OBJECTIVE:To probe into the current situation and developing trend of the marketing of Cefuroxime in China.METHODS:To analyze the production and consumption of Cefuroxime in China.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:We con?sider that the market of Cefuroxime looks to further briskness.However,with more and more manufacturers entering into,the competition is becoming more intensive.

Objective To study the relationship and clinical significance of the serum level of Pro-gastrinreleasing peptide31-98 (ProGRP)and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for small cell lung cancer of different TNM staging.Methods 96 cases of SCLC with definite pathohistological typing were divided into stage Ⅰ～Ⅱ SCLC group (n=30),stage ⅢSCLC group (n=31),stage IVSCLC group (n=35),and the benign cases (n=90)were taken as control.Using enzyme-linked immunoserbent assay ( ELISA),the serum levels of ProGRP and bronchoalveolar layage fluid of all patients were detected,meanwhile the neuronspecific enolase were served as controls.The relation between serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ProGRP level and small cell lung cancer of different TNM staging was analyzed.Results The serum level of ProGRP in stage Ⅰ～Ⅱ SCLC group,stage Ⅲ SCLC group,stage Ⅳ SCLC group,and the benign group were (295.33±118.56),(421.13±196.66),(758.76±326.19)and (29.68±16.32)μg/mol,respectively (P＜0.01 ).The level in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ProGRP were ( 516.67 ±208.45),( 1170.55±414.65 ),( 1739.12±696.08 )and (49.23±22.50)μg/mol,respectively (P＜0.01 ).The serum level of NSE in stage Ⅰ～Ⅱ SCLC group,stage Ⅲ SCLC group,stage Ⅳ SCLC group,and the benign group were (10.36±6.76),(24.19±10.88 ),(35.76±17.30)and (9.70 ±5.28)mg/mol.The level in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid NSE were (16.66±11.62),(45.47±20.74),(65.18±29.87)and (9.70±5.28)mg/mol,respectively (P＜0.01).The positive rate of serum ProGRP in stage Ⅰ～Ⅱ SCLC group,stage Ⅲ SCLC group,stage Ⅳ SCLC group,and the benign group were 0.6000,0.7097,0.8286 and 0.0667 ,respectively(P＜0.01).The positive rate in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ProGRP were 0.6333,0.7419,0.8571 and 0.0444,respectively (P＜0.01).The positive rate of serum NSE in stage Ⅰ～Ⅱ SCLC group,stage Ⅲ SCLC group ,stage Ⅳ SCLC group,and the benign group were 0.2333,0.6774,0.8000 and 0.2222.The positive rate in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid NSE were 0.2667,0.7097,0.8286 and 0.2667 ,respectively(P＜0.01 ).Both the ProGRP level and positive rate in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were obviously higher in stage Ⅰ～Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ SCLC group than in benign group (P＜0.01 ),both the ProGRP and NSE level and positive rate in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were obviously higher than that in the serum.The positive rate in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ProGRP in stage Ⅰ～Ⅱ SCLC group were obviously higher than that in the NSE (P＜0.01),but there was no significant difference in stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ SCLC group.Conclusion ProGRP level in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid have great value to the diagnosis and clinical stages of SCLC,especially the early diagnosis,ProGRP is better than NSE;As to the diagnosis of small cell lung cancer of different TNM staging,ProGRP detection in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid is better than in serum.

Objective:The purpose of this study was to improve teaching quality of pharmacology by integrating different form of clinical knowledge.Methods:We tried to add the clinical documents such as some related videos and pictures,many common drugs' trade-names and analysis of typical cases into teaching of pharmacology in undergraduate course in our college.Results:Both the theory examination scores and ability of aggregate analysis of cases were higher in the experiment groups than in the controlled ones.And the students considered that the teaching mode with clinical knowledge could stir up their interest in learning pharmacology and increase teaching effect.Conclusion:The teaching mode of incorporating clinical knowledge into pharmacology would be helpful to improve teaching quality of pharmacology.

Objective:To observe the clinical therapeutic effect of needling the acupoints of Governor Vessel and Bladder Meridian plus cupping on chronic fatigue syndrome. Methods: Fifty cases of chronic fatigue syndrome were divided into the treatment group(n= 25) and the control group(n=25). The patients in the treatment group were treated by needling Dazhui (GV 14), Zhiyang (GV 9),Xinshu (BL 15), Geshu (BL 17), Mingmen (GV 4), Shenshu (BL 23) and Changqiang (GV 1). Even reinforcing and reducing manipulation was used. Every time after the needles were withdrawn, the glass jar with thick and smooth mouth was selected to go on the back. The patients in the control group were treated by taking Chinese medicinal herbs, Caili composition, orally. Results: After 3durations of treatment, the therapeutic effects of the two groups were 92. 0% and 64. 0%respectively. There was significant difference in the therapeutic effect between the two groups(x2 =7.29,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion: Acupuncture plus cupping is an effective method in treating chronic fatigue syndrome.

Objective: To investigate the cinlical features and therapeutic methods of unex-pected gallbladder carcinoma. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed in 19 cases of unexpected gallbladder carcinoma treated in our hospital from April 2002 to April 2008. Results: Ten cases in early stage were perfomed gallbaldder resection and local lymph node removal, and the average survival time was 18.7 months; 4 cases were perfomed extend radical resection, and the average survival time was 12.3 months; 5 cases were performed palliative resection, and the survival time was less than 6 months. Conclusions: Frozen section examination during opera-tion is key to diagnose unexpected gallbladder carcinoma. Radical resection is the first option once the diagnosis is confirmed, and the method can be decided according to Nevin classification and B ultrosound scaning during opreation.

Objective: To explore the parameters used for the clinical evaluation of post-trau- matic hepatic function crashing down to the ground. Methods: By establishing the animal model of liver impact injury in simulation of parachuter,blood were sampled before injuries and 15 min, 30 min,45 min,1 h, 3 h, 6 h ,9 h after injuries. Cytokines including TNF?、IL-2 and liver function parameters including ALT,AST,LD-L,GGT,ALP were measured and analyzed statistically. Results: TNF? increased after 15 min- utes, and IL-2 increased after 30 minutes(P0.05). These two pa- rameters were significantly increased all the time after injuries(P

Skin frictional properties of four kinds of prosthetic materials in common use have been researched. Experiments are carried out on residual limb and on normal tibia. Surface roughness and the hydrophobic/hydrophilic of the skin and materials are also tested. Under normal load 0.3 N and 0.7 N, the friction coefficient of silicon rubber and skin has the maximum value among all the materials due to the surface property of silicon rubber (containing oil). There is remarkable difference in friction coefficient between normal skin and amputee skin when they are in contact with silicon rubber (P<0.05). Other materials show "the higher the hydrophobia tendency of surface, the lower the friction coefficient". There are no significant differences (P>0.05) in friction coefficient between amputee skin and normal skin when they are in contact with all materials under normal load 8 N.
Acrylates ; chemistry ; Artificial Limbs ; adverse effects ; classification ; Friction ; physiology ; Humans ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Materials Testing ; Polyethylene ; chemistry ; Silicone Elastomers ; chemistry ; Skin Physiological Phenomena ; Touch ; physiology

Objective To analyze the gait kinematics parameters of patients with unilateral leg amputation after wearing prosthesis using the computer assisted rehabilitation environment (CAREN) gait assessment system,and the reasons for the differences.Methods Nine patients with unilateral mid-leg amputation were selected as the prosthesis group,and 11 healthy subjects were selected as the standard group.The gait kinematics parameters of the two groups were collected,processed and analyzed by using the CAREN gait evaluation system.Results The gait phase index of the prosthetic limb group was (0.88±0.04).Significant differences were observed between the prosthetic and healthy limbs in terms of step length,stance phase percentage,maximum hip extension angle and maximum knee flexion angle,maximum dorsiflexion and plantar flexion angle of the ankle joint during the stance phase,as well as the dorsiflexion angle of ankle joint during heel strike to the ground (P＜0.05).Moreover,there were significant differences between the affected limbs of the prosthetic limb group and limbs of the standard group in terms of the walking speed,gait cycle,stride length,percentage of stance phase,hip flexion angle,knee flexion and ankle dorsiflexion during heel strike,maximum hip extension and flexion angle,maximum dorsi-and plantar-flexion of ankle joint during stance phase (P＜0.05).Conclusion The relative symmetry of the gait of the unilateral leg amputee is (0.88±0.04),with their kinematics parameters of the prosthetic limb significantly weaker than those of the contralateral side and the healthy controls.

In order to meet the market demand for the fast and accurate genetic detection of African swine fever virus(ASFV),a new method for EIS-qPCR detection was established with a rapid,high sensitivity,and pollution prevention.Primers and probes for a duplex qPCR were designed based on the conserved region of ASFV virus p72 gene and the endogenous internal standard(EIS)cytb gene sequence in pigs.An anti-contamination system was established with uracil DNA N-gly-cosylase enzyme in the reaction system.The results showed that the method can finish the rapid qPCR detection of ASFV within 30 min with a minimal detection limit of 4.12 copies/μL.Moreo-ver,the method only detected the ASFV p72 gene,and no amplifications of classical swine fever vi-rus(CSFV),pseudorabies virus(PRV),porcine parvo virus(PPV),porcine reproductive and re-spiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV)and porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2)were observed.Repeti-tive results showed a coefficient of variation below 2％.With strong anti-pollution capacity,the method can effectively eliminate false-positive amplification caused by low-dose aerosol pollution.Detection results of 146 clinical samples showed a 100％consistence with the results of the com-mercial ASFV detection kit.Compared with similar technologies,the EIS-qPCR established in this study was faster,sensitive,and suitable for the rapid diagnosis of ASFV infection in the early stage,which provided the tool for the monitoring and precise prevention and control of African swine fever.

Objective To investigate the unmet needs for assistive technology for people with physical disabilities in Chengdu,and analyze the related factors. Methods From November,2023 to March,2024,the persons with physical disabilities in Chengdu were selected from Sichuan Individuation service platform,and investigated using World Health Organization rapid Assistive Tech-nology Assessment. Results A total of 558 questionnaires were set up,and 527 effective questionnaires retured.26.8%of them reported un-met needs for aids,with the highest need for mobility aids(66.0%).Lack of support(54.9%),high price(26.3%)and lack of knowledge about aids(20.3%)were the main reasons for not obtaining the aids they needed.Loss of spouse(OR=3.615),serious mobility impairment(OR＞2.926)and serious self-care impairment(OR＞2.781)were the risks of unmet needs for aids. Conclusion It is important to popularize policies and products of aids,pay attention to personal adaptation for people with different barriers,and strengthen the service system,to meet the needs of people with disabilities.