Objective To study the etiology and antibiotic resistance of bloodstream infections in low birth weight preterm infants .Methods A total of 95 cases of bloodstream infections in low birth weight preterm infants were treated in our hospital from January 2011 to April 2014 .The clinical data of these patients were analyzed retrospectively .Results A total of 96 pathogens were isolated ,including 57 strains of gram‐negative bacilli ,38 strains of gram‐positive cocci ,and 1 strains of Trichosporon asahii .The most frequently isolated pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae (40 strains)and coagulase‐negative Staphylococcus(31 strains).All gram‐negative bacilli were sensitive to carbapenems such as imipenem and panipenem . Streptococcus isolates were sensitive to most antibiotics .Most Staphylococcus isolates were methicillin‐resistant ,which were highly resistant to common antibiotics but all sensitive to linezolid , vancomycin and teicoplanin . Conclusions The most important pathogens responsible for bloodstream infections in low birth weight preterm infants in our hospital are K lebsiella pneumoniae and coagulase‐negative Staphylococcus . Early identification of responsible pathogen and rational antimicrobial therapy are critical for good prognosis of bloodstream infections in low birth weight preterm infants .

OBJECTIVE: To determine if greater efficacy could be achieved with the intranasal antihistamine azelastine and the intranasal corticosteroid fluticasone propionate used concurrently in the treatment of nasal obstruction of persistent non-allergic rhinitis. METHOD: A total of 162 persistent non-allergic rhinitis cases with moderate to severe nasal obstruction were randomized to treatment with the following: the combination therapy or nasal corticosteroids monotherapy. Efficacy was assessed by change from baseline in nasal obstruction score at week 2 and week 6 visits. The perceptions of global treatment satisfaction(convenience, side effects, cost and effectiveness) in both groups were analyzed. RESULT: In both groups, the nasal obstruction score assessment descended significantly at week 2 and week 6 visits versus at baseline (all P < 0.01). At week 2 and week 6 visits, the nasal obstruction score in the combination therapy groups were significantly improved than that in nasal corticosteroids monotherapy groups (all P < 0.01). The perceptions of global treatment satisfaction in the combination therapy groups were significantly better (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Azelastine nasal spray and intranasal corticosteroid in combination may provide a substantial therapeutic benefit for patients with persistent non-allergic rhinitis, especially nasal obstruction. The combination therapy was well tolerated and safety.
Administration, Intranasal ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Histamine H1 Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Nasal Obstruction ; Phthalazines ; therapeutic use ; Rhinitis ; drug therapy

Rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) is the best model to study of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and to develop acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) vaccine. The crystal structure of its major histocompatibility antigen complex (MHC) is helpful to understand the mechanism of HIV immune evasion. In this study, we cloned the light chain (beta2m) of MHC class I allele of rhesus macaques, Mamu-A*02, and inserted it into pET21a(+) vector. We transfected the recombinant plasmid pET21a(+)-Mamu-beta2m and pET21a(+)-Mamu-alpha into BL21(DE3). Mamu-A*02 and beta2m were expressed in the form of inclusion bodies in BL21 (DE3). We co-refolded the inclusion bodies of Mamu-alpha and Mamu-beta2m with SIV nonapeptide YY9 and obtained the correct refolded protein complex. Then we purified the protein complex by the gel filtration and anion-exchange column. With hanging-drop method, we screened and optimized for the protein crystal. We managed to collect a X-ray diffraction with the resolution to 2.8 angstroms in the condition of 0.1 mol/L BIS-TRIS (pH5.5), 2.0 mol/L(NH4)2SO4. This crystal belong to perpendicular space group P2(1)2(1)2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 128.99 angstroms, b = 129.01 angstroms, c = 129.03 angstroms. This data is available for the structure determination.
Animals ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Epitopes ; immunology ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Macaca mulatta ; Oligopeptides ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus ; immunology

Objective To establish a model of renovascular hypertension.Methods A 4/0 resorbable chromic catgut ligature was used to ligate subtotally the renal arteries of 18 dogs, forming experimental renovascular hypertension steadily. Blood pressure, plasma renin activity, the ultrastructural changes of juxtaglomerular apparatus and renal artery wall were studied after the constriction.Results It was reasonable that renal blood flow measured with an electromagnetic flowmeter was reduced by 30% after the constriction. The pathological changes of the induced renal artery stenosis were similar to those of fibromuscular dysphasia. Conclusion The findings provide valuable evidence for the treatment of renovascular hypertension.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy of interventional therapy in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

METHODSThirty-three patients with HCC were synthetically treated by systematic measures. Among them, percutaneous port-catheter system (PCS) implantation via the femoral artery was performed in 21 cases. Patients with haemorrhage were treated with prothrombin complex concentrate and fibroraas, and patients with hepatic encephalopathy by branched-chain amino acids and arginine.

RESULTSAll indwelling catheters of PCS were patent and no catheter tip dislocations were observed. Of 33 patients with advanced HCC, the mean survival rate was 20.1 months and 12 (36%) patients survived more than 2 years.

CONCLUSIONPatients with advanced HCC were treated by synthetic measures. Survival was prolonged, quality of life was improved significantly, and the effectiveness of interventional therapy was further improved.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; mortality ; therapy ; Catheters, Indwelling ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; mortality ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of celecoxib in treating inflammatory(Type IIIA) chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome(CP/CPPS-IIIA type).

METHODSSixty-four patients with diagnosed CP/CPPS-IIIA were randomized equally into two groups, Group A treated with celecoxib 200 mg daily(qd), while Group B with 200 mg twice a day(bid), both for 6 weeks. The white blood cell (WBC) count in expressed prostate secretion(EPS) and National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index(NIH-CPSI) were assessed and compared at baseline(0 week) and at 2, 4, 6 weeks or the endpoint.

RESULTSThe mean number of WBC in EPS and the mean NIH-CPSI total scores were decreased gradually after treatment from baseline in both groups. The mean number of WBC of in EPS of either group at the endpoint was decreased by 46.2% and 69.4% respectively(Group A vs Group B) compared with the baseline level. The mean NIH-CPSI total scores of the two groups were decreased respectively by 5.6 and 8.3 points (Group A vs Group B). In terms of the above two parameters, Group B, responded better than Group A to the treatment. The differences observed above were statistically significant(all P < 0.05). No serious adverse event presented.

CONCLUSIONCelecoxib is effective and safe for patients with CP/CPPS(IIIA). The dosage of 200 mg twice a day is more efficacious than that of 200 mg daily.

Adult ; Celecoxib ; Chronic Disease ; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatitis ; drug therapy ; Pyrazoles ; Sulfonamides ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVE：To study the effects and mechanism of panaxadiol （PD） on Tau protein phosphorylation in the SH-SY5Y cells transfected with APP gene（APP-SH-SY5Y）. METHODS ：The target of PD and non-receptor tyrosine kinases Fyn was verified by molecular docking. SH-SY 5Y cells were cultured in vitro ，and the APP-SH-SY 5Y cell models and green fluorescent （GFP）-SH-SY5Y cell model （control cell ）was constructed. The expression of Aβ1-42 was detected so as to verify the success of APP-SH-SY5Y cell model. Taking GFP-SH-SY 5Y cells as control ，the effects of 5，10，20，30，40 μmol/L PD and 125，250， 500，1 000，2 000 nmol/L PP 2（Fyn inhibitor ，positive control ）on the survival rate of APP-SH-SY 5Y cells were detected by CCK-8 assay after treated for 24 h，so as to confirm the optimal concentration. The concentration of Ca 2 + ，the ratio fophosphorylated Tau protein （p-Tau）/Tau，phosphorylatedn Src（p-Src）/Fyn and phosphorylated glutamate receptor 2B（p-GluN2B）/ GluN2B were detected in APP-SH-SY 5Y cells after trated with the optimal concentration of PD and PP 2 for 24 h. RESULTS ：The results of molecular simulation docking showed that PD could target Fyn protein. Compared with GFP-SH-SY 5Y cells ，the protein expression of Aβ1-42 in APP-SH-SY 5Y cell were increased significantly （P＜0.01）. The optimal concentration of PD and PP 2 were 20 μmol/L and 500 nmol/L. The 20 μmol/L PD and 500 nmol/L PP 2 could increase the survival rate of the cells and reduced the concentration of Ca 2+，the ratio of p-Tau/Tau ，p-Src/Fyn，and p-GluN 2B/GluN2B. CONCLUSIONS：PD can reduce the the phosphorylation of Tau protein through inhibiting Fyn/GluN 2B signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the feasibility of endoscopic salvage surgery for patients with rT2 recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (rNPC) and to analyze their prognostic factors.Methods:The clinical data of 33 patients with rT2 rNPC who underwent endoscopic extended nasopharyngectomy in Eye & ENT Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University from January 2015 to July 2020 were analyzed, including 29 males (87.9%) and 4 females (12.1%), aging (51.7±10.6) years. The clinicopathological characteristics of these patients were recorded and analyzed, in terms of gender, sex, alcohol and cigarette use, interval between primary treatment to recurrence, adjuvant therapy, lymph node metastasis, internal carotid artery (ICA) invasion, necrosis, margin and reconstruction materials. Kaplan Meier analysis was used to plot the overall survival rate and progression free survival rate curve, Log-rank test was used to analyze the prognostic factors among patients, and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression was used to determine the independent risk factors of tumor progression free survival.Results:Among 33 patients with rT2 rNPC, the recurrence interval of 24 patients with rNPC after primary radiotherapy was more than 2 years. A total of 25 patients received primary radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy at the same time. There were 6 cases with cervical lymph node metastasis, 12 cases with ICA invasion, 8 cases with positive surgical margin, 7 cases underwent ICA embolization before operation. A total of 18 cases underwent pedicled tissue flap repairment after operation, including 12 pedicled nasal septal mucosa flaps and 6 temporalis muscle flaps. The median follow-up time was 15 months. Five patients died because of disease progression (in 2 cases), post surgical ICA hemorrhage (in 1 case), liver metastasis (in 1 case) and dysphagia (in 1 case). The 1-year, 2-year and 3-year overall survival rates of all patients were 93.9%, 81.8% and 81.8%, respectively. The 1-year, 2-year and 3-year progression free survival rates were 74.7%, 59.7% and 40.9%, respectively. Log-rank statistical analysis showed that the positive surgical margin ( P=0.060) and recurrence interval ( P=0.151) were possibly related to the prognosis of rT2 rNPC. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the positive surgical margin was an independent risk factor for patients with rT2 rNPC ( P=0.034). Nasopharynx hemorrhage occurred in 4 patients, skull base bone necrosis occurred in 2 patients, trismus occurred in 3 patients, and no obvious brain complications occurred in 7 patients with ICA embolization. Conclusion:Endoscopic salvage surgery for rT2 rNPC is a safe and effective surgical option, but the long-term effect still needs long-term follow-up in bulk cases.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of osthole on the expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) cell model and its mechanism. METHODS: The SH-SY5Y cell with over expression of APP was established by transfection by liposome 2000. The cells were treated with different concentrations of osthole, and the cell viability was determined by MTT and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. The differentially expressed miRNAs with and without osthole treatment were detected by miRNA array, and the target genes binding to the differentially expressed miRNAs were identified and verified by databases and Cytoscape. After the inhibitor of the differentially expressed miRNA was transduced into cells, the changes of APP and amyloid β (Aβ) protein were determined by immunofluorescence cytochemistry, and the mRNA expression of APP was determined by RT-PCR. RESULTS: The AD cell model with over expression of APP was established successfully. The results of MTT and LDH assay showed that osthole had a protective effect on cells and alleviated cell damage. miR-101a-3p was identified as the differentially expressed miRNA, which was binding to the 3'-UTR of APP. Compared with APP group, the expression of APP and Aβ protein and APP mRNA increased in the miR-101a-3p inhibitor group (all <0.01), while the expression of APP and Aβ protein and APP mRNA decreased in the cells with osthole treatment (all <0.01). CONCLUSIONS Osthole inhibits the expression of APP by up-regulating miR-101a-3p in AD cell model.
Alzheimer Disease ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor ; genetics ; Cell Line ; Coumarins ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; genetics ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective:To assess the prognosis of sinonasal adenoid cystic carcinoma with hard palatine invasion treated by transnasal endoscopic total maxillectomy. Methods:Clinical data of twenty-six patients with sinonasal adenoid cystic carcinoma invading hard palatine treated by transnasal endoscopic total maxillectomy between May 2014 and December 2020 was analyzed retrospectively. Survival rate, local recurrence and distant metastasis were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier method. Cox regression was used to investigate the prognosis factors. Masticatory function after maxillectomy has also been assessed using the questionnaire of patients' satisfaction about masticatory function. Results:Margins in 8 patients（30%） were positive. The median time of follow-up was 38 months（6 to 85 months）. Twenty-five patients recurred. Four patients died of distant metastasis. The 5-year overall survival rate and relapse-free survival rate was 79.5% and 89.1%, respectively. Independent predictors of outcome on multivariate analysis were positive margin（P=0.018）, recurrence（P=0.006） and distant metastasis（P=0.04）. Conclusion:Transnasal endoscopic total maxillectomy could be performed for the treatment of the sinonasal adenoid cystic carcinoma with hard palatine invasion. Positive margin, local recurrence and distant metastasis were important predictors for patients' prognosis.
Humans ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic/pathology* ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms/pathology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology* ; Prognosis