Objective To identify genes associated with prognosis or differentiated type in gastric cancer from fre quently mutated genes or highly-expressed genes,using large-scale genomic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas.Methods The somatic mutation data,RNAseqV2 data and clinical information were downloaded from the TCGA website.The frequency of deleterious somatic mutations for each gene was counted to select the frequently mutated genes.DESeq2 was used to analyze the gene expression data.Then survival analysis was performed on genes highlyexpressed in the tumor tissue.Kaplan-Meier curves were generated by R-survival package,and significance was evaluated by log-rank test.Results The frequency for pathogenic mutations in PIK3CA and APC was significantly discordant between different grades of gastric cancer.2 040 genes were up-regulated in tumor tissue,while 2 357 genes were down-regulated.Among the up-regulated genes,7 genes were associated with poor prognosis of gastric cancer and one was associated with better prognosis.Conclusions Genes associated with differentiation types or prognosis in gastric cancer are identified.The result may clue us future research on potential prognostic markers in clinical treatment.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the water extraction process of medicine in lian-wei anacyclus prescription. METHODS:Composite score of polysaccharide content and raw polysaccharide were set as investigation index,the different adding water amount,extracting times and extraction duration were set as investigation factors,and L9(34)orthogonal test were conducted to op-timize the water extraction technology of medicine in lian-wei anacyclus prescription and verification test was carried out. RE-SULTS:Extracting times had the most significant effect on the investigation index;the most optimized process was as follows as 12 times of adding water amount,2.0 h of extracting times,3 times of extraction. The average content of polysaccharide was 36.34μg/ml(RSD=0.24%,n=3)in the verification test,and the average content of raw polysaccharide was 10.18%(RSD=0.65%, n=3). CONCLUSIONS:The optimized technology is reasonable,feasible and reproducible,and can provide reference for the dos-age form transformation.

Objective To understand the sanitary status of the air conditioning system of public places and to discuss the countermeasure.Methods Fifty public places where the air conditioning system were used were selected as the research objects in September 2008.The questionnaires about the hygienic management, the air conditioning system and the cooling tower were used to investigate the basic situations of the air conditioning system in public places,and Legionella pneumophila(Lp) of cooling water in the cooling tower was detected.Results All the fifty public places didn't establish complete sanitary management system.90% of the cooling towers were less than one kilometer from the residential areas, schools, kindergartens, agedness flats and hospitals.And 18% of the cooling towers were less than one hundred meters from the walking streets and entertainment plaza.Moreover,8% of the public places had not fresh air, the air purification wasn't installed in 74% of the public places and sterilization equipments, and automatic or on-line sterilization equipments in the cooling towers weren't installed in all the public places.In addition, the positive rate of Legionella pneumophila in the cooling towers was 89.58%.Thereinto, the positive rate of Lp1 type(79.07%) of Legionella pneumophila was significantly higher than that of Lp2-Lp14 type(11.63%) as well as that of Lp1 type and Lp2-Lp14 type(9.30%)(P0.05).Conclusion The air conditioning systems of public places are being faced with some sanitary problems and the cooling water in the cooling tower was polluted with Legionella pneumophila.Therefore,it is suggested that its sanitary management should be reinforced and the sterilization management of cooling water as well as the shield between the cooling towers and the circumferences should be taken into account.

RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) is a newly-developed method in transcriptome research, it can afford more accurate transcription information and be more quickly by using Next-generation Sequencing (NGS) technology. RNA-Seq has been widely used in various biological fields. Genuine traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), with good quality and therapeutic effect, were always praised highly and used by famous physicians. The geo-herbalism formation of TCM is based on the product of the gene expression at specific space and time. So it has been a research hotspot to analyze the mechanism of biosynthesis through RNA-Seq in the study on the secondary metabolism of medicinal plant. This article mainly illustrates the RNA-Seq and its advantages, it also discusses the potential application in genuine TCM, and it can provide useful information for other researchers.

Objective To evaluate the effects of sitagliptin on blood glucose,blood pressure,blood lip and carotid artery intima media thickness (IMT) in metabolic syndrome patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods The clinical data were collected for 64 cases of inpatient and outpatient patients with metabolic syndrome with type 2 diabetes.Those patients included anti-diabetes native patients and patients only used the stable metformin dose.After signed off the informed consent form,those patients were randomized to the sitagliptin treatment group or original treatment group,and the metabolic index and carotid artery intima-media thickness were evaluated after 24 weeks treatment.Results The body mass index (BMI),waist circumference (WC),fasting plasma glucose (FPG),triglycerides (TG),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP),glycated hemoglobin a1c (HbA1c),and carotid artery IMT in two groups were comparable at baseline.After 12 weeks treatment,the FPG,TG,DBP,and HbA1c in the sitagliptin group were significantly better than original treatment group and the baseline,while there was no different between two groups in other index.After 24 weeks treatment,the FPG,TG,HDL-C,DBP,HbA1c,and carotid artery IMT in the sitagliptin group were significantly better than original treatment group and the baseline.Conclusions Sitagliptin presents the functions of lowering blood pressure,adjusting blood lipid,and protecting vascular endothelial in addition to lowering blood glucose.

Objective To investigate the effect of sodium arsenite by Wnt signaling pathway on proliferation and apoptosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma.Methods Cell proliferation was detected after 1.25,2.5,5,10,20μmol/L sodium arsenite treatment human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line Tca8113 for 24,48,72 hours by CCK8 experiment.0 and 14μmol/L sodium arsenite was used to treatment Tca8113 cells with 48h,cell apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry,Cleaved Caspase3,β-catenin,Cyclin D1 protein expression were detected by Western blot.Tca8113 cells were divided into control group,sodium arsenite group,activating agent+sodium arsenite group,all treated for 48hour,cell proliferation,apoptosis and Cleaved Caspase3,β-catenin,Cyclin D1 protein expression were detected by CCK8 assay,flow cytometry and Western blot.Results Tca8113 cell proliferation was inhibited significantly with the increase of treatment time and sodium arsenite concentration,and has a time and concentration dependent manner(P<0.05 or P<0.01).10μmol/L sodium arsenite as a follow-up study according to the IC50.Cell inhibition rate,apoptosis rate and Cleaved Caspase3 protein expression in 10μmol/L group were significantly higher than that of 0 mol/L group,the expression of β-catenin,Cyclin D1 protein was significantly lower than that of 0 mol/L group(P<0.01).Apoptosis rate,cell inhibition rate and Cleaved Caspase 3 protein expression in sodium arsenite group and activating agent+sodium arsenite group were significantly higher than control group,the expression of β-catenin and Cyclin D1 protein were significantly lower than control group(P<0.01).Apoptosis rate,cell inhibition rate and Cleaved Caspase 3 protein expression in activating agent + sodium arsenite group were significantly lower than that of sodium arsenite group,the expression of β-catenin and Cyclin D1 protein were significantly higher than that of sodium arsenite group(P<0.01).Conclusion Sodium arsenite can inhibit the proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma and promote apoptosis,and the mechanism was related to regulation of Wnt signaling pathway.

AIM To study the tissue distribution of strychnos nux vomica alkaloids in rats. METHODS Rats were given strychnos nux vomica alkaloids intravenously and strychnine(S), brucine(B), strychnine N oxide(SNO), brucine N oxide(BNO) in every tissue was determined by HPLC timely. RESULTS The concentration of S, B, SNO and BNO were high in brain and spinal marrow. CONCLUSION S, B, SNO and BNO all have the ability to permeate blood brain barrier.

Objective To explore the caring ability and demands of the primary caregivers of stroke patients in community. Methods Seventeen patients of stroke in community participated in the semi-structure interviews. Data were analyzed by Colaizzi phenomenological procedure. Results The lack of ability of the primary caregivers to take care of, mainly reflected inthe lack of professional knowledge of the disease, lack of basic skills and medication blindness. The factors that affected the ability of the primary caregiversto take care ofwere health status and psychological status of the caregivers, duration of illness of patients, coordination degree of patients and financial burden. The caring demands of the caregivers mainly focused on the following areas: professional medical support, economic support, daily care service, and spiritual support services. Conclusions The government and community health service centers should pay more attention tothe rehabilitation of stroke patients in community, and help them to solvepractical problemsactively, meet the care needs, and improve their self-care ability, so as to improve the ability of daily life and quality of life of patients.

Objective To investigate whether the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD) can independently increase the risk of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes .Methods The cardiovascular endpoints were observed after 5 years follow up for fat liver group (46 cases, patient with fat liver and with diabetes more than 10 years), non-fatty liver group (50 cases, patients without fatty liver disease and with diabetes more than 10 years), and normal glucose group (46cases, patient with NAFLD and with normal glucose) in the same demographic characteristics.Results ⑴ Patient status before enrollment: The body mass index (BMI), and blood glucose levels in fat liver group and non-fatty liver group were higher than normal glucose group , while the high-density lipopro-tein cholesterol ( HDL-C) was lower than normal glucose group ( P <0.05 ) .There is no significant difference among three groups in blood pressure and triglyceride ( TG) level ( P >0.05 ) .⑵After 5 years observation:The BMI , blood glucose , and TG levels in fat-ty liver disease group were significant higher than other two groups , while the HDL-C was lower than other two groups .The glucose control level of fat liver group was higher than normal glucose group ( P <0.05 ) .⑶After 5 years observation:The incidence of cardi-ovascular events of fat liver group was higher than other two groups ( P <0.05 ) .There is no significant difference between the normal glucose group and non-fatty liver group in the incidence of cardiovascular events ( P >0.05 ) .Conclusions NAFLD can independent-ly increase the risk of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes.

Objective To screen cardiac-specific short-acting peptides on live myocardial slices using phage display technology,so as to improve the targeted delivery efficiency of drugs in myocardium and provide effective candidates for the targeted therapy of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and other cardiomyopathies.Methods Myocardial tissue slices were prepared and cultured in vitro.The protein activities of the tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry.The in vitro cultured myocardial tissue slices were co-incubated with phage library (1×1012 pfu),and the phages that bound to the myocardium were recovered and amplified.The cardiac-specific targeting phages were identified by five rounds of in vitro phage biopanning.The candidate phage-related insertion sequence was sequenced,and the in vivo tissue distribution of the highly enriched phages was verified.Results A platform for in vitro culturing of live myocardial slices was established.Myocardial slices with good biological activity were obtained.After 48 hours of culturing,the normal expression and localization of Dystrophin protein were detected.Using phage library,candidate phages were screened after five rounds of phage biopanning.The results of the sequencing analyses and in vivo tissue distribution verification indicated that the selected candidate phages showed significant enrichment in myocardium and skeletal muscle,and showed low levels in liver and kidney tissues.Conclusions The candidate phages showed higher binding efficiency in both myocardium and skeletal muscle,indicating that the candidate peptides had myocardial targeting property,and that can provide a new method for myocardial targeting therapy of DMD.