By referring to the domestic and foreign relevant regulatory guidelines, this paper analyzed and sum-marized the ethical point in the design phase in the perspective of relevant regulations of clinical waste sample man-agement and biological sample management. It also analyzed the focus problems including the difference in sample library and clinical laboratory remaining sample as well as the ownership of the sample, to provide theoretical basis for ethics committee to review this kind of protocols.

With the rapid development of network technology,the data sharing and health research provides an efficient and convenient way for medical research and clinical guidance.In order to know patients' opinions on informed consent and data sharing,we investigated first-class hospitals in the coastal and inland areas with a total of 397 patients participating the questionnaire on clinical health and data sharing,reusing the remaining clinical blood samples in scientific researches,and the acceptance degree of broad consent investigation and related influencing factors.It was found that patients with strong consciousness of informed consent right tended to choose a simpler way of informed consent based on the analysis.Patients preferred social benefits than personal benefits with a strong spirit of dedication to the community.Medical institutions in China rarely applied broad consents and took relervant summative researhes,compared with the European and American countries' promotions at the national level.The research afforded the evidence,from most of patients' point of view to ethics committee in the review of such kind of studies to understand the public data sharing in privacy protection and broad consent of the individual opinion,in order to facilitate the rational development and promotion of health data sharing in China ethically.

Objective: This study aims to observe the efficacy and toxicity of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) combined with weekly topotecan hydrochloride (Top-Hyd) chemotherapy on patients with platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer. Methods: Medical data of 42 patients with platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer between June 2008 and June 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. OAOf these 42 patients, 22 underwent 3DCRT combined with weekly Top–Hyd chemotherapy, whereas the remaining 20 underwent simple chemotherapy (SCT). Doses from 45 Gy to 65 Gy were planned to deliver fractions ranging from 1.8 Gy to 2 Gy to patient abdomen and pelvis. Top–Hyd (4 mg/m2) was aintravenously administered 1, 8, and 15 days from radiotherapy, with a cycle of 28 days. Results: By December 31, 2011, the median follow-up time for the 3DRT group was 18.5 months, whereas that for the SCT group was 10.8 months . The total response rate and the clinical beneficial rate were significantly higher in the 3DCRT group than in the SCT group (total response rate, 42.1% vs. 11.1%; clinical beneficial rate, 68.4% vs 22.2% at P< 0.05). The median of progression-free survival time was 9.8 months for the 3DCRT group and 6.6 months for the SCT group. The median total survival time was 19.7 months in the 3DCRT group, and 12.5 months in the SCT group. Significant differences between the 2 groups were indicated (P<0.001). No significant difference in overall toxicity was indicated between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The combined 3DCRT treatment and Top-Hyd chemotherapy results in enhanced response and tolerable toxicity compared with SCT in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer infiltrating the pelvic and retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis. So, it may be the salvage regimen for recurrent ovarian cancer and provide a new therapeutic option for the consolidation treatment of advanced ovarian carcinoma.

Objective To localize the tibial attachment of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and provide parameters for clinical PCL reconstruction.Methods We retrospectively analyzed 524 patients with intact tibial PCL attachment who had undergone knee MRI from January 2010 to January 2016.They were 286 men and 238 women with an average age of 35 years (from 20 to 50 years).The size and positions of the tibial PCL attachment were measured on the sagittal and coronal MRI slices.The differences were analyzed between different genders.Results On the sagittal slices,the mean distance from the central tibial PCL attachment to the posterior edge of the tibial plateau was 17.9 ± 3.0 mm and the mean anteroposterior diameter of the tibial PCL attachment was 9.7 ± 2.4 mm,with those for males significantly larger than for females (P ＜ 0.05).The above mean values when expressed as a percentage of the posterior tibial slop were 79.9％ ±4.5％ and 43.7％ ± 9.6％,respectively,showing no significant differences between males and females (P ＞ 0.05).On the coronal slices,the distances from the central tibial PCL attachment to the medial and lateral edges of the tibial plateau were 33.5 ± 3.1 mm and 37.4 ±4.1 mm,respectively,and the mediolateral diameter of the tibial PCL attachment was 12.0 ± 1.6 mm,with those for males significantly larger than for females (P ＜ 0.05).The above mean values when expressed as a percentage of the mediolateral diameter of the tibial PCL attachment were 47.4％ ± 3.2％,52.7％ ±3.1％ and 16.9％ ± 1.7％,respectively,showing no significant differences between males and females (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions On knee MRI images,the distance from the central tibial PCL attachment to the posterior edge of the tibial plateau is about 17.9 mm,the anteroposterior diameter of the tibial PCL attachment around 9.7 mm,and the mediolateral diameter of the tibial PCL attachment roughly 12.0 mm.These measurements for males are larger than for females.

Objective: To explore the effects of different proportions of Fructus Cnidii (Shechuangzi) and Psoralea corylifolia (Buguzhi) on highly metastatic human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231BO and bone marrow stromal cell line ST-2 in vitro. Methods: Thirty-six female SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups to prepare the drug-medicated sera by administering with different proportions of Fructus Cnidii and Psoralea corylifolia, including 4:0 group, 3:1 group, 1:1 group, 1:3 group, 0:4 group and control group. MDA-MB-231BO cells and ST-2 cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing drug-medicated serum. Inhibition rates of MDA-MB-231BO cells and ST-2 cells were measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method; migration ability of MDA-MB-231BO cells was tested by a cell migration experiment; alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) of ST-2 cells was measured by using 4-nitrophenyl phosphate disodium salt, and mineralized nodule formation of ST-2 cells was measured by alizarin red staining. Results: Sera contaning different proportions of Fructus Cnidii and Psoralea corylifolia inhibited the migration activity of MDA-MB-231BO cells as compared with the blank serum, and serum contaning Fructus Cnidii and Psoralea Corylifolia at proportion of 1:1 had the best function (P<0.01). Fructus Cnidii and Psoralea corylifolia at ratio of 1:1 also enhanced the ALP activity of ST2 cells (P<0.05) and increased the number of mineralized nodules of ST2 cells (P<0.01). Conclusion: Kidney-warming recipe of Fructus Cnidii and Psoralea corylifolia can inhibit proliferation and migration of MDA-MB-231BO cells and increase the activity of ST-2 cells.

In this study ,we aimed to understand the sequence characteristics ,transmembrane structures ,line B cell epitopes present in the OMP18 from Campylobacter jejuni ,and provide candidate antigens for the antibody detection and vac-cine development .NCBI/Blast ,TMHMM Server V2 and DNA Star softwares were used for the OMP18 sequence analysis . Based on the ELISA ,the whole bacterial antibody IgG of Campylobacter jejuni was used for the identification of the predicted line B cell epitopes .The OMP18 gene was found conserved in different Campylobacter jejuni strains .The OMP18 was predic-ted to be located on the outer surface of the bacteria .And three line B cell epitopes were determined to be present in the OMP18 protein .As a conclusion ,the OMP18 protein was confirmed to be an important outer membrane protein ;three line B cell epitopes were identified in the OMP18 ,which could be further used for Campylobacter jejuni antibody detection and vaccine development .

Purpose To explore the clinical pathological features and differential diagnoses and therapeutics of hyalinizing trabecular tumours ( HTT) of thyroid. Methods The clinical manifestations, high-frequency color doppler ultrasonography, histopathological and immunohistochemical features were analysed in six cases of HTT of thyroid. Related literatures were reviewed. Results On his-topathological examination, polygonal and elongated cells arranged in pattern of trabecular and organoid, with a clear perinucleolus ha-lo. Basement membrane-like material deposited intertrabeculae widespreadly. The tumour cells are completely filled with eosinophilic and granular material in their cytoplasm, nuclei with prominent grooves and pseudoinclusions. Immunohistochemically, the tumour cells were positive for TG, TTF-1 and CD56, CK19 and Galectin-3 interspersed expression. And all of them were negative for Calcito-nin, MC, CEA, Syn, CgA, Ki-67, p53 were lower expression. The differential diagnosis included solid variant of papillary carcinoma, medullary thyroid carcinoma and paraganglioma and so on. Conclusion HTT is an uncommon thyroid tumor, the majority of them be-have as benign neiplasms and that, correct pathologic diagnosis may play an important role in standard treatment and prognostic evalua-tion of HTT.

OBJECTIVEThe distal external iliac lymph nodes are located along the external iliac artery between the deep circumflex iliac vein and the inguinal canal. Our study aimed to investigate the incidence of metastasis in distal external iliac lymph nodes and its association with clinicopathological factors in patients with early stage cervical cancer, and to determine the role of distal external iliac lymph nodes dissection in the surgery.

METHODSFive hundred and twenty-four patients with early stage cervical cancer underwent radical hysterectomy and bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy in the Shandong Province Cancer Hospital between June 1995 and December 2011, and their clinicopathological features were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSOf the 524 patients, 124 (23.7%) had pelvic lymph node metastasis. The metastasis rates were 16.2% (85 of 524 patients) in the obturator lymph nodes, 12.2% (64 of 524 patients) in the internal and external iliac lymph nodes, 2.9% (15 of 524 patients) in the common iliac lymph nodes, 2.1% (11 of 524 patients) in the distal external iliac lymph nodes, and 1.7% (9 of 524 patients) in the para-aortic nodes. The incidence of isolated positive distal external iliac lymph nodes was 0.2%. Univariate analysis showed that lymphovascular space invasion, pelvic lymph node metastases (excluding distal external iliac lymph nodes) were significantly associated with distal external iliac lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that pelvic lymph node metastasis (excluding distal external iliac lymph nodes) was the independent risk factor for metastasis to distal external iliac lymph nodes.

CONCLUSIONSIn early stage cervical cancer, distal external iliac lymph node metastasis is rare, especially in cases with stage IA or without pelvic lymph node metastasis. Less extensive pelvic lymphadenectomy may be considered in these patients in order to reduce operative complications and improve patients' quality of life. The deep circumflex iliac vein may be an appropriate landmark for the caudal limit of external iliac lymphadenectomy. However, if pelvic lymph node metastasis (excluding distal external iliac lymph nodes) is found by intraoperative rapid pathological diagnosis, systematic pelvic lymphadenectomy including removal of the distal external iliac lymph nodes should be performed in order to reduce the risk of distant metastasis.

Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Iliac Artery ; Iliac Vein ; Incidence ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; diagnosis ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neoplasms, Second Primary ; Pelvis ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; epidemiology

Objective:To compare the efficacy of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction using single half tunnel, double half curved tunnel and suture anchor fixation in the treatment of patellar dislocation.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was used to analyze the clinical data of 58 patients with patellar dislocation treated in Second Hospital of Lanzhou University from June 2018 to February 2021, including 22 males and 36 females, aged 12-34 years [(19.6±5.5)years]. MPFL reconstruction was performed arthroscopically using single half tunnel fixation in 20 patients (single half tunnel group), double half curved tunnel fixation in 18 (double half curved tunnel group) and suture anchor fixation in 20 (suture anchor group). The Lysholm score, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score and Tegner activity score were compared among groups before operation, at 3 months after operation and at the last follow-up. The knee range of motion was compared among the three groups at 3 months after operation and at the last follow-up. The postoperative complications of the three groups were observed at the last follow-up.Results:All patients were followed up for 9-39 months [(26.5±9.1)months]. In single half tunnel group, double half curved tunnel group and suture anchor group, the Lysholm score was (78.4±12.0)points, (88.7±7.5)points and (81.1±9.8)points at 3 months after operation, and (80.4±14.2)points, (90.9±9.0)points and (83.3±9.1)points at the last follow-up. The postoperative Lysholm score in all groups was significantly increased from that preoperatively (all P<0.01). The Lysholm score in double half curved tunnel group was significantly higher than that in other two groups at 3 months after operation and at last follow-up (all P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between other groups (all P>0.05). In single half tunnel group, double half curved tunnel group and suture anchor group, the IKDC score was (76.7±12.2)points, (78.4±8.9)points and (81.0±8.1)points at 3 months after operation, and (77.6±15.8)points, (83.2±7.8)points and (82.4±12.4)points at the last follow-up. The postoperative IKDC score in all groups was significantly increased from that preoperatively (all P<0.01), but there was no significant difference among the three groups (all P>0.05). In single half tunnel group, double half curved tunnel group and suture anchor group, the Tegner score was (4.0±1.2)points, (5.4±1.7)points and (5.3±1.7)points at 3 months after operation, and (4.1±1.4)points, (5.8±1.8)points and (5.3±2.2)points at the last follow-up. The postoperative Tegner score in all groups was significantly improved from that preoperatively (all P<0.01). The Tegner score in single half tunnel group was significantly lower than that in other two groups at 3 months after operation and at last follow-up (all P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between other groups (all P>0.05). In single half tunnel group, double half curved tunnel group and suture anchor group, the knee range of motion was (122.3±6.4)°, (121.7±7.1)° and (123.3±5.7)° at the last follow-up, which were significantly increased from (117.3±8.0)°, (115.3±7.9)° and (116.8±8.3)° at 3 months after operation (all P<0.05), with no significant difference among the three groups (all P>0.05). The postoperative complication rate was 10.0% (2/20) in single half tunnel group, 5.6% (1/18) in double half curved tunnel group, and 25.0% (5/20) in suture anchor group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:For patellar dislocation, MPFL reconstruction using single half tunnel, double half curve tunnel and suture anchor fixation have achieved satisfactory improvement of knee range of motion, but knee functional recovery is much better after double half curved tunnel fixation.