Objective To discuss the influence of Yifei-Kangxin capsule on MMP-1 in Wistar rats model with pulmonary heart disease. Methods 40 Wistar rats with pulmonary heart disease were averagely grouped as Normal Group, Model Group, Therapeutic Group and Comparative Group randomly by weight. The rats in Therapeutic Group were given Yifei-Kangxin capsule and the rats in Comparative Group were given Nifedipine. The course of treatment was 15 days. The rats were killed at the next 7th, 14th and 28th day separately to test MMP-1 in pulmonary tissue. Results After the treatment, the expression of MMP-1 in pulmonary tissue of the Therapeutic Group[7 d, 14 d, 28 d was(0.231±0.017)ng/m、(0.308±0.081)ng/m、(0.358±0.074)ng/m]was lower than the Model Group[7 d, 14 d, 28 d was(0.266±0.036)ng/m 、(0.315± 0.060)ng/m、(0.612±0.091)ng/m]. Conclusion Yifei-Kangxin capsule can inhibit the expression of MMP-1 in the rats model pulmonary heart disease.

The introduction of MOOC to medical education in China can greatly promote the development of modern medical education.Using the content analysis method,the paper systemizes the research literatures on MOOC published in 2013-2015 in China.According to the analysis,currently,the research on MOOC in China is still in the initial stage.Therefore,it proposes the focus of domestic research on MOOC and the research development direction in medical education in the future.

Objective. To study the performance of free nerve graft with vascular implantation.Material and method. Three groups of rats were used. A 10 mm nerve defect was made in the sciatic nerve. It was repaired respectively with vascularised nerve graft(VNG), free nerve graft with vascular implantation(NGV) or free nerve graft(NG). Before 30 days the revascularisation of the nerve graft was assessed;at 2 to 3 month regeneration of nerve was evaluated. Histochemical staining, vascular morphology and electrophysiological examination were undertaken.Result and conclusion. The number of regenerated blood vessels in VNG and NGV was significantly increased than that in NG before 30 days. The ratio of regenerated nerve fiber area and conduction velocity in the first two groups were much better than those in NG at 2 to 3 months.

Humans ; Joint Diseases ; Ulna

From June 1998 to May 2007, 9566 urine samples were collected from patients with psychomotor deficits, seizures, vomiting and unconsciousness in Peking University First Hospital. Their urine organic acids profiles were analysed using gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GCMS), GCMS solution and Inborn Errors of Metabolism Screening System software. In all patients, blood acylcarnitines were analysed using tandem mass spectrometry. One hundred and sixty-eight patients (1.76%) with organic acidurias were detected. Among them, 116 (116/ 168, 69.0%) had methylmalonic aciduria, 63 (54.3%) of these 116 patients had methylmalonic aciduria combined with homocysteinemia. Sixteen (9.5%) of those patients detected with organic acidurias had propionic aciduria, and 15 (8.9%) had multiple carboxylase deficiency. Seven (4.2%) had glutaric aciduria type 1. After dietary treatment, medicine and rehabilitation, clinical improvements were observed in more than half of the patients. Twenty-eight of the 168 patients (16.7%) recovered and led a normal life. The method of urine organic acid analysis by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry and blood acylcarnitines analysis by tandem mass spectrometry have been established and applied successfully in China, namely Beijing, Shanghai, Wuhan and Guangzhou. The prognoses of Chinese patients with organic acidurias have also improved significantly.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Metabolic Diseases ; urine ; Methylmalonic Acid ; urine ; Multiple Acyl Coenzyme A Dehydrogenase Deficiency ; urine ; Propionic Acidemia ; urine

BACKGROUNDMulti-detector computed tomography (MDCT) has already been the first line investigation method for diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE). Reducing the amount of contrast medium used during CT scanning could decrease the incidental rate of adverse reactions. Our study amied to evaluate the image quality of pulmonary arteries using 64 slice multi-detector CT with small volumes of contrast media injection.

METHODSForty nonconsecutive patients without PE or other lung diseases were randomly assigned to two groups. Group A underwent CT scanning with 16 x 1.25 mm collimation and a 70 ml contrast injection, while group B had CT with 64 x 0.625 mm collimation and 20 ml of contrast injection. Two readers independently depicted the segmental and subsegmental pulmonary arteries. Reasons we could not analyze the pulmonary artery or that led to misdiagnosis of pulmonary embolism were evaluated, including the degree of contrast enhancement of the main pulmonary artery, and factors that caused misdiagnosis of PE (flow-related artifacts, partial volume artifact, beam-hardening artifacts and enhancement of pulmonary vein). The independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson chi-square test were applied.

RESULTSThere were no significant differences in image quality of segmental and subsegmental arteries between the two groups. No significant difference was found for factors that made pulmonary arteries non-analyzable or in the misdiagnosis of PE, except the degree of contrast enhancement.

CONCLUSION64 x 0.625 mm collimation with 20 ml contrast injection could depict the pulmonary arteries well.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angiography ; methods ; Contrast Media ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pulmonary Embolism ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods ; Ultrasonography

The active components of Astragali Radix, its patent drugs and preparations can play a protective role on brain tissue through a variety of pharmacological effects such as anti-oxidative stress, inhibition of cell apoptosis, protection of blood-brain barrier, alleviation of inflammatory response, inhibition of ferroptosis, promotion of nerve cell regeneration and new angiogenesis. In the basic research of Astragali Radix in the treatment of ischemic stroke, the repetition rate of experimental indexes is high. The research on upstream levels such as signal pathway and cell type should be strengthened, and the basic research should be effectively connected with clinical research.

Houpo Qiwutang originated from the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber， and it consists of seven medicines： Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex， Rhei Radix et Rhizoma， Aurantii Fructus Immaturus， Cinnamomi Ramulus， Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， and Jujubae Fructus. It is a basic formula for the treatment of abdominal fullness. Through the bibliometric method， the historical history， drug base， preparation and dosage， decoction method， and ancient and modern applications of Houpu Qiwu Tang were analyzed by means of textual research. The research finds that Houpu Qiwu Tang has been passed down through the generations in an orderly manner with fewer changes. The drug base of this formula is basically clear， and the base of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex， Rhei Radix et Rhizoma， Cinnamomi Ramulus， Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens， and Jujubae Fructus is consistent with the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The mainstream base of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus is the dried young fruit of Citrus aurantium of Rutaceae family， and the historical mainstream base of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is the dried root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis of Leguminosae family. The modern dosage of this formula is 110.40 g of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex， 41.40 g of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma， 69 g of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus， 27.60 g of Cinnamomi Ramulus， 69 g of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens， 41.40 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， and 30 g of Jujubae Fructus. In addition， the decoction method is to add 2 000 mL of water with the above seven flavors of the medicine， boil it to 800 mL， and then take 160 mL in a warm state each time. The amount of the medicine taken for each time is 22.08 g of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex， 8.28 g of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma， 13.80 g of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus， 5.52 g of Cinnamomi Ramulus， 13.80 g of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens， 8.28 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， and 6 g of Jujubae Fructus. The modern application of this formula involves the digestive system， respiratory system， and urinary system. It is more advantageous in digestive system diseases such as early postoperative inflammatory bowel obstruction， functional dyspepsia， gastric pain， functional abdominal distension， and gastric reflux esophagitis. By comprehensively examining the key information of Houpu Qiwu Tang， this paper aims to provide literature support for the development and clinical application of this formula.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of Dingkundan on Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） at a stable phase. MethodA randomized controlled clinical design method was adopted， and 60 patients who were diagnosed with Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome in COPD at a stable phase in the outpatient and inpatient departments of the respiratory department of Guang' anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from June 2019 to December 2019 were divided into observation group and control group according to 1∶1. During the study period， there was no dropout， loss of follow-up， or exclusion between the two groups. On the basis of both groups receiving traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） lung rehabilitation training， the observation group took Dingkundan 7 g/time orally， twice a day. The control group received oral administration of the same specification of Dingkundan starch simulator of 7 g/time， twice a day. Both groups have a treatment period of 12 weeks. The COPD Assessment Test （CAT）， modified Medical Research Council （mMRC）， fatigue scale-14 （FS-14）， self-rating anxiety scale （SAS）， self-rating depression scale （SDS）， 6-minute walk distance （6MWD）， and pulmonary function before and after treatment were evaluated. ResultAfter treatment， both groups showed improvements in CAT， mMRC， FS-14， SAS scores， and 6MWD （P<0.05）. The observation group also showed improvements in SDS scores and lung function indicators （P<0.05）. Compared with the control group after treatment， the observation group showed more significant improvement in CAT， FS-14， SAS， SDS scores， and 6MWD （P<0.05）. ConclusionDingkundan has a clear therapeutic effect on Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome in patients with COPD at a stable phase. It can reduce symptom burden， enhance exercise capacity， and improve psychological status and has the potential to improve lung function.

BACKGROUND: China has the world's largest tea plantation area in the world. To sustain high yields of the tea, multiple pesticides are used on tea crops to control pests. Organophosphorus (OP) pesticides are among the most widely used types of agricultural pesticides in China. As tea is a significant potential source of exposure to pesticide residues, the public concern has increased in relation to pesticide residues found in tea in China. The aim of the study was to estimate cumulative dietary exposure to OP residues from tea infusion for Chinese tea consumers to determine whether exposure to OP residues from tea infusion is a cause of health concern for tea consumers in China. METHODS: OP residue data were obtained from the China National Monitoring Program on Food Safety (2013-2014), encompassing 1687 tea samples from 12 provinces. Tea consumption data were obtained from the China National Nutrient and Health Survey (2002), comprising 506 tea consumers aged 15-82 years. The transfer rates of residues from tea leaves into tea infusions were obtained from the literature. The relative potency factor (RPF) approach was used to estimate acute cumulative exposure to 20 OP residues from tea infusion using methamidophos as the index compound. Dietary exposure was calculated in a probabilistic way. RESULTS: For tea consumers, the mean and the 99.9th percentile (P99.9) of cumulative dietary exposure to OP residues from tea infusion equalled 0.08 and 1.08 μg/kg bw/d. When compared with the acute reference dose (ARfD), 10 μg/kg bw/d for methamidophos, this accounts for 0.8 and 10.8% of the ARfD. CONCLUSIONS Even when considering OP residues from vegetables, fruits and other foods, there are no health concerns based on acute dietary exposure to OP residues from tea infusion. However, it is necessary to strengthen the management of the OP pesticides used on tea in China to reduce the risk of chronic dietary exposure to OPs from tea infusion.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; Dietary Exposure ; analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organophosphorus Compounds ; analysis ; Pesticide Residues ; analysis ; Risk Assessment ; methods ; Tea ; chemistry ; Young Adult