After a description of the association of learning sciences with library and information science and the necessity to introduce learning sciences into library and information science , the role and profound influence of learning sciences in the development of modern library were summarized .

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of dezocine, fentanyl and sufentanil at the equivalent dose on hemodynam-ics, sedation and analgesia in fibrobronchoscope-guided. Methods:A total of ninety patients with anticipated difficult airways expected to be nasally intubated using fibrobronchoscope were enrolled and randomly divided into three groups:dezocine group ( group D) , fent-anyl group ( group F) and fentanyl group ( group S) . Ten minutes before the intubation, each group was intravenously given dezocine 0. 15mg ·kg-1 , fentanyl 3μg ·kg-1 and sufentanil 0. 2μg·kg-1 , respectively. The values of HR, MAP and SPO2 were recorded respectively at the time when the patients entered the operation room ( T0 ) , before the bronchoscopy-guided tracheal intubation ( T1 ) , after the intubation ( T2 ) and 5 minutes after the intubation ( T3 ) . The Ramsay sedation score before the intubation and adverse reac-tions during the intubation were also observed. Results: In group F and group S, HR and MAP decreased significantly at T1 ( P<0. 05). The levels of SPO2 decreased significantly at T1 and MAP increased significantly at T2 in the three groups (P<0. 05). The levels of HR, MAP and SpO2 in group F and group S were lower than those in group D (P<0. 05). The levels of HR and MAP in group F at T2 were higher than those in group D and group S, and SPO2 was dropped significantly in group F and group S (P<0. 05). The levels of HR in group S dropped significantly, and were lower than those in the other two groups. MAP in group F was higher than those in the other two groups (P<0. 05). From the Ramsay sedation analysis, the scores of the three groups increased significantly and the score in group S was higher than that in group F (P <0. 05). The incidence of nausea and respiratory depression in group F was significantly higher than that in group D (P<0. 05). The incidence of agitation in group F was significantly higher than that of group S (P<0. 05). The incidence of respiratory depression in group S was significantly higher than that of group D and group F (P<0. 05). Conclusion:Dezocine combined with surface anesthesia has a slight effect on hemodynamics during the tracheal intubation guided by bronchoscopy in the patients with difficult airways. The incidence of reverse reactions of dezocine is lower than that of fenta-nyl and sufentanil.

s:Objective To study the effective ingredients of Shuangshenningxin Fang (SSNX). Methods Based on analyzing the HPLC fingerprints of rat samples obtained after orally taking SSNX, the ingredients absorbed into blood were identified. The cultured cells were subject to hypoxia and reoxygenation. The leakage of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) from cardiomyocytes was measured. Results Fifteen ingredients were detected after oral administration of SSNX. Dl-tetarhydropalmatine (Dl-THP), salvianolic acid B (Sal B), ginsenosides (Rg1) and dehydeocorydaline (DHC) were identified. Rg1 and DHC reduced the LDH leakage (P

Objective To analyze the therapeutic effect of the radical operation for gastric cancer in elderly patients and to investigate relevant factors affecting the efficacy Methods 216 cases of elderly patients with gastric cancer were divided into two groups:radical distal-and proximal-gastrectomy group (n=108,each).The therapeutic effect in the near future,intraoperative and postoperative recovery,numbers of lymph nodes resection as well as factors affecting the long-term survival rate were compared between two groups.Results The radical distal-versus proximal-gastrectomy group showed that the mean operation time was (241.8 ± 40.2) min vs.(244.7 ± 39.7)min,blood loss was(299.5 ± 114.9) ml vs.(273.8-± 121.4) ml,the number of lymph node dissection was(28.4± 9.4) vs.(27.7 ± 9.1) particles,the complication rate was[14/108 (13.0％)] vs.[15/108 (14.0 ％)],3-year survival rate was (46.9 ％) vs.(47.5 ％),without statistically significant differences (all P ＞ 0.05).Multiple regression analysis showed that TNM stage (OR =1.536),lymph node metastasis(OR =0.739),cancer infiltration depth (OR =1.534) and chemotherapy regimens (OR =1.337)are risk factors for the postoperative 3-year survival rate.Conclusions Surgical treatment of elderly patients with gastric cancer is significantly effective,TNM stage,lymph node metastasis,depth of invasion,tumor size and the chemotherapy regimens are closely associated with the life quality of patients.

Objective To investigate the effect of Shenqi Fuzheng injection on serum CRP,IL-6 and IL-10 levels in elderly patients with coronary heart disease.Methods 64 elderly patients with coronary heart disease from Wenling First People's Hospital hospital were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the experiment group.32 cases in each group, the control group were treated by conventional symptomatic treatment, the experiment group were treated with Shenqi Fuzheng injection on the base of control group.The serum ( C-reactionprotein,CRP) ,white blood cell mediated IL-6 and leukocyte mediated element IL-10, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure(DBP),glycerin,total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG), low density lipoprotein(LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein(HDL-C) levels were recorded,and the clinical efficacy and adverse reaction conditions were compared.Results The effective rate of treatment in the control group was 68.75% lower than that in the experiment group 90.63%(P<0.05). Compared with the control group after treatment,the serum CRP, IL-6, IL-10, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, TC,TG and LDL-C levels were lower,theHDL-C level was higher,has statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion Shenqi Fuzheng injection in the treatment of elderly patients with coronary heart disease has a significant effect,can reduce serum CRP, IL-6 and IL-10 levels.

Objective To screen an optimum method for in vitro culture of Helicobacter pylori-spe-cific CD4+T cells and apply it to immunodominant Th epitopes screening .Methods PBMCs were isolated from subjects positive for Helicobacter pylori infection and were stimulated with HpaA recombinant protein . Various induction conditions including serum containing mediums , concentrations of antigen and time were screened to obtain an optimum method for in vitro culture of Helicobacter pylori-specific CD4+T cells.The cells were harvested and stimulated using HpaA synthesized overlapping peptide pool .The percentage of an-tigen-specific CD4+T cells was evaluated by intercellular cytokine staining of interferon-γand the results were compared under different conditions .The possible immunodominant Th epitopes were screened by using synthetic overlapping peptides .Results Antigen-specific CD4+T cells were well cultured in RPMI 1640 culture medium containing human AB serum in comparison with those cultured in fetal bovine serum based medium.The highest percentage of antigen-specific CD4+T cells was achieved when stimulated with HpaA recombinant protein at the concentration of 0.2 μmol/L.CD4+T cells in response to the stimulation of 0.2μmol/L of HpaA recombinant protein was observed on the ninth day after culture and its peak was reached on the fifteenth day .A possible immunodominant Th epitope ( HpaA220-237 ) was screened in subjects with He-licobacter pylori-infection by using synthetic overlapping peptides .Conclusion Helicobacter pylori-specific CD4+T cells were successfully cultured in vitro by using RPMI 1640 culture medium containing human AB serum and stimulated with 0.2 μmol/L of HpaA recombinant protein for fifteen consecutive days .This cul-ture method could be applied to immunodominant Th epitopes screening and provide evidences for further in -vestigation on the development of Helicobacter pylori epitope-based vaccine .

Objective To explore the effects of rhubarb navel therapy on fecal continence in rectal cancer patients with colostomy.Methods 60 patients with colostomy were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group with 30 patients in each group.Patients in the control group received routine therapy and health education whereas the experimental group received 30-day extra rhubarb navel therapy started on the 15th day after the operation.The two groups were compared in postoperative 3 months with the following factors:the functions of colostomy and the formation of bowel regularity.Results The scores of the scale about the functions of permanent abdominal colostomy were improved in both groups.However,the score in the experimental group was much higher than that in the control group.The number of patients forming bowel regularity in the experimental group was more than that in the control group (19 and 4 cases respectively).Conclusions Rhubarb navel therapy is beneficial to rectal cancer patients with colostomy to improve the functions of colostomy and form the bowel regularity.

Objective To evaluate the effects of parecoxib sodium for preemptive analgesia in patients undergoing cerebral angiography. Methods Sixty patients undergoing cerebral angiography were divided into two groups by random digits table with 30 cases in each : group P and group F. Patients in group P received parecoxib sodium 40 mg 30 min before operation, while group F received fentanyl 1 μ g/kg 2 min before operation. The changes of hemodynamics were observed before operation (To), immediately right internal carotid artery angiography during operation (T1), immediately right vertebral artery angiography (T2),immediately left internal carotid artery angiography(T3), immediately left vertebral artery angiography(T4), 10min after operation (T5). The mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2)and visual analogue score (VAS) were recorded at different times during the whole operation. Results There were no significantly differences on MAP, HR and VAS between group P and group F (P ＞ 0.05 ). But the SpO2 at T1 ,T2,T3 in group F (0.94±0.03,0.95±0.02,0.95±0.02) were significantly lower than those in group P (0.98 ± 0.01,0.98 ± 0.02,0.98 ± 0.02 )(P＜0.05 ), and 2 cases SpO2 ＜ 0.90 at Ti. Conclusion Parecoxib sodium administered preemptively provides a nice analgesic effect in patients undergoing cerebral angiography, and is more safe than fentanyl.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Perclose device after cerebral angiography or intervention procedures. Methods Two hundred and eighty-nine patients who underwent cerebral angiography or intervention procedure were divided into two groups: 143 patients accepted Perclose device for hemostasis (device group), 146 patients accepted manual method for hemostasis (handwork group). Time to achieve hemostasis and ambulation,complications associated with the procedure,the rates of successful hemostasis and patients' discomfort were compared. Results The rates of successful hemostasis were 96.5%( 138/143) in the device group and 97.9%( 143/146) in the handwork group (P> 0.05). Time to achieve hemostasis and ambulation in the device group were (3.13 ± 2.17) min and (1.99 ± 1.11) h ,they were shorter than those in the handwork group [(15.91 ± 3.27) min and (17.93 ± 7.82) h](P< 0.01). The occurrence rate of complication at the femoral access site and patients' discomfort rates from staying in bed in the device group were lower than those in the handwork group (P < 0.01). There were 7 cases of large hematoma and 1 case of pseudoaneurysm in the handwork group. Conclusions The use of Perclose device is a safe and effective method for hemostasis of the femoral access site after cerebral angiography and intervention. It could shorten the time of staying in bed and decrease vascular complications significantly.

Objective To explore a new method of comparing the references images first to enhance the precision of the central point of the radiation treatment planning(RTP), try to establish a reference standard for this method in the nasopharyngeal cancer(NPC)and carcinoma of utercin cervix in the work of position verification. Methods For 50 RTPs of NPC and 20 RTPs of carcinoma of utercin cervix, the reference-CT-images in set-up and in position verification were compared, and to measure the difference between the two images. Then, in the same way, compare and measure the difference in the central-pointimages. Results For NPC, there was over 90% RTPs in which every difference measured was less than 2 mm;for carcinoma of utercin cervix, over 80% RTPs meet the criterion:the value of △MU1 ' or △MU2' was less than 5 mm and the others are less than 3 mm. Conclusions By comparing the references-CT-images in set-up and in position verification, the precision of the central point of the RTP is enhanced. The marks on the skin become more credible. So, it is feasible to perform the criterions in the work of position verification:for NPC every difference measured is less than 2 mm;for carcinoma of utercin cervix the value of △MU1 ' or △MU2 ' is less than 5 mm and the others are less than 3 mm.