Objective:To explore the effect of ligustrazine on Th17 cell and the expression of Th17/Treg characteristic cytokines in a model of asthma.Methods: Male BALB/c mice were randomly devided into four groups , including the normal control group,the model group,the ligustrazine treatment group and the DXM treatment group ,with 10 mice in each group.In the model group, mice were sensitized with the OVA respectively.In the treatment group ,mice were also sensitized and challenged as model group and in addition were intraperitoneally injected with the ligustrazine or DXM.The mice of control group were intraperitoneally injected normal sodium instead of OVA and challenged by inhaling normal sodium instead of OVA in challenge phase respectively .Animals were sacrificed to detect the percentage of CD 4+CD25+T regulatory cells and Th17 cells in the blood were measured by flow cytometry ,and the cytokines,including IL-17 and IL-10,in the blood serum by ELISA.Results:The mice of model group showed the performances of a typical asthma.In treatment group ,the symptoms above mentioned became lighter.The mice of control group were generally in good condition;the lung tissue from the mice of model group showed widen alveolar septum , narrowed bronchial lumen , thicken bronchial wall,and numerous inflammatory cells infiltrated around the small vessels and bronchioles.In ligustrazine treatment group, the pulmonary inflammation was obviously relieved compared with the model group;the percentages of CD 4+CD25+T regulatory cell both in the peripheral blood and in the total CD 4+T cells were significantly lower in the mice of model group than in the mice of control group , and were higher in the treatment group than in the model group;the level of IL-10 in serum was significantly lower in the model group than in the control group ,and was higher in the treatment group than in the model group.The level of IL-17 of serum was significantly higher in the model group than in the control group , and was significantly lower in the treatment group than in the model group.Conclusion:Ligustrazine can adjust the Th 17/Treg balance and reduce the inflammation of lung tissue in asthma mice by up-regulating CD4+CD25+T regulatory cell and then restraining the Th 17 response , and play a preventive/control asthma attack role in asthma model mouse.

Background The generation of advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) is one of the most important characteristics in diabetes mellitus (DM).Its role in diabetic eye disease is still unclear.Objective This study was to investigate the changes of AGE levels in human cataractous lens in diabetic patients and further explore the relationship of lens AGEs with early diabetic retinopathy (DR).Methods This study protocol was approved by Ethic Committee of He Eye Hospital.A cases controlled clinical study was carried out.Forty human nuclei were obtained from 40 cataract patients during the phacoemulcification in He Eye Hospital from August to December 2014,with the nuclear hardness of Ⅲ-Ⅳ grades (Emery grading).The eyes were divided into non-DM (NDM) group and DM group,and the DM group was further divided into non-DR (NDR) group,non-proliferative DR (NPDR) group and proliferative DR (PDR) group.Lens AGE level was quantitatively detected by ELISA.Results The content of pentosidine was (31.90±5.00),(35.83±4.22) and (38.59±5.11)pg/ml,and that of carboxymethyl lysine (CML) was (18.82±3.84),(19.65±2.12) and (23.77±4.73) μg/L,and that of imidazolone was (13.12±2.71),(14.48±2.01) and (15.37 ±2.74) pg/ml in the NDR group,NPDR group and PDR group,respectively,which was significantly higher than (27.69 ± 1.53) pg/ml,(11.36 ±1.47) μg/L and (10.21 ± 0.54) pg/ml in the NDM group (all at P＜0.01).The contents of pentosidine and CML in the lens were significantly higher in the PDR group than those in the NDR group (all at P＜0.05);while there was no significant differences in the pentosidine content in the lens among the NDR group,NPDR group and PDR group (all at P＞0.05).The positive correlations were found between CML content and pentosidine content (r =0.623,P =0.000),between CML content and imidazolone content (r =0.717,P =0.000) as well as between pentosidine content and imidazolone content (r=0.669,P =0.000).Conclusions The levels of pentosidine,CML and imidazolone in cataractous lens are obviously elevated in the DM patients.The levels of pentosidine and CML in the lens are gradually raised as the aggravation of DR.AGEs might be a potential maker for the assessment of diabetes.

Objective To investigate the expression of m onocyte chem otactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and its receptor CCchem okine receptor-2 (CCR-2) in coronary atherosclerosis plaques betw een sudden coro-nary death (SCD ) and non-SCD. Methods The expression levels of MCP-1 and CCR-2 in SCD group, coronary atherosclerosis group (non-SCD), control group (norm al coronary artery) w ere detected by im-m unohistochem istry. Results Positive rates of MCP-1 am ong the three groups w ere 78%, 47%, and 0%, respectively, w ith significant expressing differences betw een each tw o groups (P<0.05). Positive rates of CCR-2 am ong three groups w ere 72%, 47%, and 0%, respectively, w ith significant expressing differ-ences betw een the SCD group and coronary atherosclerosis group as w ell as betw een the SCD group and control group (P<0.05), but w ith no significant expressing difference betw een coronary atherosclero-sis group and control group (P>0.05). Conclusion O verexpression of MCP-1 and CCR-2 in coronary atherosclerotic plaques is closely correlated w ith SCD .

Objective: To investigate the effects of domestic bivalirudin on plasma intercellular adhesion molecular-1 (ICAM-1) during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods: Sixty PCI candidates were randomly divided into heparin group (n =30) and bivalirudin group (n =30).They were respectively treated with intravenous heparin and domestic bivalirudin as the anticoagulants during PCI.ICAM-1 in blood was measured before PCI and in 2h, 1d and 7d after PCI, respectively.Results: In heparin group, ICAM-1 level decreased significantly in 2 h after the intravenous injection when compared with that before the injection and that in bivalirudin group at the same time point (P＜0.05).No significant differences in ICAM-1 level were found on the 1st and 7th day after PCI in the two groups when compared with that before the administration (P＞0.05).Mild bleeding occurred in three patients receiving heparin and one patient receiving bivalirudin,but there was no significant difference after PCI.Conclusion: Compared with bivalivudin, heparin has a short inhibitory effect on the expression of ICAM-1 during PCI.It is beneficial to the patients with kidney disease or stroke during PCI.

Objective To explore the effects of dexmedetomidine on peripheral blood T lymphocyte proliferation and T lymphocyte subsets of juvenile rats with splenectomy.Methods Twenty-four healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 130-150 g,aged six weeks were enrolled in this study.Half of the rats received splenectomy to make an immunosuppressive model,then they were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=6 each): splenectomy+normal saline group (group SN) and splenectomy+dexmedetomidine group(group SD).The another half of the rats without splenectomy were randomly divided into 2 groups: normal saline group(group S) and dexmedetomidine group(group D).After one week of normal feeding,normal saline 10 ml/kg was injected intraperitoneally (ip) in groups S and SN,dexmedetomidine 50 μg/kg was injected ip in groups D and SD respectively.Two hours after the injection,blood samples were collected.MTT was utilized to examine the peripheral blood T lymphocyte proliferative capability.T lymphocyte subsets CD4+,CD8+ were determined by flow cytometry.CD4+/CD8+ was calculated.Results Compared with group S,T lymphocyte proliferative capability,the percentages CD4+,CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ ratio were significantly decreased in group SN (P<0.05);T lymphocyte proliferative capability in group D was decreased (P<0.05),but no significant changes was found in the percentages CD4+,CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ ratio.Compared with the group D,T lymphocyte proliferative capability,the percentages CD4+,CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in group SD were significantly decreased (P<0.05).Compared with the group SN,T lymphocyte proliferative capability in group SD was significantly decreased (P<0.05).Conclusion Cellular immune function of juvenile rats with or without splenectomy is suppressed by dexmedetomidine,and the suppressive function is more severe in splenectomy rats than that in normal juvenile rats.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of ultrafiltration technology in endotoxin removal from purified recombinant MUC1-MBP fusion protein (MUC1-MBP)and to demonstrate the effect of ultrafiltration on endotoxin removal.Methods CM Sepharose FF weak cation exchange (CM)(CM group), CM combined with Phenyl Sepharose 6 FF exchange (C6)(CM+C6 group),CM combined with ultrafiltration (CM+ultrafiltration group), and CM combined with C6 and ultrafiltration (CM+C6+ultrafiltration group)were used to purify the MUC1-MBP from E.coli. and remove endotoxin;the expression level of endotoxin was detected by Chromogenic End-point Tachypleus Amebocyte Lysate.Results There was a single band at the expected molecular weight of 62 000 by SDS-PAGE analysis.and the purity>96% by Quantity One analysis.The endotoxin levels in CM group and CM +C6 group were quite high and there was no significant difference between two groups (P>0.05 );the endotoxin level in CM+ultrafiltration group was significantly lower than that in CM group, and there was significant difference (P<0.01);the endotoxin level in CM+C6+ultrafiltration group was significantly decreased compared with CM+C6 group (P<0.01);there was no significant differences of endotoxin level between CM+ultrafiltration group and CM +C6+ultrafiltration group (P>0.05 ). Conclusion The effects of CM or CM combined with C6 on endotoxin removal are quite poor, especially C6;CM combined with ultrafiltration are quite effective on endotoxin removal,and ultrafiltration plays an important role in endotoxin removal.

Objective To investigate the imaging features of the nigrosomes-1 region in the substantia nigra at 3.0 T with enhanced gradient echo T2 star weighted angiography(ESWAN), and to explore its clinical value in the evaluation of Parkinson disease (PD). Methods Fifty-four patients diagnosed with PD (PD group), and 51 non-PD volunteers (N-PD group) were scanned with 3.0 T ESWAN, who had selected randomly. The widths of the typical high signal correspondence with the nigrosomes-1 region (a), the width at the middle of the substantia nigra (b) and the width of the banded high signal of which the oval structure were not displayed (c) were measured and collected. The result of reclassification performed by 2 physicians were compared with clinical gold standard. Specificity and sensitivity were calculated; Eleven outpatients with clinically suspected PD but undiagnosed (UD group) were continusouly selected. They received the same scanning and were performed with imaging diagnosis according to the conclusions of previous studies, then compared the imaging diagnosis with the final clinical diagnosis. Results In non PD group, hyperintensity of nigrosomes-1 were shown in 49 cases (96.1%) in bilateral or unilateral of the SN, the hyperintensity were shaped as“drop”, wedge or oval and the average size (a/b) was (0.31 ± 0.07)mm approximately; PD group, all 54 cases (100.0%) of the oval rear the“drop”were completely disappeared. The sensitivity of the loss of the hyperintensity of nigrosomes-1 for the diagnosis of PD was about 100.0%(54/54)and the specificity of it was about 96.08%(49/51). In UD group, 7 cases with the“drop”completely missed and 1 case with smaller“c”were clinically proven to PD, 2 cases with the typical hyperintensity and 2 case with larger“c”were proven to Parkinson plus syndrome. Conclusions The nigrosomes-1 typical hyperintensity in PD patients' substantia nigra on the 3.0 T ESWAN are disappeared. There may be an effective method for PD and Parkinson's plus syndrome identification that by analyzing of the presence or absence of the typical hyperintensity and its size in the patients with symptoms of PD.

Objective To analyze the risk factors associated with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in children after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods Between Jan 2001 and Dec 2010,1 899 patients undergoing open heart surgery were reviewed retrospectively according to the presence or absence of MODS.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to identify the risk factors.Results Thirty-five patients (1.84％) developed MODS,the mortality for MODS was 51.43％ (18/35).Univariate risk factors included complex congenital heart disease,perioperative unexpected events,CPB time,aortic cross-clamping time,mechanical ventilation time,and postoperative spsis.Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified that complex congenital heart disease,perioperative unexpected events,CPB time ＞ 180 min,postoperative spsis were risk factors.Conclusion The results suggest that the patients with MODS risk factors described above need more careful peri and post operative surveillance and preventive management.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of hypoxia on the proliferation and expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in keratinocytes obtained from oral lichen planus (OLP) lesions.

METHODSHypoxia environment was induced by a airtight incubator. Five groups were included, normoxia control group, hypoxia control group (12, 24, 36, 48 h). The effect of different treatment time of hypoxia on cellular proliferation was determined with cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). The mRNA and protein expressions of HIF-1α, VEGF and MMP-9 were analyzed respectively by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction with SYBR Green I and Western blotting.

RESULTSThe growth activity of keratinocytes obtained from OLP lesions in the hypoxia groups (0.340±0.002, 0.415±0.006, 0.546±0.006) was reduced than that in control (0.431±0.001, 0.620±0.004, 1.022±0.005) (P < 0.01). The mRNA levels of VEGF (2.087±0.291, 3.189±0.573, 5.402±0.563) and MMP-9 (2.936±0.500, 4.083±0.300, 6.374±0.858) were elevated by hypoxia (P < 0.05). The protein levels of HIF- 1α (0.414±0.093, 0.751±0.056, 0.875±0.040), VEGF (0.393±0.046, 0.557±0.078, 0.767±0.045) and MMP-9 (0.250±0.053, 0.384±0.038, 0.611±0.092) were all remarkably elevated by hypoxia (P < 0.05). However, hypoxia had no effect on HIF-1α mRNA expression. The mRNA expression of HIF-1α after hypoxia exposure for 36 h (1.412±0.094) and 48 h (1.417±0.446) was higher than that of control group, however, there was no significant difference. A positive correlation was noted between HIF-1α and VEGF in protein level (r = 0.905, P = 0.000), and the same correlation found between HIF-1α and MMP-9 (r = 0.881, P = 0.000).

CONCLUSIONSHypoxia conditions may inhibit the proliferation of keratinocytes obtained from OLP lesions. Hypoxia conditions can promote the protein expressions of HIF-1α and both the mRNA and protein expression of VEGF and MMP-9 in keratinocytes obtained from OLP lesions exposed to hypoxia. The relative high expression of HIF-1α may be involved in multiple aspects of OLP progression through the regulation of its downstream target genes.

Blotting, Western ; Cell Hypoxia ; physiology ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; metabolism ; Keratinocytes ; metabolism ; Lichen Planus, Oral ; pathology ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

Objective To explore a surgical method which can not only remove the enormous breast tumor entirely, but also maintain the breast function and obtain satisfactory shape.Methods On the basis of traditional round block technique, we designed different form's outer ring and breast lateral Sshaped incision line according to the size of breast tumor and the degree of the papillae ptosis, trimmed away the epidermis between the two circles, a S-shape skin incision along lateral border of breast was made; after reaching to the capsule of tumor, we stripped off the tumor entirely along capsule surface, a large breast cavus subdermalis remained, and then made full use of the dermal-fat flap or dermal-fat breast flap to fill the cavity after tumor removal so that the shape of breast was reconstructed. Results All of the 5 cases maintained the breast function and satisfactory shape after surgery, no sensory obstacle and necrosis occurred in the papillae and areola, and the wound reached good healing. Up to 2 years of follow-up there was no recurrence of tumor was found. Conclusions The modified round block' technique is an i-deal method for removal of a huge breast tumor. The design is nimble and simple, and postoperative breast shape is satisfactory with light scar formation.