Objective To investigate the effects of H. pylori infection on cyclooxygenase 2 (COX 2) expression in gastric antral mucosa. Methods Antral biopsies were taken from 46 patients with chronic gastritis and H. pylori infection before and after anti H. pylori treatment. COX 2 protein was stained by immunohistochemical method. Gastritis and H. pylori infection status were graded according to the updated. Sydney system. Results Cytoplasmic staining of COX 2 protein could be detected in epithelial cell both before and after eradication of H. pylori . The mean percentage of the cells staining with COX 2 was significantly higher in H. pylori infected mucosa, compared with the mucosa after successful H. pylori eradication [(20.1?13.1)% vs (13.8?5.9)%, P

ObjectiveTo investigate the high risk factors,etiology,diagnosis,treatment and precaution of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in pregnancy and puerperium. MethodsData of 16 cases of VTE admitted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1992 to April 2011 were analyzed retrospectively.The differences of blood routine test and coagulation function between VTE patients (study group) and normal pregnant women (control group) were compared by paired t test in this case-control study.Results All patients were diagnosed by color Doppler ultrasound or CT pulmonary artery angiography.Five cases (31.2 ％) occurred before delivery and 11 (68.8 ％) occurred during postpartum.Two cases (12.5 ％)complicated by pulmonary thromboembolism,and one of them died.Six cases (37.5％) were older than or equal to 35 years old,and 12 cases (75.0％) had gestational complications.The hematocrit in study group were lower than that in control group (0.29±0.06 vs 0.39±0.02,t=4.56,P=0.01).There was no statistical difference between the coagulation function of the two groups.After anticoagulant therapy or surgery,15 cases recovered.One pulmonary thromboembolism patients complicated with rheumatic cardiac disease remained shock after anti-coagulants was administered,then died of hemorrhage of respiratory tract after inferior vena cava filter placement. Conclusions VTE is likcly to happen in puerperium than in pregnancy.There are no good screening indicators for thromboembolism during pregnancy and puerperium.Anticoagulation is recommended to be the first line therapy.For women with high risk of thromboembolism,it is suggested to prevent actively and treat early to decrease the complications and long-term sequelea.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of alendronate sodium on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone marker in prostate cancer elderly patients after medical castration therapy. METHODS:In perspective study,84 elderly patients undergoing medical castration therapy were selected and divided into treatment group(45 cases)and control group(39 cases)according to ran-dom number table. Control group received medical castration therapy+Calcium carbonate D3 tablets,1 tablet,po,qn;treatment group was additionally given Alendronate sodium tablets 70 mg,po,once a week,1 week after routine treatment,on the basis of control group. Treatment course of 2 groups lasted for 12 months. The levels of 25-OH-D,testosterone,BMD and bone marker were observed in 2 groups,and the occurrence of ADR was recorded. RESULTS:3 cases of treatment group and 1 case of control group dropped out of the study. Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in above indexes between 2 groups (P>0.05). After treatment,25-OH-D levels of 2 groups were increased slightly,but there was no statistical significance(P>0.05);tes-tosterone level of 2 groups were decreased significantly compared to before treatment,with statistical significance (P<0.05). 12 months after treatment,BMD of lumbar vertebra,collum femoris and hip were increased significantly in treatment group,while those were decreased significantly in control group;there was statistical significance in above indexes between 2 groups(P<0.05). The levels of N-terminal midfragment of osteocalcin,procollagen Ⅰ N-terminal propeptide and β-crosslaps were decreased signifi-cantly in treatment group,while those were increased significantly in control group;there was statistical significance in above in-dexes between 2 groups (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Alendronate sodium can prevent bone loss and reduce the rate of bone turnover in elderly patients with prostate cancer receiving medical castration therapy.

A total of 185 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were consisted of male group (n =95) and postmenopausal female group (n =90).The parameters of fasting plasma glucose,HbA1c,fasting insulin,fasting C peptide,homeostasis model assessment insulin resistant index (HOMA-IR) and β-cell function (HOMA-β),blood lipid,body mass index,and waist to hip ratio were collected and analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis.The relationships between osteocalcin and these parameters were investigated.The results revealed that osteocalcin was negatively correlated with HbA1C (P＜0.05),and osteocalcin was an independent relevant factor affecting HbA1Clevels.Osteocalcin may be involved in the regulation of glucose metabolism in T2DM.

AIM To study the effect of 17?-estradiol(E 2) on apoptosis of macrophages at certain concentration.METHODS Fluorescent microscopy and scanning eletron microscopy(ESEM) were used to detect apoptosis changes of macrophages induced by E 2 at relatively high concentration and intracellular Ca 2+ and matochontrial transmembrane potential were examined by laser scanning confocal microscopy(LSCM). RESULTS Apoptosis of macrophages was induced by high concentration of E 2 (≥1 ?mol?L -1). Intracellular Ca 2+ elevated and matochontrial transmembrane potential decreased after E 2 treatment. CONCLUSION Apoptosis of macrophages is induced by certain concentration of E 2 (≥1 ?mol?L -1) and this may be related to elevated intracellular Ca 2+ and decreased matochontrial transmembrane potential.

Objective To explore the clinical character istics of bile reflux gastritis. Methods We observed 1328 patients with bile reflux gastritis(excluding gastritis of the remnant stomach),and selected 425 superficial gastritis as control group.All the patients took helicobacter pylori(Hp) rapid urease examination. 664 cases in observed group and all in patients of control group were examined for bile disease by UB. Results In 1328 patients,there were 797 male and 531 female,and the ratio of male and female was 1.5/1.The detecting rate of bile reflux gastritis was decreased along with aging. Among all the patients,there were 651 simple superficial gastritis(49%),86 gastric ulcer(6.5%),412 duodenal ulcer (31%),122 combined ulcer(9.2%) and 57 other disease(4.7%).In observed group,1030 HP(77.56%) were regative; 298 Hp(22.44%) were positive,and in control group,282 Hp(66.35%) were regative,147 Hp(33.65%) were positive.The amount of gallbladder disease resection was 221(33.3%),which was more than that of control group(16.9%). Conclusion The detecting rate of bile reflux gastritis was decreased along with aging.Bile reflux gastritis is more often combined with ulcer disease or gallbladder disease. The Hp infection rate of bile reflux gastritis is significant lower than that of non-bile reflux gastritis.

This study aimed at exploring the effects of Griffipavixanthone,a natural small molecule extracted from Garcinia esculenta,on the autophagy and the mechanism behind it.Cervical cancer HeLa cells were selected as the model in vitro.Confocal microscopy,flow cytometry and immunoblotting were performed to know the impacts of Griffipavixanthone on signaling pathway over autophagy flux and calcium level;while nude mouse model was established to explore its anti-cancer action in vivo.It was found that Griffipavixanthone significantly induced GFP-LC3 puncta formation and the accumulation of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ,and increased the protein expression of SQSTM1 in HeLa cells in a time and concentration dependent manner.MTT assay results showed that Griffipavixanthone inhibited the growth of HeLa cells in a dosage dependent manner,and eliminated the tolerance of tumor cells to nutrient starvation,which fastened the death of cells.Griffipavixanthone also down-regulated the concentration of calcium in the cytoplasm.Furthermore,the in vivo study indicated that intratumoral injection of Griffipavixanthone presented the anti-cancer effect to a certain extent.In conclusion,it was suggested that Griffipavixanthone inhibit autophagy with the potential to be developed into a clinical anti-cancer agent.Griffipavixanthone sensitized HeLa cells to nutrient stress-induced cell death through inhibiting the autophagy flux and the level of calcium in the cytoplasm.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical features and pregnant outcomes of the pregnant women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD).MethodsThe clinical features,therapies,pregnant outcomes of the pregnant women with 21-OHD were retrospectively reviewed in Peking Union Medical College Hospital,from January 2005 to April 2011.ResultsThere were 8 pregnant womenwith 21-OHD including 5siinplevirilizing patientsand 3nonclassical 21-OHD women.Eightpatientswereacceptedprogestationalandprenatalcontinuallowerglucocorticoid treatment.During the gestational period,the dosage of glucocorticoid was adjusted in one pregnancy.The serum level of 17-alpha hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) were elevated after pregnancy [ (70 ± 38 ) versus (24 ±23) nmol/L,P ＜ 0.05].The fertility and offspring rate of 8 patients was 8/12,the fertility and offspring rate of patients who started treatment at preadolescence was significantly increased (4/5 versus 4/7).Four patients were accepted genital reconstructive surgery ( clitorectomy,clitoroplasty,vulvoplasty) before pregnancy.The incidence of GDM was 1/8.All patients selected caesarean at from 37 +6 gestation weeks to 39+6 gestation weeks.The average newborn birth weight was (3210 ± 447 ) g,and height was (48 ±2) cm of 8 neonates,none of them was CAH.Conclusions Medical and surgical therapy provides satisfactory fertility and pregnancy outcomes for women with 21-OHD.It is safe to pregnant women with 21-OHD and their fetus in continual lower glucocorticoid treatment.The dosage of glucocorticoid should be carefully adjusted during the pregnancy individually according to serum level of 17-OHP.

Objective To compare the efficacy of pantoprazoh based short-term quadruple regimens in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) infection for 4 days,5 days or 7days. Methods 166 patients with H. Pylori associated severe gastritis were randomly divided into pantoprozole quadruple regimens of 4-day group (n =61) ,5-day group (n = 54) or 7-day group (n = 51). The regimen was pantoprazole 40 mg,bismuth potassium citrate 220 mg,elarithromycin 250 mg and amoxicillin 1 g twice daily. The patients received pantoprazole for 1 week, bismuth potassium citrate for 2 weeks,clarithromycin and amoxicillin for 4 days,5 days or 7 days respectively. The H. Pylori eradication and symptomatic relief was determinded by 13C-UBT at least 4 weeks after the therapy. Results The H. Pylori eradication rates of 4-day,5-day or 7-day panteprazole quadruple regimens were 73.8% (45/61) ,75.9% (41/54) and 80.4% (41/51) respectively. The pain relief rates were 82.4% (42/51) ,85.1% (40/47) and 88.9% (40/45) in 4-day,5-day and 7 day group. Conclusion The 4-day and 5- day pantoprazoh based quadrual therapy is a short- term, effective, safe and lower therapeutic- cost regimen for H. Pylori eradication.