Objective To study the spatial arrangement of mouse connecting tubules（CNT）and their transition to collecting duct system.Methods The renal tissues of three C57/BL/6J mice were fixed by perfusion and embedded in Epon 812.Totally 2 000 consecutive sections with the thickness of 2.5 μm were obtained from the renal surface to the papilla.The serial images under microscope were digitalized and aligned.Thirty eight CNT were traced with a series of computer programs.Results The CNT from long loop nephron ascended towards renal capsule and merged with 5 to 6 CNT from short loop nephrons to form the so-called arcade,while the latter or some of the CNT from the superficial cortex directly drained into the collecting duct in the superficial cortex.The lengths of CNT and the arcade ranged from 150 μm to 500 μm and 600 μm to 900 μm respectively.Conclusion The arcade or CNT drains into collecting duct only at superficial cortical level,which suggests that the reabsorption of the glomerular ultra-filtration in collecting ducts keeps unaffected when collecting duct runs through middle to deeper cortex.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for simultaneous determination of tanshinol,caffeic acid,rosmarinic,salviano-lic acid B,salvianolic acid A,tanshinoneⅠ,cryptotanshinone,tanshinone ⅡA and ursolic acid in Compound xueshuantong cap-sules. METHODS:UPLC-MS/MS method was adopted. The determination was performed on ACQUITY UPLC? BEH C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.1%formic acid(gradient elution)at the flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. The column tempera-ture was 40 ℃,and the temperature of injector was 10 ℃. Analysis time was 7 min,and sample size was 5 μL. The electrospray ionization source(ESI)was used;ion source temperature was 150℃;capillary voltage was 3.5 kV;cone flow was 50 L/h;desol-vation temperature was 350 ℃;desolvation gas flow was 650 L/h;nebuliser pressure was 7 × 105 Pa;ion monitoring and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was performed. RESULTS:The linear ranges of tanshinol,caffeic acid,rosmarinic,salvianolic acid B,salvianolic acid A,tanshinoneⅠ,cryptotanshinone,tanshinone ⅡA and ursolic acid were 10.0-100.0 μg/mL (r=0.9998), 0.1-1.0 μg/mL(r=0.9998),4.0-40.0 μg/mL(r=0.9999),10.0-100.0 μg/mL(r=0.9999),15.0-150.0 μg/mL(r=0.9997), 8.0-80.0 μg/mL(r=0.9998),10.0-100.0 μg/mL(r=0.9997),50.0-500.0 μg/mL(r=0.9997)and 6.0-60.0 μg/mL(r=0.9998), respectively. The limits of quantitation were 40.0,9.6,38.0,88.0,130.0,39.0,4.4,3.2 and 10.0 ng/mL,separately. The limits of detection were 12.0,3.0,11.0,26.0,39.0,12.0,1.3,1.0 and 3.0 ng/mL,respectively. RSDs of precision,stability and repro-ducibility tests were all lower than 3%. The recoveries were 97.34%-103.20%(RSD=2.19%,n=6),97.22%-102.39%(RSD=2.03%,n=6),98.51%-101.70%(RSD=1.32%,n=6),97.86%-102.49%(RSD=2.09%,n=6),96.75%-103.12%(RSD=2.36%,n=6),98.43%-101.65%(RSD=1.25%,n=6), 97.59%-101.50%(RSD=1.50%,n=6), 96.45%-102.88%(RSD=2.58%,n=6),97.02%-103.11%(RSD=2.38%,n=6),separately. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple and accurate,and can be used for simultaneous determination of 9 components in Compound xueshuantong capsules.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical characteristics and genetic etiology of a consanguineous Chinese pedigree affected with Congenital coagulation factor XII (XII) deficiency. METHODS: Members of the pedigree who had visited Ruian People's Hospital on July 12, 2021 were selected as the study subjects. Clinical data of the pedigree were reviewed. Peripheral venous blood samples were taken from the subjects. Blood coagulation index and genetic testing were carried out. Candidate variant was verified by Sanger sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. RESULTS: This pedigree has comprised 6 individuals from 3 generations, including the proband, his father, mother, wife, sister and son. The proband was a 51-year-old male with kidney stones. Blood coagulation test showed that his activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was significantly prolonged, whilst the FXII activity (FXII:C) and FXII antigen (FXII:Ag) were extremely reduced. The FXII:C and FXII:Ag of proband's father, mother, sister and son have all reduced to about half of the lower limit of reference range. Genetic testing revealed that the proband has harbored homozygous missense variant of c.1A>G (p.Arg2Tyr) of the start codon in exon 1 of the F12 gene. Sanger sequencing confirmed that his father, mother, sister and son were all heterozygous for the variant, whilst his wife was of the wild type. By bioinformatic analysis, the variant has not been included in the HGMD database. Prediction with SIFT online software suggested the variant is harmful. Simulation with Swiss-Pbd Viewer v4.0.1 software suggested that the variant has a great impact on the structure of FXII protein. Based on the Standards and Guidelines for the Interpretation of Sequence Variants: A Joint Consensus Recommendation of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), the variant was rated as likely pathogenic. CONCLUSION The c.1A>G (p.Arg2Tyr) variant of the F12 gene probably underlay the Congenital FXII deficiency in this pedigree. Above finding has further expanded the spectrum of F12 gene variants and provided a reference for clinical diagnosis and genetic counseling for this pedigree.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Factor XII/genetics* ; Pedigree ; Codon, Initiator ; East Asian People ; Mothers ; Factor XII Deficiency/genetics* ; Mutation

Objective To investigate whether Andrographolide(AG)can alleviate intestinal injury in sepsis by ac-tivating the SLC7A11/GPX4 axis in ferroptosis.Methods Forty rats were randomly divided into sham group(sham group),sepsis group(CLP group),AG low,medium and high dose groups(5,10 and 20 mg/kg).HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of Intestinal tract.ELISA method was used to determine Inter-leukin 6(IL-6),tumour necrosis factor α(TNF-α),intestinal fatty acid binding protein(I-FABP),D-lactate content.The mechanism of ferroptosis was explored with AG high dose group(AG20 group),forty rats were ran-domly divided into sham group,CLP group,ferroptosis inhibitor(Fer-1)group,AG20+Fer-1 group.HE staining and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the pathological changes of Intestinal tract.The kits were used to determine oxidative stress MDA,GSH levels and Fe3+content.Western blot was used to detect the protein levels of solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11),glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4),and ferritin heavy poly-peptide 1(FTH-1).Results Compared with the sham group,the CLP group showed severe morphological damage to the small intestine,with significantly higher levels of inflammation,I-FABP and D-lactate(all P＜0.05),the AG group reversed these changes in a concentration-dependent manner(all P＜0.05).Compared with the CLP group,the AG20 and Fer-1 groups showed improved pathological damage to the small intestine,with lower levels of MDA and Fe3+and higher levels of GSH,SLC7A11,GPX4 and FTH-1 protein expression increased(all P＜0.05),and pathological injury and oxidative stress were reduced in the AG20+Fer-1 group,and SLC7A11,GPX4 and FTH-1 protein expression increased more significantly(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which AG attenuates intestinal injury in sepsis may be related to SLC7A11/GPX4 axis activation in ferroptosis.

The UL49.5 gene of most herpesviruses is conserved and encodes glycoprotein N. However, the UL49.5 protein of duck enteritis virus (DEV) (pUL49.5) has not been reported. In the current study, the DEV pUL49.5 gene was first subjected to molecular characterization. To verify the predicted intracellular localization of gene expression, the recombinant plasmid pEGFP-C1/pUL49.5 was constructed and used to transfect duck embryo fibroblasts. Next, the recombinant plasmid pDsRed1-N1/glycoprotein M (gM) was produced and used for co-transfection with the pEGFP-C1/pUL49.5 plasmid to determine whether DEV pUL49.5 and gM (a conserved protein in herpesviruses) colocalize. DEV pUL49.5 was thought to be an envelope glycoprotein with a signal peptide and two transmembrane domains. This protein was also predicted to localize in the cytoplasm and endoplasmic reticulum with a probability of 66.7%. Images taken by a fluorescence microscope at different time points revealed that the DEV pUL49.5 and gM proteins were both expressed in the cytoplasm. Overlap of the two different fluorescence signals appeared 12 h after transfection and continued to persist until the end of the experiment. These data indicate a possible interaction between DEV pUL49.5 and gM.
Animals ; Ducks/virology ; Genes, Viral/genetics ; Mardivirus/*genetics ; Membrane Glycoproteins/*genetics ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary ; Viral Envelope Proteins/*genetics

Objective To analyze the residents' iodine nutrition level of Yunfu City in Guangdong Province from 2009 to 2016,in order to provide evidence for making prevention strategy of iodine deficiency disorders.Methods Four surveys on salt iodine levels,four surveys on urinary iodine levels of children aged 8-10 years old,two surveys on urinary iodine levels of pregnant women and one survey on iodine content in drinking water were carried out according to the prevention and control planning for endemic disease in Guangdong Province in Yunfu City from 2009 to 2016.Salt iodine was determined by direct titration (GB/T 13025.7-1999,GB/T 13025.7-2012),urinary iodine was determined by arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry (WS/T 107-2006,WS/T 107.1-2016),water iodine was determined by the national iodine deficiency disease reference laboratory recommended method.Results In 2009,2011,2015 and 2016,1 464,1 464,1 500,1 500 salt samples and 500,388,1 000,1 000 children were investigated,the medians of salt iodine levels were 30.3,28.1,24.8,and 24.8 mg/kg,respectively,and the medians of children urinary iodine levels were 208.3,188.3,143.1 and 165.2 μg/L,respectively.Five hundred,five hundred pregnant women were investigated in 2015 and 2016,and the medians of pregnant women urinary iodine levels were 101.0 and 96.4 μg/L,respectively.A total of 1 149 samples of drinking water were investigated in 2011-2016,the median of water iodine was 2.8 μg/L.Conclusion Yunfu is an iodine deficiency city,after adjusting the iodine content of edible salt in 2012,iodine nutrition in children is at an appropriate level,but the iodine intake level of pregnant women is relatively lower,so prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders and urinary iodine monitoring should be strengthened in pregnant women.

Objective:To further understand the real experience of the nurse in the rotation of NICU in neurosurgery.Methods:Qualitative research method was used to analyze the reflective diary of 26 nurses and the semi-structured interview data of 8 nurses.Results:Three primary themes and 11 secondary themes were extracted from the real experience of rotation of nurses in the neurointensive care unit: department integration and mental process, role competency and influencing factors, career expectations and coping strategies.Conclusions:At present, the integration process of the nurses in the neurointensive care unit is slow. Influenced by many factors, it is difficult to change their roles. It is the direction that nursing managers should pay attention to establish a diversified discipline training system and create a better organizational commitment

Objective:To investigate the current status of emotional labor of nurses in standardized training period, and to analyze the relationship between emotional labor and emotional intelligence.Methods:From May to June 2020, 312 nurses in the standardized training period were selected as the research objects, which were investigated with general information questionnaire, Emotional Labor Scale and Emotional Intelligence Scale.Results:The total score of standardized training nurses' emotional labor was (52.27±10.18) points, and the total average score of items was (3.73±0.73) points. The average scores of the three dimensions from high to low: deep acting (4.62±0.86) points, expression of genuine emotion (3.62±0.99) points and surface acting (3.42±0.95) points. There was a correlation between emotional intelligence and emotional labor. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the emotional evaluation of others ( β value was -0.189, P<0.05) ( β value was -0.255, P<0.01). Self emotional assessment ( β value was 0.297, P<0.01) ( β value was 0.177, P<0.05). Self emotional assessment ( β value was 0.269, P<0.05), which had a positive predictive effect on emotional expression requirements. Conclusions:The emotional labor of nurses in standardized training period is at the medium level, and the deep acting score is the highest between three dimensions. Hospital managers could promote nurses to use appropriate emotional labor strategies by strengthening the cultivation of emotional intelligence during standardized training period.

Objective:To evaluate the relationship between the preoperative neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio(NLR) and postoperative delirium (POD)in elderly patients.Methods:Nine hundred and thirty-seven patients, undergoing elective knee or hip arthroplasty under combined spinal and epidural anesthesia, in whom Mini-Mental State Examination was completed at 1 day before operation, with Mini-Mental State Examination score≥24, were selected. Elbow venous blood samples were collected before surgery, neutrophils and lymphocytes were counted, and the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes was calculated.Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 2 ml was extracted after successful spinal-epidural puncture for measurement of preoperative amyloid beta40 (Aβ40), amyloid beta42 (Aβ42), total Tau (T-tau), and phosphorylated Tau (P-tau) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. POD was assessed by Confusion Assessment Method, and the severity of POD was assessed by the Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale.The logistic regression equation was used to identify the risk factors for POD, and the mediating effect of CSF biomarkers was analyzed. Sensitivity analysis was used to test the stability of the results. The receiver operating characteristic curve was introduced, and the area under the curve was calculated to evaluate the accuracy of preoperative NLR in predicting POD.Results:A total of 853 patients were finally enrolled in this study, and 17.4% patients developed POD. Logistic regression analysis showed that the increased levels of NLR ( OR 1.141, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 1.033-1.260, P=0.010), P-tau in CSF ( OR 1.093, 95% CI 1.076-1.110, P<0.001) and T-tau in CSF( OR 1.003, 95% CI 1.001-1.005, P<0.001) were risk factors for POD, while the increased level of Aβ42 in CSF( OR 0.998, 95% CI 0.997-1.000, P=0.028) was a protective factor for POD after adjusting for multiple confounding factors. Analysis of mediating effect: T-tau and P-tau in CSF were the mediating factors in the relationship between NLR and POD with the mediating effects of 0.011 9 and 0.020 0 respectively, and the proportion of mediating effect was 46.1% and 53.1% respectively.The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the area under the curve of NLR and combination of NLR and CSF biomarkers in predicting POD was 0.711 and 0.939 respectively. Conclusions:Increased preoperative NLR level is a risk factor for POD, and combination of NLR and CSF biomarkers shows a higher accuracy in predicting POD. T-tau and P-tau in CSF serve as the key mediators in the relationship between NLR and POD.