OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the current situation and the trend of cardiovascular drugs used in 6 cities in the Yangtze river valley between 2002 and 2004.METHODS:Consumption of cardiovascular drugs used in 157 hospitals of 6 cities in the Yangtze river valley were analyzed by the way of sum and DDDs ranking. RESULTS:The total annual cost of the cardiovascular drugs used in 6 cities was 13.6 billion yuan in 2004, increasing by 58.8%, as compared with that in 2002.The total average consumption of anti-anginal and vasodilating agents, antithrombotic agents and antihypertensives accounted for 84.1% of the total cost in 3 years.CCB, ACEI, Nitrate esters,?-blockers and Chinese medicines dominated in the ranking of sum and DDDs.CONCLUSION: Right medicines with higher patient compliance rates, lower ADR occurrence, more certain therapeutic effect and economical daily cost have become the preferable choices for clinical physicians.

OBJECTIVE:To analyse the current situation and developing trend of consumption of cardiovascular drugs in Nanjing district,so as to provide information for the research,production,sale and application of these drugs METHODS:According to the order of sum of money,the purchasing information of the drugs used for cardiovascular diseases in 19 hospitals in Nanjing district between 1997～2001 were analysed RESULTS:The sum of money of the drugs used for cardiovascular diseases in 19 hopsitals in Nanjing district was increased more than twice in 5 years,and the consumption of anti-anginal and vasodilating agents,antithrombotic agents and antihypertensives occupied first three places in the category all the time In recent three years,calcium antagonists have occupied the front three places in the category CONCLUSION:With the increase of old age people's proportion in our country,the market requirement is enormous and the prospects for exploitation are capacious for the drugs used for cardiovascular diseases

Problems such as detached knowing and doing , utilitarian tendency , moral practice ability is weak and so forth are now existing in the medical college students'moral practice in the new period .There are not only medical students'personal factors , but also school and social factors .Therefore , it should excavate potential , build good medical students moral practice platform , innovative form of moral practice , motivate medical students to par-ticipate in the moral practice enthusiasm , strengthen the construction of management system , ensuring the medical students moral practice into effect .

The effects of hepatocyte growth factor(HGF) on the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in cultured bovine coronary artery endothelial cells(BCAEC), bovine coronary artery smooth muscle cells(BCASMC) and mouse cardiomyocytes were observed in vitro . The concentrations of VEGF in BCAEC control and HGF group at 12h were 10.51?2.90pg/ml and 9.31?2.78pg/ml, respectively. The concentrations of VEGF at 12h in BCASMC control and HGF group were 3.35 and 3.93 times of that at 3h respectively, the concentration of VEGF at 3h and 12h in BCASMC HGF group was 2.06 and 2.42 times respectively, of that in control group. The concentrations of VEGF at 12h in cardiomyocyte control and HGF group were 5.43 and 4.09 times, respectively, of that at 3h, and the concentrations of VEGF at 3h and 12h in cardiomyocyte HGF group was 2.74 and 2.06 times, respectively, of that in control group. These results indicated that BCAEC, BCASMC and mouse cardiomyocytes could secrete VEGF, and HGF could promote VEGF secretion in BCASMC and cardiomyocytes, but not in BCAEC.

The effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) on proliferation of bovine coronary artery endothelial cells (BCAEC) and smooth muscle cells (BCASMC) were studied in vitro. BCAEC and BCASMC were isolated and cultured and divided into control group, VEGF (50ng/ml) group and HGF (50ng/ml) group. Cells proliferation was measured using MTT method. The results showed that the OD values of control, VEGF, and HGF group in BCAEC cultures were 0.23?0.02, 0.58?0.10, and 0.42?0.12, respectively, and those in BCASMC were 0.31?0.08, 0.45?0.09, and 0.40?0.11, respectively. The proliferation ratios of BCAEC and BCASMC induced by HGF were 152.2%?33.8% and 45.2%?25.3%, respectively, and that by VEGF were 82.6%?18.7% and 29.0%?20.4%, respectively. The results suggested that HGF could promote proliferation and migration of BCAEC and BCASMC, while VEGF could promote proliferation of BCAEC but not BCASMC. The effect of HGF on BCAEC was stronger than that on BCASMC, and the induction strength of HGF was higher than VEGF.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of local immune regulation therapy of thyroid disease.Methods Totally 110 patients with confirmed diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid disease were recruited.All patients received thyroid local immune regulation therapy with glucocorticoids 1~3 courses of treatment and followed up for 2~3 years,each being taken good care of during the whole observation.Results About 94.0% of the patients had significantly improved their subjective symptoms,such as pain,fatigue,and lethargy.About 67.7% of the cases had reached normal or markedly improved thyroid function after thyroid local immune regulation therapy.About 92.0% of the volumes of thyroid were reduced.Serum antithyroperoxidase antibody levels were decreased from(338.2?43.2)mU/L to(266.9?42.2)mU/L(P

BACKGROUND: Studies have demonstrated that intermittent high glucose can have a more severe impact on vascular endothelial function in comparison with persistent hyperglycemia.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of intermittent high glucose on the proliferation and apoptosis of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) from human peripheral blood in vitro as well as the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant. METHODS: Total mononuclear cells were isolated from human peripheral blood by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation and then the cells were placed on fibronectin-coated culture dishes. After 7 days of culture, the adherent cells were identified as EPCs by laser scanning confocal microscope. The cells were synchronized and then stimulated with glucose 5.5 mmol/L (normal control group), 20 mmol/L (constant high glucose group), and 5.5/20 mmol/L (intermittent high glucose group, 5.5 and 20 mmol/L glucose culture solution was changed every 8 hours) for 72 hours. EPCs proliferation and apoptosis was measured by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The content of MDA and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in culture solution were detected with colorimetry.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After EPCs were exposed to constant high glucose (20 mmol/L) and intermittent high glucose (5.5/20 mmol/L) for 72 hours, proliferated cells were significantly reduced and the apoptosis rate was significantly increased compared with those exposed to normal glucose (P < 0.01). Furthermore, there was a significant increase in MDA contents as well as a significant reduce in SOD activities in the constant high glucose and intermittent high glucose group (P < 0.01), especially in the latter group. These findings indicated that both intermittent high glucose and constant glucose could inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of EPCs; however, intermittent high glucose appears to worsen the effects on EPCs. This is maybe due to the increased oxidative stress.

Background Retinal hemorrhage in newborns is a common clinical finding,and serious retinal henorrhage resulting in poor prognosis.The factors affecting retinal henorrhage in newborns are unelucidated now.Identifying these factors is helpful for the early prevention and treatment.Objective This study was to explore the underlying maternal,obstetric,and neonatal clinical factors for degree of retinal hemorrhages in healthy full-term newborns.Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in the approval of Ethic Committee of Zhongshan City People's Hospital.A total of 1 311 full-term infants,with gestational age more than 37 weeks and Apgar ≥9 scores were included in this study.Infants with severe systemic diseases or any other eye diseases were excluded.Ocular fundus of the infants were examined with Ret Cam Ⅲ within 4 days of birth and were independently identified by 2 eye doctors.The newborns of retinal hemorrhage were divided into grade Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups based on Egge criteria,and the infants without retinal hemarrhage served as the normal control group.Maternal,obstetric,neonatal parameters and general factors were analyzed and compared among different groups,and the risk factors that affected the newborns retinal hemorrhage were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.Results Retinal hemorrhage was seen in 28.30％ infants (371/1 311),and 152,116 and 103 infants were identified as grade Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ,with the percentage of 11.59％,8.85％ and 7.86％,respectively.Among the factors that examined in the study,cord around fetal neck was the risk factor of aggravation of degree of retinal hemorrhage in newborns (OR =1.308,95％ CI:1.011-1.693,P =0.041).In the mode of delivery,spontaneous vaginal delivery appeared to be the positive factor of the incidence of retinal hemorrhage (OR=0.134,95％ CI:0.132-0.137,P＜0.001),but cesarean section was not a main risk factor.Conclusions Spontaneous vaginal delivery and cord around fetal neck are the potential risk factors for the aggravation of degree of retinal hemorrhage in full-term infants.Accordingly,infants with these risk factors should be paid more attention to prevent the progression of retinal hemorrhage.

Objective To discuss hemorheologic changes and hepatic function in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB)and its correlation with HBV genotype.Methods Relative index of hemorheologic changes,ALT,HBV-DNA and HBV genotype were examined in 96 CHB patients and 24 healthy control people.The results underwent correlation analysis.Results Low-shear blood viscosity and RBC aggregation index were significantly higher in CHB patients than those in the healthy control people(P＜0.05).Low-shear blood viscosity and RBC aggregation index were significantly higher in CHB patients with abnormal ALT than those CHB patients with normal ALT and the healthy control people(P＜0.05).No statistical difference was seen when CHB patients with normal ALT were compared with the healthy control people and patients with positive HBV-DNA were compared with patients with nesative HBV-DNA(P＞0.05).No statistical difference was seen in hemorheologic changes in CHB patients with different genotype(P＞0.05).Conclusions Microcirculation disorder of CHB patients is correlated with damage degree of hepatic function.Hemorheologic changes are not correlated with HBV-DNA and HBV genotype,so it can be a relatively independent index for clinical evaluation of disease.

Objective To detect the expression of vascular endotheilal growth factor (VEGF), stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α), and its receptor CXCR-4 in the retinopathy of diabetic rats, and to explore the relationship between those factors and diabetic-retinopathy(DR). Methods Diabetes was induced in 40 rats with a single intraperitional injection of streptozotocin(STZ). Experimental rats were randomly divided into M1 (diabetic for 1 month), M3 (diabetic for 3 months), and M5 (diabetic for 5 months) groups, and another 10 rats served as a normal control group (NC). Retinal vascular status was observed by transmission electron microscope. After retinal stretched preparation, VEGF, SDF-1α and CXCR-4 immunohistochemistry were done. Retinal VEGF, SDF-1α, and CXCR-4 mRNA were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Protein expression was measured by Western blot. Results Under transmission electron microscope, change in vascular status was found in M1 to M5 groups, but not in the NC group. The changes became increasingly serious with the prolongation of the disease. By immunohistochemistry, we found the expression of VEGF, SDF-1α, and CXCR-4 on the retina increased gradually. It increased after injecting STZ for 1 month and increased significantly after 5 months.VEGF, SDF-1α, and CXCR-4 mRNA expression increased obviously after injecting STZ for 1 month and increased significantly after 5 months. Western blot showed that protein of VEGF, SDF-1α, and CXCR-4 had no change after injecting STZ for 1 month. It began to increase in the M3 group and increased most in the M5 group. Conclusion The expression of VEGF, SDF-1α, and CXCR-4 on the retina in retinopathy of diabetic rats increases gradually with the prolongation of the disease. It is an important factor for diabetic retinopathy.