Repair of articular cartilage injury has always been a focus of medical study and sports injury study.With the application and development of molecular biotechnology,the role of growth factor has become more and more important in articular cartilage injury.This paper analyzes the difficulties in repairing articular cartilage injury.discusses the effect of transforming growth factor β1 and bone morphogenetic protein-2 on it as well as the mechanism under its repainng,and summanzes the existing problems.it can provide important data for future research.

OBJECTIVE:To elucidate the role of transforming growth factor-β and bone morphogenetic protein-7 in the reparation of knee cartilage by summarizing related studies,which can provide an important reference for further clinical applications.DATA SOURCES:The science online,ElsecierSD databases,Springer Link electronic joumals nets(1991-01/2009-06)was searched using key words of"Articular Cartilage Defects,Transforming Growth Factor-β,Bone Morphogenic Protein-7";simultaneously,the CNKI,Wanfang database,Tsinghua Tong Fang database(1991-01/2009-06)was searched with the same Chinese key words.Literature search was limited to English and Chinese languages.DATA SELECTION:Literature addressing repairing articular cartilage damage with growth factors was included,and the repeated papers were excluded.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Frecture healing.②Osteocyte proliferation.③Capacity of chonddfication.RESULTS:Received 95 computers seized in early literature,according to inclusion exclusion criteria,literature underlying growth factor,in particular the growth factor transforming growth factor-β and bone morphogenetic protein-7 in repaidng knee cartilagedamage was analyzed.Articular cartilage injury,with poor repair capacity,is more common in athletes.As soon as a permanent injury that generates lesions,it is difficult to treat by traditional treatment methods,which need to be solved in sports medicine.Transforming growth factor-β,an important factor regulating the formation of cartilage,stimulates or inhibits a variety of cells.By increasing the sensitivity of chondrocytes,transforming growth factor-β plays a central role in the process of repairing osteoarthdtis cartilage injury,regulates in vitro protein synthesis,but also affect on the induction of specific granulation tissues.Bone morphogenetic protein-7 can induces cartilage-specific collagen and mucin production by mesenchymal and wound areas,which has promotive effect on cartilage reparation.CONCLUSION:Transforming growth factor-β or bone morphogenetic protein-7 has certain effect on knee cartilage injury;however,whether the combination of them can promote reparation of articular cartilage injury needs to be explored.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of anemia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the relationship between anemia and disease activity of RA. Methods Retrospectively analyze the data of 239 RA patients. Results (1)Estimates of the prevalence of the anemia was 51.4% ;the level of anemia was mild and moderate,and none was severe. (2)There were statistic differences between the patients with anemia and without anemia in disease duration,morning stiff ness,ESR,CRP and degree of X-ray change. (3)There were statistic differences between the patients with anemia and without anemia in leukocyte counts and platelet counts. (4)The level of hemoglobin (Hb) was significantly increased after anti-rheumatoid treatment. Conclusion (1)Anemia is a common sign in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis. The level of anemia is mild and moderate. (2)There are important associations between anemia and disease activity of RA. (3)The level of hemoglobin is increased after anti-rheumatoid treatment.

Objective To develop a HPLC method for the determination of anthocyanin chloride in purple sweet potato.Methods The analysis was carried out by using Kromsail C18 column(4.6 mm? 250 mm,5 ? m).The mobile phase consists of acetonitrile-water-acetic acid(15 ∶ 76.5 ∶ 8.5).The wavelength of detection was at 530 nm.Results The linear range of anthocyanin was 0～ 0.208 9 ? g(r=0.999 8).The average recovery was 97.95 %(RSD=1.0 %,n=5).Conclusions This method is simple and reliable.

Objective To establish a method for the determination of 6 isomers of silibin in silymarin Capsules.Method The RP-HPLC method was applied.Separation and determination of silibinin was performed on a C18 column(125 mm? 4.0 mm) with the flow rate of 0.8 mL/min,temperature at 25 ℃ and detection wavelength at 288 nm.The mixed solvent of A(85 % phosphoric acid ∶ methnol ∶ water=5 ∶ 35 ∶ 65) and B(85 % phosphoric acid ∶ methnol ∶ water=5 ∶ 50 ∶ 50) served as the mobile phase(gradient elution).Results A good linearity of silibinin was in the rang of 0.508 8～ 2.544 0 ? g(r=0.999 8).The average recovery was 99.5 % and RSD was 2.2 %(n=5).Conclusion With silibinin as as the control,this method is simple and accurate and can be used for the determination of six isomers of silibin and can be used for quality control of Silymarin Capsules.

Objective:To establish the murine systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) model of chronic graft versus host diseases(cGVHD). To analyze the pathological changes and serological and immunological features in the animals. Methods: Female (C57BL/10?DBA/2)F1 hybrids aged 6-8 weeks were randomly divided into model group and healthy controls (HC). Lymphocytes from female DBA/2 were injected intravenously to the model group on days 0, 3 and 8,while PBS were injected to the HC under the same condition as a control group. Bradford was applied to monitor the development of albuminuria quantitively. Sera were tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) for the presence of autoantibodies. To compare the differences of CD4+CD25+ Treg cells between the two groups by flow cytometry (FCM) and the differences in the expression of Foxp3 by real time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). The kidneys of model mice were removed in the 12th week and were made frozen sections for direct immunofluorescence(DIF)and paraffin imbedding for PASM staining. Results: The titers of proteinuria in model group in the 6th week, 8th week, 10th week, and 12th week were significantly higher than those of the HC groups(P=0.004, 0.005,respectively). The titers of anti-dsDNA and anti-nucleosome antibodies were significantly increased in the model group compared with the HC (P

Objective To investigate the influence of renal function on serum BNP in the diagnosis of CRF with heart failure by observing the relationship between eGFR and BNP in serum and comparing cut-off values of BNP in different eGFR levels. Methods The elderly participants were enrolled in the study, including 52 patients with heart failure, and 29 patients without heart failure and 30 healthy controls. Serum BNP level was measured by ELISA.Results The level of serum BNP increased significantly in subjects with heart failure compared with those with renal dysfunction for no-heart failure patients (P ＜ 0.05) and healthy controls. BNP level was significantly higher in CRF no-heart failure patients than in control subjects. eGFR showed negative correlation with BNP in ESRD no-heart failure patients (γ= -0. 581, P ＜ 0.01). There was no correlation between eGFR and ESRD with heart failure patients (γ= - 0.081, P ＞ 0.05). The AUC of BNP in patients (eGFR 30 ～ 60 ml) was 0. 951, when cut-off value was 1 500 ng/L,the sensitivity and specificity of BNP were 96.4% and 86. 7% respectively. The AUC of BNP in patients(eGFR ＜30 ml)was 0. 860, when cut-off value was 1 850 ng/L,the sensitivity and specificity of B NP were 66.7% and 92.9%respectively. Conclusions Heart failure was major factor result in higher levels of BNP in chronic renal failure with heart failure patients. BNP could be used as a diagnostic marker for CRF with heart failure patients.

Objective To observe the changes of the depressive behavior and amygdaloid nucleus nerve growth factor(NGF)expression in estro?gen?deprived female rats and explore the possible mechanism and targets of estradiol in depression treatment. Methods A total of 30 adult SD fe?male rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups:sham operation group(SHAM,n=10);ovariectomized group(OVX,n=10)and ovariectomized rats treated with estradiol group(OVX+E,n=10). The behavior changes were observed by tail suspension test(TST)and sucrose preference test (SPT) after 8?week estradiol treatment. Subsequently ,immunohistochemical staining detect NGF expression in amygdaloid nucleus. Results Compared with the SHAM group rats,sucrose preference ratio significantly decreased in SPT(P<0.01),immobile time prolonged in TST(P<0.01),serum estradiol level and amygdaloid NGF expression significantly decreased(all P<0.01). 8?week estradiol treatment ameliorated depres?sion?like behavior and increased serum E2 level and NGF expression in amygdaloid nucleus in OVX+E group rats when compared with the OVX group(all P<0.01). Conclusion Estradiol treatment can improve the depressive behavior of ovariectomized rats ,which may be related to the in?crease of serum estradiol level and the expression of NGF in amygdaloid nucleus.

Objective To explore the influence of DaHuang on renal expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in diabetes mellitus rats. Methods After the DM rat model was made, 24 DM rats were selected randomly and divided into a model group (12 DM rats) and a Rhubarb group group were given pure water in equal amount every day. 8 weeks later, kidney was cut to make pathological slice and method of SP immunohistochemistry was adopted for staining. Observed the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. Result The renal expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in the rhubarb group and the model group were obviously increased compared with the normal group (P<0.05). The renal expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in the rhubarb group was obviously weaker than the normal group(P<0.05). Conclusion Rhubarb could obviously inhibit the renal expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in diabetes mellitus rats and protect kidney of diabetes mellitus rats.

Objective To compare the expression level of interferon regulator factor 5 (IRF5) of the health controls and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and analyze the relationship between IRF5 and SLE disease activity. Methods Peripheral blood monoeytes (PBMCs) from SLE patients and healthy donors were separated with Ficoll density gradient eentrifugation and total cellular RNA was isolated with Trizol from the PBMCs, the mRNA was reverse transcripted to cDNA. Real-time PCR was applied to determine the expression level of IRFS. The expression level of IRF5 between the two groups were compared. The correlations of expression level of IRF5 with SLE disease activity and other laboratory or clinical parameters of SLE patients were analyzed. Results The level of IRF5 was (2.1±2.2) in SLE patients and (1.5±1.2) in healthy controls, the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.161). And the levels of IRF5 in SLE patients were significantly correlated with their SLEDAI (r=0.616,P<0.01), but not correlated with other parameters such as bemoglobulin complements, immunoglobulin etc. Anti-dsDNA antibody positive patients had significantly higher expression of IRF5 compared to the anti-dsDNA-antibedy-negative patients. The IRF5 mRNA levels of SLE patients with fever or neuropsyehiatric symptoms were significantly higher than those of patients free of neuropsychiatrie involvement. Conclusion High expression level of 1RF5 may contribute to the pathogenesis of SLE in disease activity and antibody production.