1.Validity and Reliability of Health Status Questionnaire under Syndrome Differentiation System
Xiaqiu WU ; Jingqing HU ; Aining YIN ; Yating AI ; Jin PENG
World Science and Technology-Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2015;(2):306-310
This study was aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Self Rate Health Assessment Questionnaire (TCM-SRHAQ). A total of 859 middle age and aged cases were enrolled in a cross-sectional study, which were evaluated by the questionnaire. The salivary level of ɑ-amylase was tested at the same time. The results showed that the split-half reliability coefficient was 0.91, which can highly differentiate the health level of the crowd. The spearman correlation coefficients between items in the “spleen deficiency” sub-scale were all higher than 0.3. While the correlation coefficients between items were less than 0.25. Salivary level of ɑ-amylase was used as indicator. The “spleen deficiency” sub-scale showed high validity in identifying spleen-qi deficiency people from healthy people. It was concluded that TCM-SRHAQ showed good reliability and validity in this study, which indicated it can be used as a valuable measurement for assessing different types of health status, especially the spleen-qi deficiency type.
2.Analysis on the Influencing Factors of Traditional Chinese Medical (TCM) Treatment-Seeking Behavior of the Elders in Zhejiang Province
Shengying WANG ; Xiaqiu WU ; Chuanhong ZENG ; Zhen SHI ; Qi YU ; Lirong BAO
World Science and Technology-Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2017;19(1):190-195
This study aimed at investigating the utilization of TCM services and exploring the influencing factors,such as education,economic condition,health condition,attitude to TCM treatment and TCM health literacy,of TCM treatment-seeking behavior in the elders in Zhejiang Province.In this study,a cross-sectional study with stratified sampling was adopted for the further investigation of the elders over 55 years by questionnaire.The questionnaire contained four aspects:1.demographic information:gender,age,education,pension mode,medicare and self-evaluation of economic level;2.health status:self-evaluation of health and current diseases;3.attitude to TCM treatment:Would you accept the TCM health services? 4.health literacy:self-made KAB questionnaire including health knowledge,attitude and behavior.Nine hundred and fifty questionnaires were issued and 945 valid questionnaires were returned.Among them,four hundred and eighty-four cases were male and 461 were female.The average age was 72.0 ± 8.9 years with a low level of education,mainly junior high school or lower (88.3%).Over the past year,only 50.11% elders sought for TCM treatment.Generally speaking,age,gender,education,pension mode and health behavior showed no significant association with TCM treatment.The elders seeking for TCM treatment over the past year held favorable attitude to TCM treatment and high economic status,yet,with poor health status,high prevalence and health literacy (or health attitudes).It was concluded that the utilization rate of TCM services in the elders in Zhejiang Province was not optimist,probably resulting from the lack of publicity and market competitiveness of TCM.Therefore,TCM services should be promoted to meet the health needs of the elders and enhance the utilization rate of TCM services for the achievement of a significant role in the aging society in China.
3.Reform of public hospitals in Zhejiang province:practice and policy options
Xiaodi WANG ; Qing GUO ; Weihang MA ; Hua YANG ; Xiaqiu WU ; Jianping REN ; Xiaopu HU ; Fanli MENG
Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration 2017;33(2):92-95
Described in the paper is the reform made at public hospitals in Zhejiang province,with analysis of its problems and causes. Based on such,the authors proposed the following actions:to accelerate the reform of public hospitals centering on health promotion, and encourage such hospitals to shoulder the health care responsibility on behalf of the government; to proceed with hierarchical medical system and contract-based service focusing on capacity building of general practitioners; to attract private capital into building the healthcare system; and to motivate non-governmental organizations to cater to diversified healthcare needs of the people.
4.The clinical epidemiologic characteristics of patients infected with hepatitis C virus post blood transfusion in Shanghai area
Guoguang XU ; Shanming WU ; Yin JIANG ; Xiaqiu ZHOU ; Qingbo ZHANG ; Laiyi KANG
Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases 2008;26(5):298-301
Objective To investigate the clinical epidemiologic characteristics of patients with hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection post blood transfusion.Methods The polymerase chain reaction (PCR)and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELlSA)were used to detect HCV RNA and antiHCV,respectively.Analysis was performed for patients' age distribution,cause of primary diseases,exposure years,ingredient and amount of transfusion,incubation period and liver function damage.The statistical processing were performed with chi-square test,t-test and correlation analysis.Results HCV RNA levels were higher than 3.0 log10 copy/mL in 85.3%infected patients with a median of 5.99log10 copy/mL,among which 19.7%patients showed viral load 3.0 to 4.0 log10 copy/mL and 69.9%showed 5.0 to 6.0 log10 copy/mL.Eighty-one point six percent(40/49)of infected persons were confirmed as HCV RNA positive by HCV RNA qualitative analysis,while 99.7%(383/384)patientswere detected as anti-HCV positive by serological test.The sensitivity of serological test was higher than both HCV RNA quantitative and qualitative assays(F=57.138,P=0.000;F=63.149,P=0.000,respectively).HCV infection post blood transfusion was more common in people of 30 to 60years old.Most cases(84.4%)got the first time exposure during 1990 to 1994.More than 10%cases had primary disease as obstetrics, orthopedics or gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage. Eighty percent received whole blood product transfusion.The mean interval between transfusion and clinical diagnosis was (86.0±54.6 ) months. Eighty nine percent of infected patients had liver function damage, while most of them showed elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) with no more than 5 upper limits of normal (ULN). Conclusions Post transfusion HCV infection mainly happened in adulthood. Infected patients usually have liver function damage with elevated ALT with no more than 5 ULN and medium HCV RNA levels.
5.Effects of summer acupoint application therapy in reducing exacerbation frequency of chronic lung diseases: protocol of a retrospective and prospective study.
Jin PENG ; Xiaqiu WU ; Liyun HE ; Yigong FANG ; Mingjie ZI ; Shiyan YAN ; Baoyan LIU
Journal of Integrative Medicine 2012;10(1):39-47
Chronic lung diseases, including bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic bronchitis, allergic rhinitis and repeated respiratory tract infection (RRTL) in infants, exacerbate frequently in winter because of respiratory viral infections and low temperature. Summer acupoint application therapy (SAAT) is thought to be effective in reducing exacerbation frequency of chronic lung diseases in winter. It is a kind of therapy using a herbal mixture for external application on special acupoints during summer. The herbal mixture basically contains Semen Sinapis Albae, Herba Asari, Radix Euphorbiae Kansui and Rhizoma Corydalis. The acupoints include Feishu (BL13), Dazhui (GV14) and Danzhong (CV17). Through a large-scale multicenter trial based on three years of clinical observation, and retrospective and prospective analyses, this study aims to explore the efficacy of SAAT.
6.Long term treatment of lamivudine in chronic hepatitis B patients with severe liver fibrosis——ten-year follow-up outcomes of NUCB 4006 trial
Bei XU ; Guoguang XU ; Qing GUO ; Yan ZHUANG ; Yunye LIU ; Hui WANG ; Xiaqiu ZHOU ; Shanming WU ; Qing XIE
Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases 2010;28(11):656-661
Objective To evaluate the clinical and histological outcomes in a cohort of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients who had histologically confirmed severe liver fibrosis and received lamivudine (LAM) therapy for up to 10 years. Methods Thirty-nine CHB patients with severe liver fibrosis (Ishak fibrosis score≥4) were treated with LAM for up to 10 years. Disease progression liver histological improvement, virological and biochemical responses were evaluated during follow-up. Data were analyzed using paired t test, Fisher exact test and Willcoxon test. Results Twenty-eight patients completed the 10-year follow-up. There were 5 (17.9% ) patients with disease progression.At the end of follow up, 16 patients received a second liver biopsy, which showed significant improvement of histological activity index (1.1 ± 1.4 vs 7. 1 ± 3.2, t =- 0.82, P<0.01 ) and Ishak fibrosis score (3.6±2.2 vs 5.3±0.7, t= -2.89, P<0.05) compared to baseline. There were 3 cases with Ishak fibrosis score improved from F5 to F0. Among 27 patients, 3(11% ) cases achieved hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss and 2 (7 % ) achieved HBsAg seroconversion. At the end of follow-up, 19 out of 23 (83% ) hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive patients obtained HBeAg loss and 9 (39 % ) obtained HBeAg seroconversion. During LAM treatment, 11 patients experienced virological breakthrough or detected documented LAM-related resistance mutation. The viral loads of all patients were below 1 ×103 copy/mL at the end of follow-up after rescued by add-on or switch to another nucleotide analog.Conclusions Long-term LAM therapy can delay the disease progression in CHB patients with severe liver fibrosis, increase HBsAg and HBeAg loss rates, sustain suppression of HBV replication at a low level and even totally reverse the liver fibrosis in some patients. The effect of LAM resistance mutation on disease outcomes would be reduced by rescue therapy.
7.Analysis of Mechanism of Qinggan Jianpi Huoxue Prescription in Treatment of Hepatic Fibrosis Rats by Regulating M1/M2 Macrophages
Fuzhen PAN ; Hongxin CAO ; Yongsheng ZHANG ; Xiaqiu WU ; Weifang ZHENG ; Ding LIU
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2023;29(21):94-102
ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Qinggan Jianpi Huoxue prescription(QGJPHXP) on the polarization of M1/M2 macrophages in rats with hepatic fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride(CCl4). MethodA rat hepatic fibrosis model was established by intraperitoneal injection of 40% CCl4-olive oil suspension twice a week at the dosage of 2.0 mL·kg-1 for 8 weeks. After the model was successfully established, these rats were randomly divided into the model group, QGJPHXP group(32.084 g·kg-1) and Biejiajian pills(BJJP) group(0.925 5 g·kg-1), with 12 rats in each group. The blank group was injected intraperitoneally with the same amount of olive oil. The rats in the administration groups were given the corresponding solution according to the dose, and the blank and model groups were given the same dose of purified water, once a day. After 4 weeks of continuous administration, the liver tissues of rats were taken and stained with hematoxylin-eosin(HE) and Masson to observe the pathological changes. The serums were collected to detect the alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) levels. Interleukin(IL)-6, IL-12, IL-10, IL-1β, transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) levels in liver tissues were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The expression levels of CD86 and CD206 were detected by immunohistochemistry(IHC). Western blot and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(Real-time PCR) were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS), arginase-1(Arg-1), phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p-p38 MAPK), nuclear transcription factor-κB p65(NF-κB p65) in liver tissues of rats. ResultCompared with the blank group, the hepatic cell plate was irregularly arranged, and local inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrous hyperplasia were observed, while the serum levels of ALT and AST were significantly increased in the model group(P<0.01), and IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, TGF-β1, TNF-α, CD86, CD206, iNOS, p-p38 MAPK,p38 MAPK and NF-κB p65 levels in liver tissues were obviously increased(P<0.05, P<0.01), while the levels of IL-10 and Arg-1 were obviously decreased(P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the model group, QGJPHXP group reduced the degree of liver cell fibrosis,and serum levels of ALT and AST(P<0.01), and IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, TGF-β1, TNF-α, CD86, iNOS, p-p38 MAPK, p38 MAPK, and NF-κB p65 levels in liver tissues were obviously decreased(P<0.05, P<0.01), the levels of IL-10, CD206 and Arg-1 were obviously increased in the QGJPHXP group(P<0.05, P<0.01). ConclusionQGJPHXP has ability to inhibit the activation of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages, induce the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines by M2 macrophages, reduce the release of pro-fibrogenic cytokines, and promote the macrophage polarization of M1 to M2 in liver for tissue repair, thereby serving as an anti-inflammatory and anti-hepatic fibrosis drug.