATP content fell dramatically to less than 20% of the control level. After reperfusion, ATP content recovered gradually. After 1 h, 3 h, 6 h and 12 h of reperfusion, ATP content returned to 70.5%, 65.7%, 84.8% and 86.9% of the control level ( P=0.052, 0.030, 0.332 and 0.491). From 24 h on until 72 h after reperfusion, ATP content decreased again, reaching half of the control level ( P=0.003 and P=0.023). After 10 min ischemia, limb function recovered gradually and completely at last. From 24 h on until 72 h after reperfusion, unwillingness of action and eating was found.Conclusions The recovery of cellular energy system function is delayed even though the reperfusion is in time after transient cerebral ischemia. Furthermore, secondary failure of cellular energy system function occurrs with the reperfusion proceeding. These phenomena are probably responsible for the delayed recovery of neural function after cerebral ischemia in spite of reperfusion.

Objective To evaluate the effects of nucleoside/nucleotide analogue treatment on immunoglobulin and complement in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).MethodsA total of 157 CHB patients were recruited and divided into CHB group,liver cirrhosis (LC) group and severe hepatitis B (SHB) group.There were 50 patients who received oral antiviral treatment (lamivudine 100 mg/d,or entecavir 0.5 mg/d,or telbivudine 600 mg/d).Serum levels of complement 3 and 4 (C3,C4),C-reaction protein (CRP),hemolytic complement (CH50),immunoglobulin G,M,A (IgG,IgM,IgA),hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or immunoturbidimetry.Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA was quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) before and 1,2,3 and 4 weeks after nucleoside antiviral therapy.Comparison of means was done by t test and Mann-Whitney test.The correlation was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient test.ResultsSerum IgA and IgM levels of SHB and LC patients were significantly higher than those of CHB patients (P＜0.01).Levels of C3,C4,CH50 and CRP were significantly different among three groups.Levels of C3,IgM,IgG and HBV DNA in HBeAg positive patients were significantly different from those in HBeAg negative patients.There was a statistically significant difference of IgA,IgM,C3 and CH50 levels between patients with high HBV DNA level and low HBV DNA level in HBeAg-positive patients.While in the HBeAg-negative patients,only the IgA level was significantly different with HBV DNA levels.After anti-viral treatment,immunoglobulin and HBV DNA levels were all decreased in three groups,while the serum complement level was increased compared to baseline,and the differences became significant at week 4 of treatment. HBV DNA level was negatively correlated with C3 (r=-0.78,P=0.021) and HBeAg titer was positively correlated with C3 (r=0.87,P=0.015).ConclusionsThe immunoglobulin,CRP,C3,C4,and C H50 could reflect the inflammatory activity in liver.The changes of C3 level can predict the efficacy of antiviral therapy.

ObjectiveTo investigate and analyze the clinical and pathological features of surgical treatment for primary bronchogenic carcinoma in adolescent patients.MethodsA retrospective review is presented of patients less than 30 years with surgical treatment of bronchogenic carcinoma between 1969 and 2008.There were59 patients (36 male and 23 female).Mean age was 23 years ( range 8-29 ) .The ratio of men to women patients was 1.7∶1.Forty-nine cases ( 83.0% ) were symptomatic at presentation and 18 cases(30.5% )were misdiagnosed as other diseases.Surgical procedures included radical resection in 46 cases,palliative resection in 3 cases,thoracotomy only for unresectable disease in 7 cases and VATS biopsy in 3 cases.The histological types were 18 adenocarcinomas,13 carcinoids,9 mucoepidermoid carcinoma,5 squamous cell carcimomas,4 small cell lung cancer,3 adenosquamous carcinoma and 4 others.On TNM staging,8 cases in stage Ⅰa,3 cases in stage Ⅰb,9 cases in stage Ⅱ a,12 cases in stage Ⅱb,15 cases in stage Ⅲa,8 cases in stage Ⅲb,4 cases in stageⅣ.ResultsThere were no operative death in radical group.Post-operative atelectasis in 3 cases.One case died from postoperative respiratory failure in explosive group,the postoperative five year survival rate was 27.0%.radical resection group 5-year survival was 35%.Univariate analysis identified TNM stage and surgical procedures as predictors of survival( P <0.05).factors that had no significant effect on overall survival included gender,histologic sbutype and postoperative chemotherapy (P > 0.05).The 5 year survival in stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲa,Ⅲb + Ⅳ were 75.0%,33.3%,14.3% and 0,respectively.The 5 year survival in lobectomy,pneumonectomy and exporsive were 43.0%,18.2% and O,respectively.On multivariate analysis,TNM stage of disease was the only independent predictor of survival ( P =0.000) .ConclusionWe should pay attention to adolescent lung cancer and improve the diagnosis rate avoiding of delaying surgical treatment.The five year survival rate of radical resection for adolescent lung cancer was good.They should be treated with aggressive multimodality therapy and surgical resection is the first-line treatment for them.

Objective:To analyze the mechanism on integration of health care services at the county and town-ship level from the perspective of stakeholder theory. Methods: The stakeholder interest demand was determined by word frequency analysis of interview data from stakeholders in the three regions of Qianjiang, Huangpi, and Zhen-jiang;the degree of attention and gains and losses of stakeholders towards various demands was investigated from the three regions through interest demand questionnaires;the impact of demand benefits on behavioral responses has been evaluated through comprehensive evaluation theory and game theory. Results:Regional integration policies reflect the interest demands of stakeholders in varying degrees; the higher were the scores of demand benefits in interest de-mands questionnaires, the stronger was the willingness of stakeholders to coordinate integration policies. Conclusion:The policies of integration of health care services in rural China should consider all stakeholder interest demands;the better the interest demands of the stakeholders are satisfied, the stronger their motivation for integration reform will be, which may affect the implementation effects of local integration reforms to some extent.

Objective To know the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Yangpu District and provide evidence for specific strategies and measures of hand-foot-mouth disease activity prevention and control. Methods Descriptive analysis of the data from hand-foot-mouth disease epidemic situation in Yangpu District from 2005 to 2008 was made. Results 1 348 cases were reported in the whole Yangpu District from 2005 to 2008, and no severe cases, no death. The average morbidity in Yangpu District was 27.48/100 000. The male to female ratio was 1.46∶1. The infection occurred to infants aged from 1 year to 5 years (85.39%). The incidence of the native population children aged 2 to 3 exceeded 10/100 000. The season peak appeared from May to July (70.18%), and outbreaks used to occur at nurseries and kindergartens. The typical clinical presentations mainly included fever and rash. The rash mainly occurred to hands, feet, mouth, buttocks and so on. Conclusions Incidence varied significantly between different sexes, seasons and ages. It can cause large-scale epidemic in a short period of time, the epidemic was very difficult to control, but the leaders attach importance to take the early warning and monitoring, accuratey deal with emergencies, health education promotion and training of comprehensive measures, the epidemic can be effectively controlled.

Objective To investigate the brain activation map during substraction and multiplication tasks in health adults.Methods 13 volunteers were undergone two tests of substraction and multiplication in the form of block-design.The fMRI data were analyzed by SPM99 software with statistic t-test to generate the activation map.Results In substraction ,the left middle frontal gyre(MFG),inferior frontal gyre(IFG),superior parietal lobule(SPL),inferior parietal lobule(IPL),angular gyre(AG),superior temporal gyre(STG),the right MFG,SPL,IPL , bilateral visual association cortex and cerebellum were activated.In multiplication , the left superior frontal gyre(SFG),MFG,IFG,SPL,AG,the right SPL,precentral gyre(PCG) and bilateral visual association cortex were activated.Conclusion (1)The bilateral prefrontal areas,parietal cortex and occipito-temporal areas are involved in calculation and have the function of working memory ,numerial manipulation and visua-space attention;(2)The cerebellum is involved in cognitive arithmetic.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of itraconazole injection in treatment of invasive fungal infection in the patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.Methods Invasive fungal infection in 15 patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome was treated with 200 mg itraconazole injection,twice a day on the first two days,then once a day,for 8 to 14 days.During the treatment,the symptoms and signs,the results of chemical detection were recorded.Everyday fungus,sputum,stool smear or culture were performed.Results The recovery rate,effective rate,and fungal clearance in this trial with itraconazole injection were 80%(12/15),86.7%(13/15),and 86.7%(13/15) respectively.The side effect was not found.Conclusion Itraconazole injection is an effective and safe drug against invasive fungal infection in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.

Objective To establish an assessment model of financial risk exposure for the county-levelpublic hospitals in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,which can be used to assess the risk exposure of the hospital in question,and as decision making reference for their financial management and risk prevention and control.Methods Using indicators standardized methods and entropy method to process 1 5 financial indicators (quantitative indicators and qualitative indicators )for the 20 public hospitals,and using the gray clustering method to assess financial risk exposure.Results 70% of the county-level public hospitals are faced with less financial risks,while four of them need to pay close attention,and two have large loopholes pending solution.Conclusions Entropy-Gray clustering methods can complement each other,as found in the study.This study proves its significance,and health authorities should establish their long-term financial risk control mechanisms.

This paper is aimed to establish the method of fingerprint analysis of chemical constituents by reversed-phase ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) for the quality control of the roots and rhizomes of Panax ginseng (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma). The method was performed on a ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 (50 mm x 2.1 mm ID, 1.7 microm) with a mixed mobile phase of water and acetonitrile in a gradient mode. The flow rate was 0.3 mL x min(-1) and the wavelength of measurement was 203 nm. Eleven batches of the Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma were determined. The UPLC chromatographic fingerprints of chemical constituents were established from the eleven batches of the Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and showed fifteen characteristic common peaks, among which fifteen peaks were recognized and nine compounds (ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rf, Rg2, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rb3 and Rd) were determined by comparison with chromatographic behaviors and UV spectra of the authentic compounds. The eleven batches of samples were classified as two clusters by hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and principle component analysis (PCA), and six samples were confirmed to establish the mutual model. The quality was assessed by similarity evaluation system for chromatographic fingerprint of TCM (2004B Version). The convenient and high specific method can be used to identify and evaluate the quality of the Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma.

Objective To investigate galectin3 on proliferation and migration of esophageal cancer Eca109 cells.Methods A lentiviral vector for over-expression of RNA targeting galectin3 was designed to transfect Eca109 cancer cells following plasmid-mediated transfection manual (Eca109/Gal3 cells).Inverted fluorescence microscope was used to observe the expression of EGFP.The proliferation of Eca109 cells was measured by cell counting Kit-8 assay.Eca109 cells apoptosis was determined by Annexin-V/7-AAD doublestaining.The migration capacity of Eca109 cells was determined in transwell assays.Western blot analysis was used to measure the expression of galectin3 protein.Results Galectin-3 expression was detected in Eca109 cells,with the Galectin3 expression in Eca109/Gal3 cells much more than non-transfected cells (t =14.33,P ＜ 0.05 ; t =10.28,P =0.037).Compared with non-transfected Eca109 cells,proliferation increased significantly in Eca109/Gal3 cells (t =-17.277,P ＜ 0.05 ; t =-13.4,P ＜ 0.05).Galectin3 evidently decreased in Eca109 cell apoptosis (t =3.053,P ＜ 0.05 ; t =5.446,P ＜ 0.05).Transwell migration assay showed that a greater number of Eca109/Gal3 cells crossed the artificial basement membrane compared with non-transfected Eca109 cells and negative control Eca109 cells (t =3.465,P ＜ 0.05; t =3.252,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Galectin3 expression is detected in transfected esophageal cancer Eca109 cells,whose overexpression can result in enhanced proliferation,migration,invasion as well as reduced apoptosis.These data indicate that in-depth research of galectin-3 may prove to be a potential molecular target for the treatment of esophageal cancer.