Objective To explore the value of procalcitonin(PCT ) as early predictor of bloodstream infections .Methods Blood culturing and PCT detection were carried out simultaneously in 530 blood specimens collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University from January to December 2014 .All strains were identified by using automatic identification microbial an‐alyzer ,and levels of PCT were analyzed by using automatic enzyme‐linked fluorescent immune system .The diagnostic efficacy of PCT was evaluated by using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve .Results A total of 77 specimens were with negative results of blood culturing ,and a total of 453 specimens were with positive results of culturing .Among those specimens with positive results of blood culturing ,there was 114 strains of gram‐positive bacteria ,306 strains of gram‐negative bacteria ,and 33 strains of fungi .ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of PCT test in all pathogenic bacteria ,gram‐negative bacteria ,gram‐positive bacteria and fungi were 0 .760 ,0 .778 ,0 .741 and 0 .686 ,respectively .In maximum Youden′s indexes ,the cut off values were 0 .453 0 ,0 .683 5 ,0 .457 0 and 0 .399 5 ng/mL respectively ,and 0 .453 0 ng/mL was the threshold in diagnosis of bloodstream infec‐tion .Conclusion PCT is a good indicator for early diagnosing bloodstream infection ,and has better timeliness and higher sensitivity than blood culture .Moreover ,the diagnostic efficacy of PCT for gram‐negative bacteria bloodstream infections was better than that for gram‐positive bacteria and fungi bloodstream infections .

Objective To study the early diagnostic value of olfactory function measurement to Alzheimer disease (AD). Method Detected the thresholds of detectability, identification threshold with pictu.re-based odor identification test in 21 AD patients (AD group) and 21 healthy elderly people (control group), and evaluated the relationship with mini-mental state examination (MMSE). Results AD group was impaired on threshglds of detectability [(1.81±0.75) scores], identification threshold [(2.48±0.68) scores]compared with control group [(1.24±0.89) scores and (2.00±0.71) scores, P< 0.05]. The thres holds of detectability and identification threshold were related to MMSE in AD group (r =-0.50,-0.54, P< 0.01). Conclusion The early diagnostic value of olfactory function measurement to AD is very great.

Objective:To observe the impact of rehabilitation training,acupuncture-moxibustion combined with Danshen Chuanxiongqin acupoint injection on the patients with shoulder-hand syndrome (SHS) after cerebral infarction (CI).Methods:82 patients with SHS after CI from March 2014 to March 2016 in our hospital were randomly divided into the group A and the group B (n=41).Patients in the group A received comprehensive drug therapy,acupuncture and rehabilitation training,the group B was given Danshen Chuanxiongqin acupoint injection therapy based on the group A.Before and after treatment,the upper limb movement function score (FMA),digital pain score (NRS),the degree of swelling in the shoulder joint,shoulder joint of motion (ROM),and neural function defect scale (CNFDS),daily life activities ability (MBI) and quality of life scores (WHOQOL) of patients in two groups were compared and analyzed.Results:After treatment,the scores of NRS,shoulder swelling,upper extremity CNFDS were significantly higher than those before treatment,the ROM,while the upper extremity FMA,MBI and WHOQOL of both groups were significantly decreased (P＜0.05),these index improved more significantly in group A than those of group B (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Rehabilitation training,acupuncture-moxibustion combined with Danshen Chuanxiongqin acupoint injection was more effective in the treatment of SHS after cerebral infarction than rehabilitation training and acupuncture-moxibustion.

BACKGROUND: Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project(OCSP) is a new type of clinical classification for subdividing cerebral infarction(CI) conducted on the basis of a large-scale of investigation of stroke in the population of Oxfordshire Community, England in 1991. This kind of classification completely bases on the clinical manifestations without the help of diagnostic instruments, which can predict site and size of the lesion and the involved vessels.OBJECTIVE: To acknowledge the clinical classification of CI patients with Bamford's OCSP and its significance in predicting their long-term functional prognosis.DESIGN: Clinical observation, comparison and verified study based on patients.SETTING: Neurological department in a university hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Between January 1st and December 31st 2001, totally 126 patients with cerebrovascular disease were hospitalized in the Neurological Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Xi' an Jiaotong University,including 82 males and 44 females.METHODS: Totally 126 in-patients with CI were subdivided with Bamford's OCSP classification, and their disablity was assessed with Barthel index (BI)and modified Rankin Scale(mRS) when they were discharged and 3 months and 6 months later.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Classification of patients with CI and their scores of BI and mRS when they were discharged and 3 months and 6months later.RESULTS: Of the 126 patients, 8(6. 3% ) patients were confirmed of total anterior circulation infarction (TACI), 29 (23. 0% ) of part anterior circulation infarction(PACI), 78(61.9% ) of lacunar infarction(LACI), 11(8.7%) of posterior circulation infarction(POCI) . They were followed-up for 6 months, and meanwhile 12 patients died. Of the other 114 cases the prognosis of TACI was the worst, while the prognosis of POCI and LACI was relatively better than that of PACI.CONCLUSION: CI is predominated by LACI. OCSP is effective for predicting long-term functional prognosis of patients with CI. But it is necessary to make multi-center prospective study on a much larger scale of samples of disease.