Objective To evaluate the efficacy of combined therapies of ablative fractional Er ∶YAG laser (2,940 nm) and ALA-PDT on refractory verruca plana.Methods 120 cases of refractory verruca plana patients were randomly divided into two groups:60 cases in the control group and 60 cases in the experimental group.The control group used 10％ ALA-PDT with LED irradiation of a power density 70 of mW/cm2 at a distance of 20 cm,which lasted for 20 min each time.The experimental group was treated with ablative fractional Er ∶ YAG laser (2,940 nm) first with the fluence of 500P/cm2 and short pulse duration,and then treated 10％ ALA-PDT as mentioned before.Every patient was treated twice at two-week intervals.Three independent investigators evaluated subject outcomes at 3 months post-treatment including efficacy and side-effects.Results The effective rate of the experimental group was 86.44 ％ at 3 months post-treatment after one to two times.Meanwhile,the control group was 59.65 ％.The clinical outcome of experimental group was better than the control group.There was significant difference between the two groups (P＜0.05).The recurrent rate of experimental group was 3.39％ and 12.30％ in control group.There was significant difference between the two groups (P＜0.05).There were no obvious side-effects in both groups.Conclusions Ablative fractional laser with low fluence promotes the transdermal absorption of ALA and enhances the efficacy of PDT.

Lung cancer is one of the malignant tumors with the highest morbidity and mortality in the world. The low early diagnosis rate and poor prognosis of patients have caused serious social burden. Regular screening of high-risk population by low-dose spiral computed tomography (LDCT) can significantly improve the early diagnosis rate of lung cancer and bring new opportunities for the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. In recent years, LDCT lung cancer screening programs have been carried out in many countries around the world and achieved good results, but there are still some controversies in the selection of screening subjects, screening frequency, cost effectiveness and other aspects. In this paper, the key factors of LDCT lung cancer screening, screening effect, pulmonary nodule management and artificial intelligence contribution to the development of LDCT will be reviewed, and the application progress of LDCT in lung cancer screening will be discussed.
.
Artificial Intelligence ; Early Detection of Cancer/methods* ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging* ; Radiation Dosage ; Tomography, Spiral Computed/methods*

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a neuroendocrine tumor with fast progression, high malignancy, easy recurrence, and extremely poor prognosis. In the past 30 years, the clinical treatment strategy of SCLC has been mainly chemotherapy and radiotherapy, but the curative effect is not significant; the current immunotherapy of SCLC has gradually entered the clinic and has made certain progress. Tumor immunotherapy includes immune checkpoint inhibitors, tumor vaccines, cytokines, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell immunotherapy (CAR-T) therapy, etc. Currently, immune checkpoint inhibitors are the most widely used. This article summarizes the principles of immune checkpoint inhibitors and related drugs, summarizes their domestic and foreign clinical trials progress in SCLC treatment, reviews the biomarkers used in the therapy, and discusses its future development direction.
.
Cancer Vaccines/therapeutic use* ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Humans ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ; Immunotherapy ; Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma/drug therapy*

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a malignant tumor with strong invasiveness and high mortality. It has the characteristics of easy metastasis, fast growth, high degree of malignancy and strong invasiveness. The prognosis of patients is generally poor. The current clinical diagnosis of SCLC is mainly based on tissue biopsy, which is invasive, long cycle time and high cost. In recent years, liquid biopsy has been gradually applied because of its non-invasive, comprehensive and real-time characteristics that traditional tissue biopsy does not have. The main detection objects of liquid biopsy include circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and exosomes in peripheral blood. The application of liquid biopsy in the clinical treatment of SCLC will help clinicians to improve the detailed diagnosis of SCLC patients, as well as the timely control and response to the treatment response of patients.
.
Biomarkers, Tumor ; Circulating Tumor DNA ; Humans ; Liquid Biopsy ; Lung Neoplasms/therapy* ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/metabolism* ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma/therapy*

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive and fatal malignant tumor. It has the characteristics of complex etiology, low differentiation, high malignancy, fast growth, strong invasiveness, early metastasis and acquired drug resistance, resulting in poor prognosis. In recent years, with the gradual deepening understanding on the molecular mechanism of SCLC and multi-omics data, it is proposed that molecular typing can be carried out according to the differential expression of key transcription factors, including SCLC-A, SCLC-N, SCLC-P and SCLC-I subtypes. Molecular typing of SCLC and its clinical application will help doctors to further optimize the detailed diagnosis and treatment plan of SCLC patients, so as to prolong the survival time and improve the quality of life of patients.
.
Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/genetics* ; Molecular Typing ; Quality of Life ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma/genetics* ; Transcription Factors

To investigate the chemical constituents of ethyl acetate from Cirsium setosum, fifteen flavonoids were obtained by column chromatography on silica gel, MCI, Sephadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified as 4',5,6-trihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone(1), 4',5-dihydroxy-7,8-dimethoxyflavone(2), sorbifolin-6-O-β-glucopyranoside(3), kaempferol-7-O-α-L-rhamnoside(4), kaempferol(5), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnoside(6), myricetin(7), myricetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside(8), 5,7- dihydroxy -3',4'- dimethoxyflavone(9), 3',4',5- trihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone(10), 3',3,4',5-tetrahydroxy-7-methoxyflavone(11), 3'-hydroxy-4',5,7-trimethoxyflavone(12), 7-hydroxy-3',4',5-trimethoxyflavone(13), 4',5-dihydroxy-2',3',7,8-tetramethoxylflavone(14), and 5-hydroxy-2',3',7,8-tetramethoxylflavone(15) by spectroscopic data analysis. All compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.Compounds(1-15) were evaluated for their hypoglycemic activities by PTP1B enzyme model. Among them, compounds 2, 12, and 14 showed significant PTP1B inhibitory activities with IC₅₀ values of 2.54, 1.85, 2.11 μmol•L⁻¹, respectively.

Enhancing the heat-sensitivity of tumor cells provides an alternative solution to maintaining the therapeutic outcome of photothermal therapy (PTT). In this study, we constructed a therapeutic system, which was composed of methoxy-polyethylene-glycol-coated-gold-nanorods (MPEG-AuNR) and VER-155008-micelles, to evaluate the effect of VER-155008 on the sensitivity of tumor cells to heat, and further investigate the therapeutic outcome of MPEG-AuNR mediated PTT combined with VER-155008- micelles. VER-155008- micelles down-regulate the expression of heat shock proteins and attenuate the heat-resistance of tumor cell. The survival of HCT116 cells treated with VER-155008- micelles under 45 °C is equal to that treated with high temperature hyperthermia (55 °C) . Furthermore, we proved either the MPEG-AuNR or VER-155008- micelles can be accumulate in the tumor site by photoacoustic imaging and fluorescent imaging. anti-cancer evaluation showed that tumor size remarkably decreased (smaller than 100 mm or vanished) when treated with combing 45 °C mild PTT system, which contrasted to the tumor size when treated with individual 45 °C mild PTT (around 500 nm) or normal saline as control (larger than 2000 nm). These results proved that the VER-155008- micelles can attenuate the heat-resistance of tumor cells and enhance the therapeutic outcome of mild-temperature photothermal therapy.