In the recent years,many studies have confirmed that vascular endothelial progenitor cells(EPC)can migrate,proliferate and differentiate into mature endothelial cells.They participate in the angiogenesis not only during the process of embryonic development but also during the growth and metachoresis of tumor.Therefore,further studies on EPC are important for the understanding of the formation and treatment of tumor.This review summarizes the research progress in this field.

Objective: To acquire the new clear color phenotype of Aspergillus oryzae b y th e antisense strategy of siderophore regulation protein (SREP)-like gene. Method s: Construct the cDNA library of Aspergillus oryzae RIB40 and amplify the fr agme nt ac7336f from the every EST clone, which had high homology with SREP gene of o ther species, then construct the eukaryotic expression vector with SREP-like ge ne using antisense strategy. Results: The sequence of this SREP-like gene was a cquired, the vector was successfully constructed. Conclusion: The deduced amino acid sequence of SREP-like gene of Aspergillus oryzae indicated that there is t he high homology with those of SREP genes of Penicillium chrysogenum, Neur ospora crassa and Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

The poverty population definition for medical assistance was related to equity and precision,but still lacked theory and method in practice.The catastrophic and impoverishment health expenditure methods based on relative costs theory considered the family's ability to pay,which reflected the economic burden and poverty status of families.Meanwhile,they reflected the breadth and depth of poverty.Therefore,the theory and methods of catastrophic diseases relative costs could support the definition of catastrophic diseases for poverty population in China.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of 99mTc-MDP SPECT/CT whole body bone imaging in the diagnosis of bone metastasis of prostate cancer. Methods A total of 107 cases with prostate cancer were di-agnosed by SPECT whole body bone imaging from January 2013 to November 2016. SPECT/CT imaging of some ab-normal density collective focus found in whole body bone imaging were further carried out. Six months later ,whole body bone imaging and SPECT/CT were made again for review. In all diagnosis above ,99mTc-MDP were selected as bone imaging agent. According to the results of follow-up visit clinical and imaging diagnosis ,diagnostic perfor-mance indicators of whole body bone imaging and SPECT/CT were calculated. Results The different part of whole body bone imaging and SPECT/CT in the diagnosis of bone metastases was statistically significant(x2 = 23.000, P < 0.001). The diagnosis specificity and coincidence rate of SPECT/CT for bone metastasis were 100.0% and 98.1% respectively and they were significantly higher than those of whole body bone imaging(65.0% and 80.4%respectively). The differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05). After SPECT/CT diagnosis,a total of 193 undetermined lesions were found and 83 lesions of these were final diagnosed of bone metastases. Pelvic lesions were most in bone metastases ,accounting for 50.6%. Conclusion Whole body bone imaging can effectively determine the undetermined lesions , further SPECT/CT can significantly improve the diagnostic accuracy of prostate cancer bone metastasis.

[Objective]To retrospectively analyze of functional and radiographic outcome of distal calvicle fractures (Neer type II) treated with coracoclavicular screw fixation.[Method]Fifteen patients with Neer type II distal clavicle fracture were treated surgically between March 2001 and March 2004.Operative treatment included open reduction and fixation of the proximal clavicular fragment to the coracoid process using a 6.5-mm cancellous screw and repair of the coracoclavicular ligaments.Perioperative radiographs were performed to ensure that the screw was introduced properly into the coracoid.Following the operation,the arm was placed in a sling for two weeks.After two weeks,the sling was discontinued and the patient was permitted to use the arm for daily activities except for lifting,pulling,and pushing for 6 weeks.The patient is instructed not to perform any heavy lifting,pushing,pulling or participate in contact sports for 3 months.Data were collected to allow scoring according to the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons shoulder index 6 months after operation.[Result]All the patients were followed up at an average of 16 months (range:9~26 months).Fracture union occurred at a mean of 7 weeks (range:6~9 weeks)postoperatively without any serious complications such as screw-migration,pseudarthrosis,infection,neurovascular damage,or skin necrosis.All patients returned to the pre-injury level of activity with no residual pain or dysfunction.The mean American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons shoulder index was 97 points ( range: 90-100 points) 6 months after operation.Two patients showed radiologically ossification of the acromioclavicular joint with no clinical symptoms.[Conclusion]Coracoclavicular screw fixation is a relatively simple,reliable,and safe technique of open reduction and internal fixation of the type II distal clavicle fracture.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the perioperative treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and asthma. METHOD: Retrospective analysis of perioperative clinical data of 43 cases with CRSwNP and asthma. The admitted and under endoscopic surgery. Patients with preventing perioperative asthma attacks and corresponding standardized treatment were Observed. RESULT: Thirty-five cases were stable during perioperative period and without asthma. Seven patients diagnosed as mild and moderate asthma attacks because of low pulse oximetry (SpO2 92%-95%) and scattered wheeze heard in the lungs. So these patients were sent to ICU for the treatment. They went back to ward after their conditions turned to stable and no asthma during perioperative. One patient diagnosed as severe asthma attack, because irritability and suffocation happened, SpO2 decreased from 99% to 84%-81%, diffuse wheeze could be heard in the whole lung . So we give him tracheal intubation and sent him to ICU for advanced treatment after breathing smooth. Five days later the patient retuned to the ward in stable condition and with no asthma attack again. CONCLUSION Before operation the patients should be give some corresponding standardized comprehensive treatment according to the nasal symptoms and the degree of asthma attack, such as the application of topical steroid and antiallergic medicine. And some special treatment should be given to reduce airway hyperresponsiveness mucosa during anesthesia. These methods can reduce the risk of the asthma attacks and improve perioperative safety, prevent serious complications.
Asthma ; therapy ; Chronic Disease ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Lung ; physiopathology ; Nasal Polyps ; surgery ; Perioperative Care ; standards ; Retrospective Studies ; Sinusitis ; surgery ; Steroids ; therapeutic use

Objective To assess the effects of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and bipolar cord coagulation (BCC) on the prognosis and complication rate of complicated monochorionic twins.Methods A retrospective review was undertaken in 58 cases of complicated monochorionic twins treated with RFA or BCC at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat Sen University,from January 2008 to August 2013.Non-parametric Wilcoxon test,Chi-square test,Fisher exact test or multi-variant Logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results Indications for selective termination in the 58 cases were:twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence in 12,severe twin to twin transfusion syndrome in 28,discordance of fetal anomalies in 10,selective intrauterine growth restriction in 7 and twin anemia-polycythemia sequence in 1.Forty-three cases were managed with BCC and 15 with RFA.Preterm labor was more common in the BCC group than in the RFA group [86.0％(37/43) vs 9/15,respectively; x2=4.598,P=0.032).Premature rupture of the membranes occurred in 48.8％(27/43) of the BCC group vs.4/15 of the RFA group (x2=2.229,P=0.135).The median procedure-todelivery time was 48 (1-150) days for the BCC group vs.101(14-138) days for the RFA group (Z=-2.245,P=0.025).Overall survival rate was 62.8％(27/43) in the BCC group vs 11/15 in the RFA group (x2=0.547,P=0.460),which was not significantly different.Neurodevelopmental delay was detected in two neonates in BCC group and in one neonate in RFA group.Logistic regression analysis showed that delivery before 28 gestational weeks was an independent risk factor for the poor prognosis of the co-twins (OR=192.720,95％CI:18.610-994.000,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Compared with BCC,RFA does not improve the prognosis of complicated monochorionic twins significantly.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of aspirin on hypoxic brain neural cells of rat and the effects of extracellular calcium on the neuroprotective effect of aspirin. Methods The hypoxic cell model was established by adding Na_2S_2O_4 to the calcium or calcium free medium. Cultured primary cortical neurons of rat were pretreated with ASA in vitro. The change of intracellular free calcium and neuroglobin (NGB) were observed and analyzed by laser scanning confocal microscope. Results The expression level of [Ca~(2+)] i and NGB increased significantly in the chemical hypoxia group ( P < 0. 05 ). ASA can attenuate the increase of [ Ca~(2+) ] i and NGB in the hypoxic group and calcium-free hypoxia group(P <0. 05). Conclusion Aspirin can inhibit calcium overload and the hypoxia-induced expression of NGB, so protect rat brain cells against hypoxia.

OBJECTIVE:To provide empirical reference for protecting the supply of clinical drugs. METHODS:Literature re-view was combined with the conditions of drugs that lost the bidding in the centralized bidding in Anhui province to determine the short drugs need to investigate. Questionnaire was adopted to investigate the situations and reasons of short drugs in 5 third-grade class-A hospitals of 5 areas in Anhui province from Nov. 2013 to Oct. 2014. RESULTS:A total of 5 questionnaires were sent out, and 5 were received with effective response rate of 100%. There were totally 54 short drugs in the 5 third-grade class-A hospitals, including the most serious shortage of drugs for neurocirculatory system,accounting for 20.37%. Shortage was mainly due to the low price of drugs,accounting for 48.15%,and insufficient supply,less suffering patients/low dosage and other reasons. CON-CLUSIONS:In view of the shortage of drugs,government departments should improve the drug pricing and bidding policy,pro-duction enterprises should enhance the enterprise production and development capabilities,business companies should optimize the distribution pattern of network and medical institutions should establish drug management system with a clear division of power and responsibility to relieve the drug shortages.

Objective To explore the methods and standards of catastrophic health expenditure for China,and improve the operability in defining those impoverished due to diseases.Methods 600 households with inpatients were randomly sampled from 12 villages of three townships in City M in Hubei province for household survey.Literature review and expert consultation methods were used to measure and determine the threshold of catastrophic health expenditure( CHE) of City M,with improvements made by grouping.Results In a uniform standard,the CHE occurrence of the income method and expenditure method is lower than the non-existence expenditure method and WHO method,verifying theoretically that the standard set for the former should be higher than the latter.In addition,the income method and expenditure method present differently in China.Standards set should vary with different measurement methods,maintaining approximate CEH expenditure for the same region.For the income method and expenditure method,the recommended benchmark reference is 25%,with an adjustable range of 35%~45%.Mutual verifications of these methods can further determine a rational CHE value.Conclusions The CHE methods support the definition of people impoverished due to diseases beyond their household payment capacity.Different thresholds however should be set for different methods,and the relative standards should be translated into absolute standards by grouping.