Objective:To Clone the silencer sequences of human stimulator of interferon genes (STING) and evaluate its activity in HEK293T and HeLa, and to preliminarily investigate the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, screening and verifying the possible binding elements for the silencer sequences of STING.Methods:The human STING-5-1a(-124~+ 267, transcription start site, TSS: 0) and STING-5-2a(-124~+ 168) regions were amplified by PCR, subcloned into pGL3-Basic plasmid, and the luciferase activity was detected in HEK293T and HeLa; the human STING silencer region STING-5-1b(+ 169~+ 267) was subcloned into the pGL3-Control plasmid (pGL3-C-5-1b-positive/negative) and STING-5-1b is divided into two complementary elements, subcloned into pGL3-Control vector, named pGL3-C-STING 5-1b-α(+ 169~+ 209) and pGL3-C-STING-5-1b-β(+ 210~+ 267), detecting the relative luciferase activity of the above plasmid in HEK293T and HeLa. Using bioinformatics methods to predict the transcription factor binding site of human STING silencer, make site-directed mutagenesis at the predicted binding site, and detect luciferase activity. Knockdown of THAP1 and TEAD1 by a siRNA strategy and detect the expression level of STING by western blot analysis. Chromosome immunoprecipitation assay further verified the binding of transcription factor to hSTING silencer.Results:It was verified that plasmids mentioned above were constructed correctly by nucleotide sequencing. The relative luciferase increased after truncating the STING-5-1b(+ 169~+ 267) fragment. The relative luciferase activity of pGL3-C-5-1b-positive recombinant plasmid decreased ( P<0.05), compared with pGL3-Control plasmid. Among them, STING-5-1b-β(+ 210~+ 267) fragment play a major inhibitory role. Using bioinformatics software to predict that the transcription factors PR domain zinc finger protein 4 (PRDM4), Thanatos-associated protein 1 (THAP1), TEA Domain Transcription Factor 1 (TEAD1), Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 (NR4A1), Krueppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and Forkhead box protein O3(FOXO3) may bind to the human STING silencer region (+ 210~+ 267). After transfecting the mutant recombinant plasmid of the transcription factors into HEK293T and HeLa, the relative luciferase activity of THAP1-Mut and TEAD1-Mut were significantly increased, suggesting that STING silencers may contain binding sites of THAP1 and TEAD1. Knockdown of THAP1 and TEAD1 by a siRNA strategy significantly enhanced the transcription activity. Chromosome immunoprecipitation assay showed that the transcription factors TEAD1 and THAP1 combined with hSTING silencer region in the cells. Conclusions:The hSTING silencer luciferase reporter plasmid was successfully constructed. By the activity comparison, it is speculated that the core silencer region of human STING is located in the + 210~+ 267 element, which may contain several potential transcription factor binding sequences.The potential binding sites for transcription factors that may be contained in the DNA, and use Western blot and chromosome immunoprecipitation assays to further confirm the combination of transcription factors TEAD1 and THAP1 with hSTING silencer, laying the foundation for subsequent research.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) with hyoid suspension for patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). METHOD: Thirty-eight OSAHS patients underwent UPPP with hyoid suspension. Review the sleep monitoring after 6 months and 1 year and compare the AHI, LSaO 2 and ESS score. RESULT: The average AHI decreased, and blood oxygen saturation increased significantly afer operation. CONCLUSION UPPP with hyoid suspension is an available and relatively safe surgical approach in OSAHS patients.
Humans ; Palate ; surgery ; Pharynx ; surgery ; Sleep ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; surgery ; Uvula ; surgery

Objective:To explore the effect and correlation of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) IDI2-AS1/microRNA-33b-5p (miR-33b-5p)/nuclear receptor-associated protein NR4A2 competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network on acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and to verify whether IDI2-AS1 regulates NR4A2 through miR-33b-5p to affect the occurrence and development of myocardial infarction.Methods:The miRNA and mRNA expression chips related to myocardial infarction were obtained from gene expression omnibus (GEO), and the differential expression was analyzed. The upstream regulatory mechanism of NR4A2 was predicted using TargetScan database. Thirty-two male C57/BL6 mice were divided into Sham group, AMI model group, miR-33b-5p mimic group [miR-33b-5p mimic lentivirus (5×10 7 TU) was injected locally into the heart tissue during ligation] and miR-33b-5p inhibitor group [miR-33b-5p inhibitor lentivirus (5×10 7 TU) was injected locally into the heart tissue during ligation] according to random number table method, with 8 mice per group. Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD) were asseessed by echocardiography, left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were calculated. After the last weighing, the anesthetized mice were sacrificed and the heart tissues were taken. Masson staining of the heart tissues was observed under light microscope, myocardial collagen volume fraction (CVF) and infarct size were calculated. Cardiomyocytes of SPF grade SD rats were collected. They were divided into normal control group (control group), ischemia-hypoxia model group, miR-33b-5p mimic transfection group (miR-33b-5p mimic transfection group before ischemia and hypoxia treatment) and miR-33b-5p inhibitor transfection group (miR-33b-5p inhibitor transfection group before ischemia and hypoxia treatment). The activity of caspase-3/7 in cardiomyocytes was measured. The levels of interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), creatine kinase (CK), MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were detected by colorimetry. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bax and Bcl-2, cytochrome C (Cyt C) and IDI2-AS1/miR-33b-5p/NR4A2 regulatory axis genes. Results:The myocardial infarction microarray analysis showed that NR4A2 expression was significantly up-regulated in myocardial infarction, with predicted upstream regulatory mechanisms indicating its possible influence through the IDI2-AS1/miR-33b-5p/NR4A2 regulatory axis. Echocardiographic detection showed that compared with AMI model group and miR-33b-5p inhibitor group, LVEF and LVFS in the heart tissue of mice in miR-33b-5p mimic group were significantly increased, while the levels of LVEDD, LVESD, CK, CK-MB and LDH were significantly decreased, with statistical significance. Light microscope showed myocardial fibrosis and myocardial infarction in AMI model group and miR-33b-5p inhibitor group. In the miR-33b-5p mimic group, the degree of myocardial fibrosis was decreased and the myocardial infarction size was significantly reduced. Compared with AMI model group and miR-33b-5p inhibitor group, the levels of MDA, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and the expressions of Bax and Cyt C in the heart tissue of mice in miR-33b-5p mimic group were significantly decreased, while the levels of SOD and Bcl-2 expression were significantly increased, and the differences were statistically significant. The expressions of IDI2-AS1 and NR4A2 in the heart tissue of mice in miR-33b-5p mimic group were significantly lower than those in AMI model group and miR-33b-5p inhibitor group [IDI2-AS1 (2 -ΔΔCt): 1.96±0.08 vs. 2.73±0.08, 3.10±0.05, NR4A2 (2 -ΔΔCt): 2.36±0.07 vs. 3.16±0.08, 3.80±0.08, all P < 0.01]. The expression of miR-33b-5p was significantly higher than that of AMI model group and miR-33b-5p inhibitor group (2 -ΔΔCt: 0.88±0.07 vs. 0.57±0.07, 0.23±0.01, both P < 0.01). The cell experiment results showed that the caspase-3/7 activity of rat neonatal cardiomyocytes in the miR-33b-5p mimic transfection group was significantly lower than that in the ischemia-hypoxia model group and the miR-33b-5p inhibitor transfection group, suggesting that miR-33b-5p can significantly reduce the apoptosis level of the ischemia-hypoxia model. The levels of peroxidation and inflammation indexes, important genes of apoptosis pathway and the expression of IDI2-AS1/miR-33b-5p/NR4A2 regulatory axis of rat neonatal cardiomyocytes in all groups were consistent with the above. Conclusion:IDI2-AS1 can regulate NR4A2 through miR-33b-5p, thus affecting the occurrence and development of AMI.

Objective To investigate the influences of IL-17 on regulatory T ( Treg) cells during Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Methods Wild-type ( WT) C57BL/6 mice and IL-17-/- mice were in-tranasally injected with 1×103inclusion forming units (IFU) of Chlamydia muridarum (Cm) to establish the mouse model of Chlamydia trachomatis respiratory tract infection. Mouse spleen and lung single cells were prepared. The percentages of CD4+CD25+T and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T cells were detected by flow cytome-try. Expression of Foxp3 and TGF-β at mRNA level in lung was detected by RT-PCR. The levels of IL-10 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples were detected by ELISA. Results Compared with the WT mice, the IL-17-/- mice had higher percentages of CD4+CD25+T and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T cells in spleen and lung on the third day of Cm infection. Both of the expression of Foxp3 at mRNA level in lung and the secretion of IL-10 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were increased in IL-17-/- mice as compared with those in WT mice. No significant difference in the expression of TGF-β at mRNA level in lung tissues was found between the two groups. Conclusion IL-17 might inhibit the proliferation of Treg cells and the secretion of IL-10 in the very early stage of Cm respiratory tract infection.

Objective To design a mobile personnel radiation protection equipment for operation in environments with high radiation such as spent fuel reprocessing plants, to achieve simultaneous protection against γ radiation, neutron radiation, and radioactive aerosol, to reduce the internal and external exposure dose of radioactive workers, and to meet the requirement of operation for two hours. Methods The core parts of the mobile personnel radiation protection equipment included a shielding chamber and a respiratory maintenance system. An automated chassis was used for the movement and lifting of the shielding chamber. MCNP software was used to simulate and calculate the protective effects of shielding chamber made of different materials and material thicknesses. Experimental verification of the shielding chamber design was conducted. Mathematical models were established to describe the variations in the content of various gases in the chamber with personnel operation time. A respiratory maintenance system, a harmful gas absorption device, and an automated mobile chassis were designed. Results The shielding chamber made of polyethylene with a thickness of 80 mm achieved an 80% neutron shielding rate. The respiratory maintenance system could support workers for 2 hours of operation inside the equipment. The mobile chassis allowed operation of the equipment with one person. Conclusion This mobile personnel radiation protection equipment can solve the problem in simultaneous protection against γ radiation, neutron radiation, and radioactive aerosol. The equipment can provide radiation protection for radioactive workers, reduce exposure dose, and reduce personnel burden. This system provides technical means for the operation and maintenance of equipment in high-radiation sites such as spent fuel reprocessing plants.

Animal experiments play an important role in the process of biomedical research, and is a necessary way to transform basic medicine into clinical medicine. The standardization of animal experimental studies and reports determines the reliability and reproducibility of research results, and is also the key to transforming the results of animal experiments into clinical trials. In view of how to design and implement animal experiments, write animal experiment reports, and publish relevant academic papers in a more standardized way, LACM (Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine) has launched a new column of comparative medical research and reporting standards from 2023, focusing on the introduction and interpretation of international general norms related to laboratory animal and comparative medicine, such as ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines (Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments). This article focuses on the development and application, basic content and priority of ARRIVE 2.0, as well as the scheme of implementing ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines in international biomedical journals, and explains the current situation and future plans of LACM following ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines. The research and report of animal experimental medicine following the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines and other international norms is one of the important driving forces to promote the high-quality development of experimental animal science and biomedicine in China, and also a powerful means to implement the 3R principle and improve the welfare of laboratory animals. Through this article, we hope the majority of scientific researchers and editors will attach great importance and actively implement these international standards.

Improving the reproducibility of biomedical research results is a major challenge.Transparent and accurate reporting of the research process enables readers to evaluate the reliability of the research results and further explore the experiment by repeating it or building upon its findings. The ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines, released in 2019 by the UK National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs), provide a checklist applicable to any in vivo animal research report. These guidelines aim to improve the standardization of experimental design, implementation, and reporting, as well as the reliability, repeatability, and clinical translatability of animal experimental results. The use of ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines not only enriches the details of animal experimental research reports, ensuring that information on animal experimental results is fully evaluated and utilized, but also enables readers to understand the content expressed by the author accurately and clearly, promoting the transparency and integrity of the fundamental research review process. At present, the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines have been widely adopted by international biomedical journals. This article is a Chinese translation based on the best practices of international journals following the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines in international journals, specifically for the complete interpretation of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines published in the PLoS Biology journal in 2020 (original text can be found at https://arriveguidelines.org). The fourth part of the article includes the items 1-5 of ARRIVE 2.0 Recommended 11 section, which covers "Abstract" "Background" "Objectives" "Ethical statement" and "Housing and husbandry". Its aim is to promote the full understanding and use of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines by domestic researchers, enhance the standardization of experimental animal research and reporting, and promote the high-quality development of experimental animal technology and comparative medicine research in China.

Improving the reproducibility of biomedical research results remains a major challenge. Transparent and accurate reporting of progress can help readers evaluate the reliability of research results and further explore an experiment by repeating or building upon its findings. The ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines, released in 2019 by the UK National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement, and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs), provide a checklist applicable to any in vivo animal research report. These guidelines aim to improve the standardization of experimental design, implementation, and reporting, as well as the reliability, repeatability, and clinical translatability of animal experimental results. The use of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines not only enriches the details of animal experimental research reports, ensuring that information on animal experimental results is fully evaluated and utilized, but also enables readers to understand the content expressed by the author accurately and clearly, promoting the transparency and integrity of the fundamental research review process. At present, the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines have been widely adopted by international biomedical journals. This article is the second part of the Chinese translation of the complete interpretation of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines published in PLoS Biology in 2020 (original text can be found at https://arriveguidelines.org) and based on the best practices for following the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines in international journals. This part includes Items 4-7 of "ARRIVE Essential 10" in the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines: "Randomization", "Blinding", "Outcome Measurement", and "Statistical Methods". Our Chinese translated version aims to promote the full understanding and use of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines by domestic researchers, enhancing the standardization of experimental animal research and reporting, and promoting the high-quality development of experimental animal technology and comparative medicine research in China.

Improving the reproducibility of biomedical research results is a major challenge. Researchers reporting their research process transparently and accurately can help readers evaluate the reliability of the research results and further explore the experiment by repeating it or building upon its findings. The ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines, released in 2019 by the UK National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs), provide a checklist applicable to any in vivo animal research report. These guidelines aim to improve the standardization of experimental design, implementation, and reporting, as well as the reliability, repeatability, and clinical translatability of animal experimental results. The use of ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines not only enriches the details of animal experimental research reports, ensuring that information on animal experimental results is fully evaluated and utilized, but also enables readers to understand the content expressed by the author accurately and clearly, promoting the transparency and integrity of the fundamental research review process. At present, the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines have been widely adopted by international biomedical journals. this article is a Chinese translation based on the best practices of international journals following the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines in international journals, specifically for the complete interpretation of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines published in the PLoS Biology journal in 2020 (original text can be found at https://arriveguidelines.org). The first part of the article includes the preface and the "Key 10" section, which covers "study design" "sample size" and "inclusion and exclusion criteria". Its aim is to promote the full understanding and use of the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines by domestic researchers, enhance the standardization of experimental animal research and reporting, and promote the high-quality development of experimental animal technology and comparative medicine research in China.

In atherosclerosis, chronic inflammatory processes in local diseased areas may lead to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we devised a highly sensitive H₂O₂-scavenging nano-bionic system loaded with probucol (RPP-PU), to treat atherosclerosis more effectively. The RPP material had high sensitivity to H₂O₂, and the response sensitivity could be reduced from 40 to 10 μmol/L which was close to the lowest concentration of H₂O₂ levels of the pathological environment. RPP-PU delayed the release and prolonged the duration of PU in vivo. In Apolipoprotein E deficient (ApoE^‒/‒) mice, RPP-PU effectively eliminated pathological ROS, reduced the level of lipids and related metabolic enzymes, and significantly decreased the area of vascular plaques and fibers. Our study demonstrated that the H₂O₂-scavenging nano-bionic system could scavenge the abundant ROS in the atherosclerosis lesion, thereby reducing the oxidative stress for treating atherosclerosis and thus achieve the therapeutic goals with atherosclerosis more desirably.