Objective To study the expression and activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3) in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tissues and its relation with the expression of latent membrane protein 1(LMP1) encoded by Epstein-Barr virus.Methods The expressions of LMP1,STAT3 and phosphated STAT3(p-STAT3) in 45 cases of NPC and 27 cases of chronic nasopharyngitis were studied by immunohistochemical method.Correlation between protein expressions was analyzed.Results The positive rates of LMP1,STAT3 and p-STAT3 in NPC were significantly higher than those in chronic nasopharyngitis(P0.05).Conclusion There are overexpression and abnormal activation of STAT3 protein in NPC tissues.LMP1 may play a role in the activation of STAT3.

The incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has been increasing in the past decades.The overall survival (OS) of most PTC patients is satisfied,however,recurrence is not rare.Surgical management is the basic treatment for PTC.The first step of surgery includes gland resection and lymph node dissection of central compartment.Several controversies remain in the indications and range of surgery.In this article,the progress of gland management,lymph node dissection in central compartment and complications in PTC/papillary thyroid microcarcinoma were reviewed.

Objective To observe the effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on cholesterol gallstones formation in C57BL/6 mice with diet-induced cholesterol gallstone,and then explore the potential mechanism.Methods Fifty C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (10 mice in each group),referring to control group,experimental group,experimental plus DHA group,experimental plus EPA group,as well as experimental plus DHA and EPA group.The mice in control group were fed with regular diet,and the rest of the mice with lithogenic diet (LD).Subsequent to feeding the mice with separate diets for two weeks,EPA and/or DHA (70 mg · kg-1 · d-1) were orally administered for eight weeks,while the LD feeding was continued during this period.After a total of 10 weeks,the mice were dissected to observe the gallstone formation.The levels of serum lipids,total cholesterol (TC) and phospholipids (PL) in bile,and TC in the liver were tested,and the protein expression of HMGCR,SRBI,ABCG5/ABCG8,CYP7A1 and ABCB11genes in the liver of mice was measured.Results Compared with the experimental group,the experimental plus EPA group had significantly lower TC in liver (0.033 ±0.008 mmolo/g) and bile (1.807 ±0.381 mmolo/L),and lower relative protein expression levels of HMGCR (0.545±0.098),ABCG5 (0.418±0.089) and ABCG8 (0.501 ±0.151)in liver (P＜ 0.05).The contents of TC in liver and bile,and the protein expression of HMGCR,ABCG5andABCG8 in liver were 0.048 ± 0.006 mmol/g and 2.662 ± 0.339 mmolo/L,and 1.011 ± 0.213,1.037 ± 0.276 and 1.266 ±0.312,respectively.No significant differences were observed between experimental plus DHA group and experimental group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions EPA could prevent the cholesterol gallstone formation in mice by decreasing the expression of HMGCR and ABCG5/8 genes in liver,therefore reducing cholesterol synthesis and blocking cholesterol transport from liver to bile as well as diminishing cholesterol content in the bile.However,the inhibition effect of DHA on cholesterol gallstone formation was not obvious.

Objective To evaluate the effect of salicylic acid on skin barrier function and the efficacy of salicylic acid combined with flumetasone ointment for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD).Methods Sixtyfour patients with AD (including 31 males and 33 females) aged 18 to 58 years were recruited into the present study.Four lesional areas of similar size and severity were selected at the similar body sites of both sides of each patient,and randomly classified into four groups to be topically treated with compound flumetasone ointment (containing 0.02％ flumetasone and 3％ salicylic acid,compound flumetasone group),flumetasone 0.02％ ointment (flumetasone group),salicylic acid 3％ ointment (salicylic acid group) and vehicle (control group),respectively;two normal skin areas were chosen from apparently normal skin on the similar body sites of both sides of each patient and topically treated with salicylic acid 3％ ointment (salicylic acid group) and vehicle (control group) respectively.All of these preparations were applied twice a day for 3 weeks.Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured by a Tewameter MPA580 (Courage & Khazaka,Germany) at the baseline as well as on week 1,2 and 3 after initiation of treatment.Symptom and sign scores were evaluated before and after the treatment.Meanwhile,two normal skin areas were selected on bilateral forearm of 30 healthy controls and treated with 3％ salicylic acid ointment (salicylic acid group) and vehicle (control group) respectively twice a day for 3 weeks,and TEWL was measured before treatment as well as on week 1 and 3 after initiation of treatment.Results In the healthy controls,TEWL value showed no significant difference between the salicylic acid group and control group at any of these time points.As far as the lesional skin was concerned,no statistical difference was observed in TEWL value at the baseline between the four groups ((34.26 ± 20.82) vs.(33.02 ±16.71) vs.(34.16 ± 18.03) vs.(33.81 ± 17.11) g· m-2· h-1,P ＞ 0.05),but significant difference was noted after treatment (repeated measurement data analysis of variance,F =39.57,P ＜0.01),with the TEWL value being (22.38 ± 16.16),(17.04 ± 12.74),and (15.34 ± 13.13) g·m-2·h-1 respectively in the compound flumetasone group on week 1,2 and 3,(24.63 ± 17.08),(20.37 ± 9.53),(19.06 ± 9.17) g·m-2·h-1 respectively in the flumetasone group,(26.49 ± 8.59),(21.91 ± 8.46),(21.20 ± 9.38) g·m-2·h-1 respectively in the salicylic acid group,and (29.80 ± 12.48),(26.16 ± 8.31),(25.52 ± 6.05) g·m-2·h-1 respectively in the control group.In detail,the decrease in TEWL value was stronger in the compound flumetasone group than in the flumetasone group on week 1,2,and 3 (all P ＜0.05),in the salicylic acid group than in the control group (P ＜0.05 or 0.01),but similar between the flumetasone group and salicylic acid group.In non-lesional skin,the salicylic acid group showed a more intense decrease in TEWL value compared with the control group on week 2 and 3 (both P ＜0.05).Both the cure rate and response rate were significantly higher in the compound flumetasone group than in the flumetasone group (53.1％ vs.34.4％,x2 =4.57,P＜0.05;83.1％ vs.64.1％,x2 =6.90,P＜0.01).Conclusions The salicylic acid 3％ ointment shows a reparative effect on skin barrier in patients with AD,and the compound flumetasone ointment is superior to the flumetasone ointment in the treatment of AD.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of high concentration glucose on cholesterol absorption of human colon cancer epithelial Caco-2 cells.Methods The experimental study was used.(1) CCK-8 detected cell proliferation:the proliferation rate changes of Caco-2 cells were detected by CCK-8 when different concentrations (12.5,100.0,300.0,700.0,1 000.0,1 388.0 mmol/L) of glucose solution effects on Caco-2 cells in order to ensure the half hindering concentration of glucose concentration on Caco-2 cells.(2)Cholesterol absorption of Caco-2 cells was detected:Caco-2 cells were divided into the cholesterol group,cholesterol plus ezetimibe (cholesterol inhibitor) group and blank control group.Cholesterol group:100 μmol/L cholesterol solution and different concentrations (5.0,25.0,50.0 mmol/L) of glucose solution were added.Cholesterol plus ezetimibe group:100 μmol/L ezetimibe,100 μmol/L cholesterol solution and different concentrations (5.0,25.0,50.0 mmol/L) of glucose solution were added.Blank control group:DMEM culture medium and corresponding concentrations of DMSO were added.The cholesterol absorption amounts of Caco-2 cells were measured.(3) The relative expressions of ATP binding cassette G8 (ABCG8),ATP binding cassette G5 (ABCG5),Nickman-Pick CI Like 1 (NPC1L1) and scavenger receptor class B type Ⅰ (SR-B Ⅰ) were examined by Western blot in the different groups.Caco cells were divided into the glucose group,glucose plus ezetimibe group and control group.The different concentrations (5.0,25.0,50.0 mmol/L) of glucose solution were added into the glucose group,different concentrations (5.0,25.0,50.0 mmol/L) of glucose solution and 100 μmol/L ezetimibe were added into the glucose plus ezetimibe group,and 100 μmol/L ezetimibe were added into the control group.The relative expressions of ABCG8,ABCG5,NPC1L1 and SR-B Ⅰ were detected by Western blot.Measurement data were presented as (x) ±s,repeated measure variance analysis was used to perform variation trend test,and t test was utilized to conduct comparisons among groups.Results (1) CCK-8 results showed:proliferation rates of Caco-2 cells with the glucose solution concentration of 12.5,100.0,300.0,700.0,1 000.0 and 1 388.0 mmol/L were 1.380 ±0.043,1.238 ±0.072,0.736 ±0.035,0.336 ±0.021,0.316 ±0.020 and 0.288 ±0.010,respectively,with a statistically significant difference in the proliferation rates (F =11.019,P ＜ 0.05).The half hindering concentration of glucose solution on Caco-2 cells was 283.54 mmol/L.(2)Cholesterol absorption of Caco-2 cells:① the cholesterol absorption amounts of Caco-2 cells with the glucose solution concentration of 5.0,25.0 and 50.0 mmol/L were 0.282 ± 0.042,0.380 ± 0.063,0.390 ± 0.060 in the cholesterol group and 0.042 ± 0.012,0.197 ± 0.015,0.277 ± 0.029 in the cholesterol plus ezetimibe group,respectively,showing a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (F =55.566,P ＜ 0.05).②There was a statistically significant difference in cholesterol absorption amounts of Caco-2 cells with different glucose solution concentration in the cholesterol group (F =79.117,P ＜ 0.05).The cholesterol absorption amounts of Caco-2 cells with the glucose solution concentrations of 5.0 mmol/L was lower than that with the glucose solution concentrations of 25.0 mmol/L and 50.0 mmol/L,respectively (t =11.207,11.532,P ＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the cholesterol absorption amounts of Caco-2 cells between the glucose solution concentrations of 25.0 mmol/L and 50.0 mmol/L (t =12.389,P ＞ 0.05).③There were statistically significant differences in cholesterol absorption amounts of Caco-2 cells with the glucose concentration of 5.0 mmol/L and 25.0 mmol/L between cholesterol group and cholesterol plus ezetimibe group (t =10.908,10.644,P ＜ 0.05).(3) The results of Western blot showed:① the relative expression of NPC1L1 protein in Caco-2 cells with the glucose solution concentrations of 5.0,25.0 and 50.0 mmol/L were respectively 0.277 ±0.019,0.558 ±0.015,0.576 ±0.003 in the glucose group and 0.057 ±0.002,0.054 ±0.005,0.077 ±0.005 in the glucose plus ezetimibe group,showing a statistically significant difference (F =482.207,P ＜0.05).② The relative expression of NPC1L1 protein of Caco-2 cells with the different concentration of glucose solution in the glucose group were compared,with a statistically significant difference (F =8.112,P ＜ 0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in the relative expression of NPC1L1 protein in Caco-2 cells with the different concentration of glucose solution in the glucose plus ezetimibe group (F =11.708,P ＜ 0.05).③ The relative expression of NPC1L1 protein in Caco-2 cells with the glucose solution concentrations of 5.0,25.0 and 50.0 mmol/L in the glucose group was statistically different from that in the glucose plus ezetimibe group (t =8.112,11.708,13.920,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion High concentration glucose solution could promote the reabsorption of cholesterol through increasing NPC1L1 protein expression in Caco-2 cells,and increase the risk of suffering from cholelithiasis in diabetes patients.

Objective: To explore the application value of biochemical and immunological assembly line in emergency test by comparatively analyzing the changes in sample test process and turnaround time (TAT) in emergency test before and after installation of the assembly line. Methods: A retrospective study was performed with the run data of the emergency biochemical and immunodetection project in Department of Clinical Laboratory in Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University from July to September in 2017 and from July to September in 2018. (1)The changes in sample circulation mode and test process were compared in emergency test before and after installation of the assembly line.(2)The changes in TAT of sample test and distribution of time interval in emergency laboratory report were statistically analyzed before and after installation.(3)The number of samples tested between instruments and occurrence of instrument failure were statistically compared before and after installation. (4)Biosafety risk assessment was performed on the sample test process before and after installation to analyze the effects of the assembly line installation on biosafety control in emergency test. Results: (1) By applying the assembly line, the sample test process was well controlled and the workload for laboratorians was eased greatly through reduction of manual work.(2) Report TAT was remarkably shortened after installation compared to that before installation; the TAT of dry biochemistry and myocardial zymogram report in emergency test was shorted from 39 min and 48 min to 34 min and 42 min respectively, with a reduction of 12.82% an 12.50% compared to those before installation; the TAT of dry biochemistry and myocardial zymogram report in inpatient emergency was shorted from 37 min and 43 min to 29 min and 35 min respectively, with a reduction of 21.61% an 18.60% compared to those before installation; distribution of report TAT was comparatively analyzed, the percentage of reports in 0-30 min and 31-45 min increased remarkably compared to that before installation, the percentage of TAT of dry biochemistry report falling into 0-45 min increased to 74.58% and 85.66% after installation from 57.91% and 78.28% before installation, respectively in emergency and inpatient emergency. (3)For the model VITROS5600, the percentage of samples tested changed from 30.29% and 69.71% before installation to 47.63% and 52.37% after installation, respectively; for the model DXI800, the percentage of samples tested changed from 28.77% and 71.23% before installation to 53.49% and 46.51% after installation, respectively. After installation, there was a tendency of balance in the number of samples tested between instruments. Instrument failure was significantly reduced: for the model VITROS5600, the frequency of instrument failure decreased from 3.5 times a month/instrument before installation to 2 times a month/instrument after installation on average; for the model DXI800, the frequency of instrument failure decreased from 2.8 times a month/instrument before installation to 1.8 times a month/instrument after installation on average.(4) Installation of the assembly line lowered the risks biosafety events in sample test process in emergency test and the two risks of accidental contact with aerosol in sample tubes before detection and accidental contact with biological specimen due to overturning and spilling during detection were reduced from a high level before installation to a low level after installation. Conclusion In emergency test, biochemical and immunological assembly line is of certain value in process improvement, reduction of workload for laboratorians, improvement of work efficiency, TAT reduction and optimization, as well as control of biosafety conditions.

Objective:To analyze the clinical and imaging characteristics of acute necrotic encephalopathy (ANE) in a child with human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) infection.Methods:Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data and imaging features of a case of HHV-6 related ANE from Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University in March 2019.Results:The one year and seven month-old child had acute encephalopathy, recurrent convulsions, consciousness disorders, elevated serum transaminase. The number of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cells was normal and the protein increased. High throughput gene testing of CSF showed HHV-6. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple symmetry damage in the bilateral thalamus, brainstem, and cerebellum. The symptoms improved after the treatment of glucocorticoids, intravenous immunoglobulin, and plasmapheresis.Conclusions:ANE is a rare severe encephalopathy, the characteristic imaging change of which is symmetry multifocal cerebral damage, especially in the bilateral thalamus. ANE should be considered for patients with frequent convulsions and disturbance of consciousness after virus infection.

As a multifunctional signal molecule, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) has been proved to have a variety of biological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant stress, and neuroprotection. This article reviews the latest research progress on the protective effect of FGF21 in ischemic stroke and its relationship with cognitive impairment.

In order to study the effect of excessive iodine on immune function of lymphocytes and the role of selenium supplementation with excessive iodine intake, the changes of T lymphocyte number, ratio of subsets, activity of natural killer (NK) cells and lymphocytes proliferation response were investigated. 150 female BALB/C mice were randomly divided into 5 groups in terms of their body weight (n=30 in each group), and 10 of each group were taken as one batch for test. Mice in the 5 groups were orally administrated with iodine 0 (group Ⅰ ), 1500 (group Ⅱ), 3000 (group Ⅲ),6000 μg/L (group Ⅳ), iodine 6000 μg/L plus selenium 0.3 mg/L (group Ⅴ) respectively for 30 days.Lymphocyte proliferation response, CD4+/CD8+, Th1/Th2 and the activity of NK cells were measured. CD4+/CD8+ was significantly lower, while lymphocyte proliferation response stronger, and Th1/Th2 and the activity of NK cells significantly higher in group Ⅳ than in group Ⅰ (P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in all indexes between group Ⅴ and group Ⅰ (P＞0.05). It was suggested that excessive iodine as exogenous chemical materials can induce disorders of T lymphocyte immune function in mice. 0.3 mg/L selenium supplementation can protect mice against toxicity induced by 6000 μg/L iodine.

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic value of the 18F-prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-1007 PET/CT in seminal vesicle invasion (SVI) of prostate cancer. Methods:Clinical and pathological materials of 88 patients (age: 51-84 years) who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) between May 2019 and December 2021 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University were analyzed retrospectively. All patients underwent 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT examination for primary staging before surgery. The diagnostic efficiency of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in SVI was obtained using postoperative pathological results as the " gold standard" and ROC curve was drawn. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to screen the influencing factors for 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT prediction of SVI. Results:The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in diagnosing SVI were 79.55%(70/88), 72.73%(16/22), 81.82%(54/66), 57.14%(16/28) and 90.00%(54/60), respectively. The ROC AUC was 0.77. Results of univariate logistic regression showed that total prostate specific antigen (tPSA), primary SUV max, Gleason score, International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade group were associated with 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT prediction of SVI. Results of multivariate logistic regression showed that Gleason score (odds ratio ( OR)=2.04, 95% CI: 1.19-3.50, P=0.009) was a predictor of SVI in prostate cancer. Conclusion:18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT has certain diagnostic value in SVI of prostate cancer, and combining with Gleason score can improve the diagnostic efficiency.