Objective To explore the correlative factors of hypotension among hemodialysis patients and to come up with nursing interventions.Methods The histories of 49 maintenance hemodialysis patients were retrospectively reviewed to find out the correlative factors of hypotension and summarize the nursing strategies.Results The major factors for hypotension included large volume of dehydration and fast speed of dehydration in 22 cases,malnutrition and hypoproteinemia in 8 cases,severe anemia in 6 cases,dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system in 5 cases,low concentration of sodium or high temperature of dialysate in 4 case and medication errors and eating too much before or during dialysis in 4 cases.Conclusion The nursing strategies including control of weight,correct assessment of dry weight,right performance of low temperature hemodialysis and sodiun profile hemodialysis as well as mental care to those with depression are critical for prevention of hypotension development in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.

Objective To evaluate evidence-based practice of catheter removal strategy in patients with short-term indwelling catheter after partial nephrectomy. Try to apply the best evidence into practice, and further to improvethe quality of clinical nursing through quality review. Methods Two rounds of quality review were carried out in the 2 wards from July to December in 2016. Using the 5 review criteria of best evidence, we reviewed baseline of catheter removal strategies for patients with short-term indwelling catheter after partial nephrectomy and developed appropriate evidence-based practice. Further, the best evidence was integrated into clinical nursing practice, and the prognosis was reviewed after then. Results In the baseline review, the compliance of the 5 review criteria was 0. However, after introducing the best evidence into nursing practice,the compliance was up to 100%. The mastering of evaluation knowledge of catheter removal of nurses increased from 73.00 ± 9.35 to 94.81 ± 3.38 with significant difference (t=12.72, P<0.01). The indwelling time of catheter shorted from (5.69±0.79) d to(4.24±0.82) d. The difference was significant (t=5.47, P<0.01). Conclusions Evidence-based nursing practice improvesthe strategies of short-term catheter removal after partialnephrectomy, while closer cooperation between nurses and doctors are still needed to promote the continuous improvement of nursing quality.

Object To determine the diumal changes of photosynthesis, its relationships with light intensities and temperatures, and the contents of chloroophyll in leaves of Dendrobium candidum Wall. ex. Lindl., D. wilsonii Rolfe and D. hercoglossum Reichb. f. Methods The net photosynthetic rate (NPR) was measured at intervals of 1.5 h during daytimes 7:30—16:30, under the photosynthetic affective rates 0—140 mmol/(m 2?s), and under the temperatures 29.6—38.2 ℃; contents of chlorophyll a and b in leaves were measured. Results NPR, light saturation point and compensation point were low in each of the three Dendrobium L. species. The NPR peaked during 8:00 and 10:00 am, and thereafter decreased rapidly as the temperature and light intensity increased. Content of chlorophyll b was high in the leaves. Conclusion These results indicated that the Dendrobium L. species, which are sciophyte plants, have great adaptations to their growing habitats.

Objective To investigate the changes of plasma adrenomedullin(ADM) and C-type natriuretic peptide(CNP) levels with elderly hypertension(HPE).Methods The plasma levels of ADM and CNP were measured by radioimmunoassay in 136 cases of the HPE(group A) compared with that of in 40 cases healthy elders(group B).Results The plasma levelsof ADM and CNP increased significantly in group A compared with group B(P

Objective To observe the changes of plasma adrenomedullin(ADM) and endothelin-1(ET-1),angiotension Ⅱ(Ang-Ⅱ) levels and their clinical significance in the patients with elderly hypertension(HPE).Methods The plasma levels of ADM and ET-1,Ang-Ⅱ were measured by radioimmunoassay in 136 patients with HPE compared with that of in 40 casers of health elders.Results The plasma levels of ADM and ET-1,Ang-Ⅱ were increased significantly in HPE compared with health elders(P

Objective To investigate chromosomal aneuploidy of chorionic villior tissue from embryo arrestor spontaneous miscarriage by the method of multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification(MLPA), and to provide genetic etiology data for recurrent spontaneous abortion(RSA) and embryo arrest.Methods The clinical retrospective analysis was used during November 2013 to October 2016 in Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital.The genomic DNA of 7 036 chorionic villi or tissue samples from embryo arrestor pregnancy loss were extracted by resin and Proteinase K, following detected by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, and then analyzed by descriptive and frequency statistic using SPSS17.0 software.Results Totally 2 984 samples (42.41%) with chromosomal aneuploidy were detected, of which, the top five were trisomy 16(826)11.74%, monosomy X (Turner,401)5.70%, trisomy 22(247)3.51%, trisomy 13(149)2.12% and trisomy 21(144)2.05%.Aneuploidy 19 or 17 were rare,just 1 and 3 cases respectively.The aneuploidy of chromosome 1 was not discovered yet.There were 161 samples (2.28%) for segmental deletion and/or duplication cases.Besides of the monosomy X(Turner,401), monsomy 21 was also high frequency(17,0.24%).In addition, 56 samples(0.80%)were double trisomic,while 2 samples(0.03%)were tris-trisomy.Thirteen samples(0.18%)were heterosome trisomy,and five samples(0.07%)were Turner combined trisomy.Fifteen samples(0.21%) were unbalanced translocation of the arm,while 20 samples(0.28%) were nonhomologous chromosome translocation.Conclusions Trisome and monosome were the majority of chromosome abnormality (above 90%), as well as the main cause of spontaneous miscarriage.Meanwhile the chromosome aneuploidy (including segment deletion or duplication) could be screened by MLPA quickly, thoroughly and efficiently, further more discover the carrier of balanced translocation in couples and provide valuable genetic information for next pregnancy.

Objective To survey and analyze the etiology of pericardial effusion in different age patients. Methods The data of 450 patients who were diagnosed as pericardial effusion were studied retrospectively. The pathogenesis of pericardial effusion were analyzed and compared among the five age groups : juvenile group (0-19 years),young group (20-39 years),middle age group (40-59 years), aged group (60-79 years) and existed advanced age group (≥80 years). Results The different pathogenesis of pericardial effusion existed in different age groups. The first three causes are tumor, tuberculous, heart failure in all patients. As a pathogeny, cardiopulmonary insufficiency induced pericardial effusions constitute the majority (about 50%) in the advanced age group. Tumor, heart failure are the main causes in aged group. In middle age group, tumor and tuberculous are the most frequent pathogenesis, while the tuberculous is the principal causes in juvenile and young groups. Conclusions The rate of tumor, heart failure, lung infection raised along with the age increasing in the patients with pericardial effusion, meanwhile the cases of tuberculoses declined. Attention should be given to this tendency on the diagnosis and treatment of the patients with pericardial effusions.

Objective To optimize the technology conditions of ultrasonic-enzyme-assisted extraction for sanguinarine from Zanthoxylum nitidum.Methods Extraction rate of sanguinarine determined by HPLC was served as an index.The applicability of the extraction solvent added with acid and enzymatic hydrolysis pretreatment to the ultrasonic-enzyme-assisted extraction of Zanthoxylum nitidum was investigated.Ultrasonic power,extraction frequency and solvent volume were optimized by orthogonal experiment.Finally,ultrasonic extraction time was optimized in dynamic process.Results The optimal process was as follows:Zanthoxylum nitidum powder was extracted 3 times by ultrasonic-wave (250 W) with 40％ ethanol (0.2％hydrochloride) as solvent (extracted for 15 rmin with 6-fold solvent at the first time,then extracted for 12 min with 3-fold solvent at the second and the third time,respectively).The extraction rate of sanguinarine was 88.6％.Conclusion The process is economic,efficient,energy-and time-saving,and provides experimental basis for industrial production of sanguinarine.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the characteristics of pathogens distribution of pediatric vulvovaginitis and drug resis-tance,and to provide reference for clinical drug use. METHODS:409 strains of positive routine bacteria and fungus culture were collected from 380 children with vulvovaginitis in 2014. The pathogens culture and drug sensitivity were recorded. RESULTS:The top 5 bacteria were Escherichia coli [36.67%(150/409)],Haemophilus influenzae [20.29%(83/409)],Streptococcus hemolyticus group A [13.20%(54/409)],Klebsiella pneumonia [8.80%(36/409)] and Staphylococcus aureus [5.37%(22/409)]. CONCLU-SIONS:The main pathogenic bacteria of pediatric vulvovaginitis is Gram negative bacilli,so that drug resistance should be paid at-tention to improve therapeutic efficacy when antibiotics are used in the clinic. The result of sensitivity test should be taken as basis for rational application of antibiotics in the treatment.

Objective To optimize extraction technology of flavonesingredients from Herba Epimedii by uniform design. Methods Ultraviolet spectrophotometry was adopted to determine the content of total flavonoids. Content of epimedin A, epimedin B,epimedin C,icariin and baohuosideⅠ were determined by HPLC. U10?( 108 ) uniform design was used to conduct the multiple comprehensive evaluation of six ingredients and comprehensively analyze the influence of the concentration and amount of ethanol, extracting time on extraction of flavonesin gredients from Herba Epimedii. Results The uniform design experiment showed that 15-fold weight of 60% ethanol,extracting 2 times and each time with 165 min were the optimum extraction condition. Conclusion The method is easy and reasonable to handle,has stable and reliable results,and good repeatability and feasibility.It can be applied in industrial production.