OBJECTIVE: To provide reference for the reduction of dispensing error rate and the hidden dispensing danger in outpatient pharmacy.METHODS: The drugs with similar outer package in the outpatient pharmacy of a hospital in 2007 were investigated and knew the hidden drug dispensing danger caused by similar outer package by the staff mambers in the outpatient pharmacy.RESULTS: A total of 7 pairs of drugs were found to be of similar outer package in pattern,color or the size of package etc,which resulted in hidden dispensing errors in 39 cases.CONCLUSIONS: Great importance should be attached to the drugs with similar outer packages and countermeasures should be taken to avoid the hidden dispensing errors induced by it.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of TCM enema combined with continuous renal replacement therapy on the treatment of severe acute renal injury. Methods A total of 100 patients of severe AKI patients were divided into 2 groups by random digital table, each of which was 50 cases. The control group was treated with CRRT, and the observation group cooperated with the traditional Chinese medicine enema on the basis of the control group. The 2 groups were treated continuously for 14 d. The renal function and urine volume recovery time were observed; 24 h urinary protein and 24 h urinary albumin excretion rate were determined by automatic biochemical analyzer.The blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr), serum cystatin C (Cys C) were detected. And theclinical efficacy was compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 70.0％ (35/50) and the control group was 50.0％ (25/50). The difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant. After treatment, the levels of serum BUN (6.51 ± 1.07 mol/L vs. 8.22 ± 2.31 mol/L, t=4.750), SCr (91.29 ± 21.05 μmol/L vs. 108.67 ± 19.34 μmol/L, t=4.299) and Cys C (0.85 ± 0.33 mg/L vs. 1.03 ± 0.45 mg/L, t=2.281) in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.01 or P<0.05). The urinary albumin excretion rate of 24 h urine protein (115.37 ± 26.15 mg/24 h vs. 167.55 ± 38.66 mg/24 h, t=7.905) and 24 h urine (198.41 ± 33.24 μg/min vs. 226.19 ± 38.35 μg/min, t=3.871) was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.01). Conclusions TCM enema combined with CRRT can promote the recovery of renal function in patients with severe AKI, can effectively delay the progression of renal injury.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of thoracoscopic segmentectomy of the dominant lung segment versus thoracoscopic segmentectomy of the complex lung segment for the treatment of stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods:This is a case-control study. The clinical data of 110 patients with stage I NSCLC who received treatment in Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital from August 2019 to August 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were assigned to a control group (thoracoscopic segmentectomy of dominant lung segment, n = 58) and an observation group (thoracoscopic segmentectomy of complex lung segment n = 52) according to the surgical method. Tumor location and resection scope in each group were recorded. Perioperative indexes, lung function indexes, complications, and short-term recurrence rates were compared between the two groups. Results:The operative time in the observation group was (175.45 ± 30.72) minutes, which was significantly longer than (152.41 ± 29.83) minutes in the control group ( t = 3.99, P < 0.05). The number of nail bins in the observation group was (4.55 ± 1.23), which was significantly greater than (3.77 ± 1.16) in the control group ( t = 3.42, P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in intraoperative bleeding volume, the number of dissected lymph nodes, postoperative drainage volume, postoperative extubation time, and postoperative hospital stay between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV 1), and FEV l/FVC ratio in the observation group were (3.89 ± 0.47) L, (2.92 ± 0.36) L, and (75.06 ± 2.47)%, which were significantly higher than (3.64 ± 0.49) L, (2.68 ± 0.35) L, and (73.63 ± 2.38)% in the control group (all P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in the incidence of complications between the observation and control groups [32.69% (17/52) vs. 20.69% (12/58), P > 0.05]. There was no significant difference in recurrence of stage I NSCLC between the observation and control groups [3.85% (2/52) vs. 1.72% (1/58), P = 0.495]. Conclusion:The overall effect and safety of thoracoscopic segmentectomy of complex lung segment in the treatment of stage I NSCLC are comparable to those of thoracoscopic segmentectomy of the dominant lung segment. However, thoracoscopic segmentectomy of complex lung segments can reduce the impact on lung function and protect lung function to the maximum extent.

Programmed death receptor 1 (PD?1) and its ligand PD?L1 have been shown to play an important role in evading the immune system. In recent years, PD?1／PD?L1 blockade has shown significant clinical effects in many malignancies, including malignant melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, classic Hodgkin lymphoma, non?small cell lung cancer and so on. PD?1／PD?L1 signaling pathway has become a new target of immunotherapy in patients with malignant tumors. However, there are few researches on immunotherapy in malignant bone tumors, and the progress of clinical research on PD?1／PD?L1 remains to be elucidated. This review started from the mechanism of PD?1／PD?L1 signaling in tumor immunity, and analyzed the application prospect of PD?1／PD?L1 antibodies in malignant bone tumors. We hope to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of malignant bone tumors based on PD?1／PD?L1 signaling pathway in China.

Programmed death receptor 1 (PD?1) and its ligand PD?L1 have been shown to play an important role in evading the immune system. In recent years, PD?1／PD?L1 blockade has shown significant clinical effects in many malignancies, including malignant melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, classic Hodgkin lymphoma, non?small cell lung cancer and so on. PD?1／PD?L1 signaling pathway has become a new target of immunotherapy in patients with malignant tumors. However, there are few researches on immunotherapy in malignant bone tumors, and the progress of clinical research on PD?1／PD?L1 remains to be elucidated. This review started from the mechanism of PD?1／PD?L1 signaling in tumor immunity, and analyzed the application prospect of PD?1／PD?L1 antibodies in malignant bone tumors. We hope to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of malignant bone tumors based on PD?1／PD?L1 signaling pathway in China.

Objective: To further understand the interaction protein spectrum of heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein AB (hnRNP AB), and to investigate their clinical significance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: We carried out mass spectrometry to reveal the specific peptides of KRAB-associated protein 1 (Kap1) and hnRNPAB, and verified their interaction by immunocoprecipitation and western blotting. Expression of hnRNPAB/Kap1 proteins were detected by immunohistochemical staining in the tissue microarrays. Categorical data were analyzed by the chi square test or Fisher exact test; enumeration data between groups were compared using Student t-test or Wilcocon signed rank test; the cumulative recurrence and survival rates were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method and the differences were assessed using the log-rank test. Results: We identified Kap1 as a molecular partner for hnRNPAB in HCCLM3 cells and HepG2 cells as well. We found that the 5-year survival rate of the Kap1high patients was significantly lower than the survival rate of those of the Kap1low group (36% vs 59% , HR = 1.67, P < 0.001). Similarly, Kap1high HCC patients had the poorest prognosis at 5-years, with higher cumulative recurrence rate than Kap1low patients (72% vs 54%, HR = 1.66, P = 0.001). Univariate and Multivariate analyses revealed that hnRNPAB /Kap1 alone (HR = 1.35 /1.28, P = 0.001) or in combination with Kap1 (HR =1.24 /1.27, P < 0.05) were independent prognostic indicators for overall survival and time to recurrence. Conclusion In HCC cells, hnRNPAB and Kap1 form protein complexes. The expression levels of hnRNPAB alone or in combination with Kap1 in HCC patients are important because they provide not only a predictor for HCC prognosis but also a therapeutic target for future studies.

Objective To prepare a novel somatostatin receptor (SSTR) antagonist 68Ga-1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (NOTA)-JR11 (Cpa-c(D-Cys-Aph(Hor)-D-Aph(Cbm)-Lys-Thr-Cys)-D-Tyr-NH2 ) tracer and observe its biodistribution and microPET imaging in mice. Methods One ml HCl (0.05 mol/L) containing 68GaCl3(148 MBq) was added into 65μl NaAc (1 mol/L) and 4μg NOTA-JR11. The mixture reacted at 95 ℃ for 15 min, and then was purified with Sep-Pak? C18 Light column to obtain 68 Ga-NOTA-JR11. 68 Ga-NOTA-JR11 was subjected to quality control analysis including radiochemical purity and in vitro stability by radio-high performance liquid chromatography. Biodistribution of 68Ga-NOTA-JR11 (0.37 MBq) in BALB/c mice (n=9) at 5, 30, 60 min postinjection were observed (n=3 for each time point), and the percentage activity of injection dose per gram of tissue (％ID/g) was calculated. 68Ga-NOTA-JR11 (14.8 MBq) microPET imaging of BALB/c mice (n=1) at 60 min postinjection was observed. Results 68 Ga-NOTA-JR11 was obtained successfully within 15 min, with yielding rate of 90％, radiochemical purity of more than 99％, and specific activity of 6. 10 GBq/μmol. The tracer showed excellent stability ( radio-chemical purity:95％) in different buffers within 150 min. The biodistribution was basically consistent with microPET imaging results. 68 Ga-NOTA-JR11 was metabolized through the kidneys and had low uptake in the liver ((0.75±0.26) ％ID/g) at 60 min postinjection. Conclusions 68 Ga-NOTA-JR11 can be prepared rapidly, with high yielding rate and radiochemical purity. Biodistribution and imaging results provide basic information for the further study of somatostatin receptor imaging in neuroendocrine tumors.

Fusion genes are new sequences formed by the recombination of two or more gene fragments in the genome that play an important biological role and have clinical significance in the proces of tumorigenesis and development.The detection of fusion genes can provide important guidance for early diagnosis,risk stratification and targeted therapy of tumors.Traditional fusion gene detection methods dominate clinical applications,but have limitations such as low sensitivity,high cost or technical complexity,making them difficult to apply on a large scale.Fortunately the rapid advancements of new biotechnology,a series of new fusion gene detection methods are gradually emerging,providing new alternatives for fusion gene detection.This article reviews traditional fusion gene detection methods and the sequencing technologies developed in recent years,aiming to provide ideas for the detection of fusion genes and guidance for the diagnosis and precise treatment of related diseases.

Objective:To produce the solid target nuclide 89Zr , and prepare the probe 89Zr-desferrioxamine (DFO)-Trastuzumab. Methods:The 89Y(p, n) 89Zr nuclear reaction was used for 89Zr production. 89Y target was irradiated by 20 μA proton in a medical cyclotron ( E=12.5 MeV) for about 1-2 h. 89Zr was purified from hydroxamate resin using 1 mol/L oxalic acid solution. The characteristic peak, radionuclide purity and radiochemical purity of 89Zr were determined by γ-ray spectroscopy. 89Zr-DFO-Trastuzumab probe was synthesized by the reaction of 89Zr-oxalate and DFO-Trastuzumab at room temperature, and the radiochemical purity was measured. Results:89Zr was prepared successfully for 11 times, and the production of 89Zr was 555-1 506 MBq, with production rate of (34.8±5.2) MBq·μA -1·h -1. After the purification (purification rate: 42%-87%), 227.2-991.6 MBq 89Zr was obtained, with the concentration of 1.0×10 6 MBq/L. The γ spectrum showed that the characteristic peak of 89Zr were 511 and 909 keV, and no impurities were found. The radionuclide purity and radiochemical purity were both close to 100%. 89Zr-DFO-Trastuzumab was successfully labeled with radiochemical purity more than 95%, and it was above 90% within 72 h in human serum albumin (HSA) solution. Conclusion:Through the self-designed target assembling, the solid target PET nuclide 89Zr with high quality and labeling are successfully achieved, which provides guarantee for the clinical application of the 89Zr drug.

Objective To investigate the prenatal diagnosis and perinatal outcomes between anterior pla-centa accreta and non-anterior placenta.Methods A retrospective analysis was done for 560 pregnant women who were diagnosed with placenta accreta and delivered in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical Uni-versity.According to the location of the placenta,the group was dividing into anterior placenta accreta group(319 cases)and non-anterior placenta accreta group(241 cases).The general characteristics,maternal and infant out-comes of the two groups were analyzed.The non-anterior placenta accrete group(241 cases)then were dividing into two groups according to the time of clear diagnosis.Those who were firstly diagnosed with placenta accrete dur-ing or after the operation was the intrapartum diagnosis group(missed diagnosis)(70 cases),and those who were diagnosed with clear placenta accreta before the delivery was prenatal diagnosis group(171 cases).The general characteristics,maternal and infant outcomes of the two groups were also analyzed.Results There were statisti-cally significant differences in the parity,history of cesarean section,delivery mode,degree of placenta accreta,missed diagnosis rate,neonatal birth weight,and hysterectomy rate between the non-anterior placenta accrete group and the anterior placenta accreta group.In the case of prenatal diagnosis of different degrees of placenta accreta,the prenatal diagnosis rate of placental adhesion in the non-anterior placenta accreta group was lower than that of the anterior placenta accreta group,which was statistically significant.In the non-anterior placenta accrete group,there were statistically significant differences in the age,cesarean section history,placenta previa status,mode of delivery,degree of implantation,24-hour bleeding volume,blood transfusions,NICU transfer rate,uterine loss rate between the intrapartum diagnosis group(missed diagnosis)and the prenatal diagnosis group.Conclusions The high-risk factors of patients with non-anterior placenta accreta are different from those of patients with anterior placenta accreta.Multiple births and a history of cesarean section are high-risk factors for anterior placenta accreta patients.Non-anterior placenta accreta are more likely to be missed diagnosed,especially the placental adhesion.For pregnant women with non-anterior placenta accreta missed diagnosis,there is a high rate of adverse birth out-comes,especially in the rate of neonatal transfer to the NICU.