E-health is a new kind of health care model, which raises medical efficiency, brings happiness and hope to the therapy of severe disease, and stands for the future of health care. However, it is faced with many issues and challenges, such as the safety of information storing, privacy protection and the distribution of health resources.Therefore, research & development in e-health should observe some criterion. The author holds that the development of e-health should observe ethical principles such as inform-concent, safety, justice, risk-benefit and developing step by step, and puts forward regulating recommendations in many aspects.

Objective To investigate the value of renal CT arteriography in the preoperation evaluation of patients with renal tumors.Methods From Jan 2007 to June 2012,372 patients with renal tumors took renal CT arteriography (with Philips Brilliance 16) to evaluate the variations of their renal arteries.We executed plain scan first,then artery phase,venous phase scan and delaying scan by turns after injections of Omnipaque.All images were delivered to imaging workstation and reconstructed to 3D views of renal arteries to supply imageological supports for surgeons.Results Tumors in solitary kidneys were detected in 21 patients,and masses in both kindneys were detected in 4 cases.We collected data of 376 kidneys finally.We found premature branching renal arteries on 46 kidneys (12.2％) and accessory renal arteries on 74 kidneys (19.7％).Double accessory renal arteries were seen on 10 kidneys (2.7％),and there were 84 accessory renal arteries in summary.7 accessory renal arteries (7.2％) came from arteria phrenica and 77 (91.7％) came from abdominal aorta (x2 =65.68,P ＜ 0.01).We found the regions where the accessory renal arteries entered kidneys:65.5％ (55/84) in upper poles,19.0％ (16/84) in central regions and 15.5％ (13/84)in inferior poles.Routine CT scans found 44 variations of renal arteries in 218 cases who underwent surgeries,and then renal CT arteriography found 63 variations in the same cases (20.2％ vs 28.9％,x2 =4.47,P ＜ 0.05).Finally,surgeons found 60 variations of renal artries in operations in the 63 cases with variations found by renal CT arteriography before surgeries.Conclusions There is limitations of routine CT scan (plain scan and with contrast medium) in detection of renal artery variations.Renal CT arteriography can supply reliable supports for establishment of surgical plans for renal tumors.

Objective To investigate the expression differences of mRNA and protein of early B-cell factor 3(EBF3) in the tissues between hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and distant noncancerous tissues and the clinical significance.Methods The expression levels of EBF3 mRNA in 18 pairs surgical specimens of HCC and their distant noncancerous tissues were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(FQ-RT-PCR).Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of EBF3 protein in 5 pairs surgical specimens of HCC and distant noncancerous tissues.Results The ratios of EBF3 mRNA tobeta2 microglobulin mRNA in eighteen liver cancerous tissues(0.52?0.17) were significantly higher than those in distant liver noncancerous tissues(0.28?0.23,t=3.56,P=0.0011).The average gray scale level of EBF3 in five liver cancerous tissues(26.35?14.06)were significantly higher than those in distant noncancerous tissues(7.86?8.47,t=2.52,P=0.036).Conclusion Theexpression levels of EBF3 mRNA and protein up-regulated in primary hepatocellular carcinoma,suggestting that EBF3 may contribute to occurrence of primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective To expound the mechanism and the clinical features of Tong-Du-Huo-Luo exercise in treating ankylosing spondylitis.Methods Besides taking SASP per os,the patients in treatment group did Tong-Du-Huo-Luo exercise twice daily. Patients in control group took SASP only.The patients in both groups had accepted the treatments for 6 months.Results Compared with western medicine treatment,the Tong-Du-Huo-Luo exercise can bring better effects on ability of expanding chest,finger-floor distance,pulvinar-wall distance,and improving the results of Schober test and blood sedimentation test.Conclusions Tong-Du-Huo-Luo exercise is an effective method in treating ankylosing spondylitis patients.

Objective To discuss the relationship of drip velocity of nitrate on blood pressure while treating coronary disease,in order to provide appropriate drip velocity for clinical treatment.Methods 155 patients with coronary disease using nitrate to lower blood pressure were selected.They were divided into the nitro glycerin group(85 cases) and the isosorbide mononitrate group( 70 cases) according to difference of medication.The velocity of drugs was adjusted on basis of blood pressure changes.The blood pressure changes at different drip velocities were observed and compared.Results The systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure between two groups showed no difference at 20 drops/min,but the results were the opposite at 30 drops/min.The systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure in the nitro glycerin group showed evident changes at different drip velocities,but in the isosorbide mononitrate group,these changes were not so significant.9 patients in the nitro glycerin group had headache during treatment,no headache occurred in the isosorbide mononitrate group.Conclusions Intravenous use of nitrate at a velocity of 20 drops/min is relative secure.The risk of hypotension will increase if the medication speed increases.lsosorbide mononitrate has little influence on blood pressure.

Objective To study the effects of bioartificial kidney(BAK)treatment on cytokines interleukin-10(IL-10)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),biochemistry indexes,and survival time in acute uremic pigs with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS).Method Pigs with MODS and acute renal failure(ARF)were treated with BAK(group A,n = 6)or sham BAK containing no cells(group B,n = 6)or received no treatment(group C,n = 5).Data on blood pressure,hepatic and renal functions,serum IL-10 and TNF-α levels,arterial blood gas and survival time of all the pigs were recorded.Comparisons of values were done using Student's t-test or repeated-measures analysis of variance(ANOVA).ResultsMean arterial pressure(MAP,mmHg)responsed more rapidly and reached higher values in group A (91.82±5.73)compared with group B and C at 24 hours(P＜0.01).The peak level of serum EL-10(pg/mL)ingroupA(249.57±43.51)was significantly higher than that in group B and C(132.06± 17.53,104.25 ±13.42,P＜0.01).Serum TNF-a level(pg/mL)in group A dropped gradually to(402.91 ± 32.47)at 24 hours,and had significant discrepancy compared with that before the treatment(537.16 ± 38.45)and that in groupB(P＜0.05).The average survival time(hours)in group A(113.01 ± 14.32)was significantly longer than that in the group B and C(P＜0.01),which was prolonged by 35.93%and 63.90%,respectively.ConclusionsTreatment with BAK can prolong the survival time of uremic pigs with MODS,possibly through ameliorating the MAP,increasing the level of IL-10 and reducing the concentration of TNF-α.

Objective To develop a brachtherapy (BT) dose calculation program based on AAPM TG-43UI formula.With this program we can combine the dose result of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and BT together which is calculated by the different treatment planning TPS.Methods BT treatment data, such as source parameter, dwelling position and dwelling time, are retrieved from Nucletron Plato planning system and converted to ADAC planning system coordinate.The BT 3D dose distribution is re-calculated as well.Then the 3D dose distribution is exported to ADAC planning system.In that way, ADAC planning system can display either the EBRT dose or the BT dose and the combined dose can be calculated, displayed and evaluated as well.Results BT dose calculation result of our program which based on AAPM TG-43UI formula is identical with which of Plato (<0.1%).Furthermore, the BT dose can be transfer to the ADAC easily and the dose distributions of combined therapy can be merged in ADAC.Conclusions Our program can be used to combine the dose result of EBRT and BT from different TPS.

Objective: To provide an important tool for the study of diagnose and treatment of prostate cancer (PCa) osseous metastasis and change of bone stress force on prostate cancer (PCa) osseous metastasis and a platform, which is more congruous to clinical process, for prevention and cure of neoplastic bone metastases, and to carry out the construction and improvement of animal models of PCa with different positional osseous metastasis in vivo.Methods: Different gradient concentrations of RM-1 cells were inoculated into the cavity of left femoral bone or lumbar vertebra of mice (C57BL/6) respectively.The change of mouse activity, tumor formation, tumor size and survival time were observed respectively.And the femur tissue and spinal tissue were obtained from the mice after death.The gray value of iconography were measured by imageological examination of femur tissue, and the final histopathological examination were taken to determine the tumor type in both femur and spinal tissue.Results: The tumor growth could be touched at the puncture site in all the mice after inoculated for 7 days.There were no obvious differences in the time of tumorigenesis, the rate of tumor growth and tumor size among the mice in the same group (P>0.05).As the result, the construction femoral bone and lumbar vertebra metastatic models of PCa had been confirmed by iconography and pathology detection.At the same time, the survival time of the mice inoculated with low concentrations of PCa cells was obviously longer than that of high concentrations of PCa cells (at least 2 weeks longer).Conclusion: The animal models with different positional osseous metastasis (limbs and axial skeleton) of PCa using the same PCa cells (RM-1) had been first constructed successfully in our study.At the same time, a high success rate of construction of PCa animal model with bone metastasis was obtained by femoral bone marrow cavity injection of PCa cells.The rate of tumor growth was rapid, animal survival time was appropriate, and the PCa animal model with bone metastasis can be stably reproduced by our method.These animal models can be used to explore the pathogenesis of different positional PCa bone metastasis and provide a new platform, which were more congruous to clinical process, for prevention and cure of neoplastic bone metastases.

Objective:To establish a method for the determination of ethyl pyruvate by GC. Methods:A Varian CP7502 capillary column(25 m × 0. 25 mm,0. 25 μm)was used. The carrier gas was nitrogen with the flow rate of 30 ml·min-1 ,the gas was hydrogen with the flow rate of 40 ml·min -1 and the oxidant gas was air with the flow rate of 400 ml·min-1 . The detector was an FID and the inlet temperature was 210℃ . The temperature program was as follows:the initial column temperature was 40℃, and then risen to 200℃ with a rate of 15 ℃·min -1 . The split ratio was 100 ∶1 and the injection volume was 1μl. Results:Ethyl pyruvate had a good linear relationship within the range of 0. 025 6- 8. 192 8 mg·ml -1 ,and r was 0. 999 8. The average recovery was99. 99% and RSD was 1. 38%(n = 9). Conclusion:The method is accurate,simple and rapid with good stability and high sensitivity,which can be used to determine the content of ethyl pyruvate.

Objective To investigate the association between sarcopenia and nutritional status among inpatients aged 80 years and over.Methods A total of 120 patients aged ≥80 years admitted into geriatrics department of a third-grade first-class hospital in Shandong province who met inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled from March 2017 to March 2018 in this cross-sectional study.According to diagnostic criteria of Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia,patients were divided into the sarcopenia group and the non-sarcopenia group.General clinical data were collected.Nutritional assessment was validated by using Mini Nutritional Assessment(MNA)and the determined nutritional indexes of serum levels of hemoglobin and albumin.Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to analyze the association between sarcopenia and nutritional status.Results Of 120 inpatients aged ≥ 80,28 cases(23.3％)had sarcopenia,including 20 men(71.4％)and 8 women(28.6％).The incidences of sarcomenia were 1.4％ (1 case)in patients with normal nutritional status and 100％ (6 cases)in patients with malnutrition.Compared with the non-sarcopenia group,the sarcopenia group had lower levels of body mass index,serum hemoglobin,serum albumin and MNA scores[(20.0 ± 2.2) kg/m2 vs.(25.4±3.0)kg/m2,(34.5±3.4)g/L vs.(38.6±3.5)g/L,(114.4± 14.0)g/L vs.(127.3± 14.8) g/L,(8.8 ± 1.9) score vs.(12.7 ± 1.4) score,P ＜ 0.05].After adjustment for all covariates,multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that MNA score was an independent risk factor for sarcopenia(OR =0.118,95％CI:0.026-0.530).Conclusions The incidence of sarcopenia is high in hospitalized patients aged 80 years and older.MNA score is an independent risk factor for sarcopenia.