Aim To further investigate the protective effect and mechanisms of total paeony glycoside (TPG) on apoptosis in experimental myocardial ischemic rats.Methods The myocardial ischemic model of rats was established by subcutaneous injection of isoprenaline (ISO), and early apoptosis rate of myocardial cells and the expression of apoptosis related genes Bax, Bcl-2 and proteins in myocardial tissues were analyzed and contrasted among five groups, including normal control, ISO injury, TPG prevention and treatment, TPG treatment and positive control.Results Compared with ISO injury group, all of indexes had improved in various degrees in TPG prevention and treatment group and TPG treatment group, such as the decrease of early apoptosis rate,expression of Bax gene and protein, the increase of Bcl-2 gene and protein and the ratio of Bcl-2 protein/Bax protein.Conclusion TPG has protective effect on apoptosis in ischemic myocardium induced by ISO.The pharmacological mechanism may relate to the activation of the Bcl-2 gene and protein expression, the inhibition of Bax gene and protein expression, as well as the increase of Bcl-2/Bax ratio.

OBJECTIVE To investigate and analyze the risk factors,clinical characteristics and prevention countermeasures of hospital fungal incfection in old patients with malignant tumors.METHODS To adopt investigation way to review and analyze the clinical data of hospital fungal infection in 165 cases from the old patients with malignant tumors.RESULTS Among 165 cases the infection occurred predominantly in lower respiratory tract(47.2%),and with urological tract being second(19.0%).Of 165 strains of fungi from 165 patients,the first was Candida albicans(55.8%),and the second was C.tropicalis(23.0%).CONCLUSIONS The causes of hospital fungal infection in old patients with malignant tumors are highly associated with the risk factors such as primary tumor,age,radiotherapy,chemotherapy,antibiotics,hormone,invasive operation,and so on.

Objective To study the morphological changes of external eyes before and after epicanthoplasty combined with blepharoplasty and to explore a simple and efficient method to correct epicanthus. Methods A total of 120 eyes in 60 patients were operated on with the inverted L-sharp epicanthoplasty combined with double-eyelid blepharoplasty and the follow-up began 2 months after the surgery. The height and physiognomic length of the eyelid and the length and angle of the eyelash were measured and compared with preoperative meansurements, as well as the distance of the inner canthus. The ratios between the inner-canthus distance and the physiognomic eyelid breadth and the diameter of eyebrow and eye were also described. Results The contours of the eyelid fissure and the double-eyelid were natural and the surgical scare was seen unconspicuous 3 months after the operation. Changes in the palpebral fissure , the angel and length of the exposed eyelash were all significantly different by paired-sample t test (P < 0.01). The vertical and horizontal lines through the entocanthion and the vertical line through the gnomic ectocanthion combined with the horizontal line through the brow ridge formed a square structure. Conclusions This inverted L-shape epicanthoplasty combined with blepharoplasty may be effective in reconstructing the contours of the entocanthions as well as the shape of the double eyelids. It can also achieve better cosmetic effects in the proportional relation between the eyes and eyebrows. Therefore, it deserves clinical promotion.

Objective To explore a new surgical treatment for severe inverted nipple and to reduce the possibility of recurrence. Methods Two opposite long six-side polygon de-epithelialized areas were designed within the range of areola on both sides of the nipple. The four sides in lateral portion were dissected and two wedge-shaped dermal and glandular tissue flaps were created, completely releasing the contractive fiber causing nipple retraction while reserving breast ducts. The flaps were reversed 180 degrees through the tunnel bilateral sides of breast ducts to support the nipple. It was tracted for 3-4 weeks by series 7 needle penetrating the nipple basis. Results All the 14 patients were followed up for 3-18 months, and they were satisfied with the appearance and the aesthesia of the nipple and no recurrence was observed, breast-feed function reserved in 2 cases after childbirth. Conclusions This operation is easy to perform with satisfying aesthetic outcome and breast-feed function remaining.It is an ideal method for correcting serious inverted nipple.

Aim To investigate the antioxidative effect of total paeony glycoside(TPG) on cardiomyocytes injured.Methods The ischemia and hypoxia injuy model of cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes was induced by adding isoprenaline(ISO), and superoxide dismutase(SOD), malonalde hyde(MDA) and nitric oxide(NO) in the culture solution of normal control group; ISO injure group, CoQ 10 positive control group as well as protective group s with high,middle or low-dose TPG were respectively analyzed and compared. Results Compared with normal control group,the enzyme activity o f total SOD, CuZn-SOD and Mn-SOD decreased obviously, and the content of MDA and NO increased markedly in injury group, but in TPG and CoQ 10 groups all of detective indicators had improvement in varying degrees, and the protective effect was better than or close to positive control group in high-dose TPG grou p.Conclusion TPG has protective action on injured cardiomyocyte s induced by ISO in dose-dependent manner. The mechanism relates to the enhance ment of antioxidative effect in cells, and the reduction of membrane damage caus ed by free radical and lipid peroxide.

Objective To explore the preventive effect of the supplemental dietary boron on bone damage of rats with excess fluoride (EF) ingestion. Methods Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats aged 4-5 weeks old were divided into the control (C group, treated with distilled water and the elementary dietary), the excessive fluoride dose group (EF group, treated with distilled water with 100mg/L F-from 221.0g NaF per liter and the elementary dietary) and the boron prevention group (P group, treated with 100mg/L F-distilled water and the supplemental boron dietary). Three months after the experiment, fluorine, boron contents and AKP activities in serum, total RNA and fluorine contents in bone, vertical and transverse diameter and dry weight of tibias of rats were assayed, and bone biomechanics of femur and bone mineral density (BMD) were determined. Results Compared with those in the C group, fluorine contents in serum and bone, AKP activities in serum of rats in the EF group significantly increased; total RNA in bone and BMD of the bone of whole body and tibia decreased, vertical and transverse diameter of tibias was shortened, dry weight was decreased; peak load of femur increased but maximum deformation decreased. Compared with those in EF group, fluorine contents in serum and bone, AKP activities in serum of rats in the P group obviously decreased; total RNA in bone and BMD of whole body, lumbar vertebrae and tibias notably increased, vertical and transverse diameters and dry weight of tibia were enhanced, peak load of femur was obviously raised. Boron contents in serums of rats in three groups had no significant differences. Conclusion Bone damage obviously occurred in rats with EF intake, and the supplemental dietary boron had a preventive effect on these changes.

BACKGROUND: It is demonstrated in modern pharmacologic study that total paeony glycoside (TPG) provides extensive pharmacologic activities,such as inhibiting aggregation of platelets and erythrocytes, anticoagulation,antithrombsis, anti-arterial sclerosis, protecting heart and liver, anti-tumor,etc.OBJECTIVE: Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were cultured in vitro and by the changes of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) contents in cell culture solution, the protection of TPG on injured cardiomyocytes was analyzed.DESIGN: Controlled observation was designed.SETTING: Bioengineering Department in School of Life Science and Technology of Xi 'an Jiaotong University and Institute of Bone Diseases in Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Bioengineering Department in School of Life Science and Technology of Xi 'an Jiaotong University from February to June in 2003, in which, 44 SD neonatal rats aged 1-3 days were employed. The 48-hour-cultured cardioryocytes were prepared in 42 bottles and randomized into 6 groups, named normal control (normal group), medicated-injury group (injury group), TPG 0.625 mg/L group,TPG 3.125 mg/L group, TPG 15.625 mg/L group and positive control, 7 bottles in each group.METHODS: Cardiomyocytic primary culture was performed under aseptic condition. No any drug was used in normal group, isoprenaline was added in injury group to terminate the concentration at 100 mg/L, in TPG 0.625, 3.125 and 15.625 mg/L groups, 30 minutes after isoprenaline added, RGP at dosages of 0.625, 3.125 and 15.625 mg/L were added respectively; in positive control, 30 minutes after isoprenaline added, coenzyme Q10 was used to terminate the concentration as 100 mg/L.Afterwards, the assay of every index was performed. Xanthine oxidase (XOD) method was used to assay SOD activity, thiobarbituric acid (TBA)method was to assay MDA content and nitrate reductase (NR) method was to assay NO content.cell culture solution in each group.Compared with normal group, the levels of total SOD, CuZn-SOD and MnSOD were reduced remarkably in injury group (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).The above-indexes in every TPG group and positive control were improved to different extents (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01), in which, the protection of TPG 15.625 mg/L group was near to or superior to positive control [(79.50±10.67), (80.30±13.50); (48.24±13.26), (49.73±10.23); (31.26±10.22),in cell culture solution in each group: Those in injury group were higher remarkably than normal group (P ＜ 0.01). MDA and NO contents were all reduced in every TPG group and positive control and dose dependence presented in TPG protection, the higher the dose was, the stronger the action of TPG on protection was, in which, in high-dose group, MDA content was near to normal group [(5.41±1.81), (4.48±0.94) μmol/L, P ＞ 0.05] and NO content was similar to positive control [(81.83± 9.08), (82.41±12.37) mol/L,P ＞ 0.05].CONCLUSION: TPG protects myocardial injury induced by isoprenaline,indicating dose-dependence relationship, which is probably associated with enhanced anti-oxidation of cell, reduced injury of cellular membrane induced by free radical and lipid oxidant.

Objective To investigate and analyze the preventive effect of boron on the cartilage damage in rats with intake excessive fluoride. Methods Fifty-ix Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the control group (C, intake distilled water), the excessive fluoride dose group (EF, intake distilled water with 100 ppm F-) and the boron prevention group (P, intake distilled water with 100 ppm F- as well as the supplemental boron dietary). 3 to 5 months later, fluorine contents in serum, RNA contents in costal cartilage were assayed. The morphological changes in tibia growth plate cartilage (GPC) in rats were observed. Results Although exposed to the same dose of fluoride, the fluorine contents in serum in rats of P group decreased notably compared with those of EF group, the damage of tibia GPC under optical and electron microscope lessened significantly, and RNA contents in costal cartilage increased obviously in the 3rd month. Conclusion Boron added could decrease the fluorine level in the body and relieve the toxic symptom of excess fluoride, and thus boron has a preventive effect on skeletal fluorosis.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical application of the vacuum-sealing drainage (VSD) in the prevention of lymph leakage after inguinal lymphadenectomy.

METHODSFrom September 2003 to September 2013, 60 cases who underwent inguinal lymph nodes dissection received VSD (n = 30), or traditional pressure dressing and drainage( control group, n = 30) after operation. The flap blood supply, healing process and incidence rate of lymph leakage were observed.

RESULTSTwenty-eight cases in VSD group were effective. Eleven cases were cured, ten cases were effective, and nine cases were invalid in control group. The cure rate, effective rate and healing period were significantly different between the two groups (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe incidence of lymph leakage after inguinal lymphadenectomy can markedly decrease with VSD application. VSD could be an ideal preventive method for post-operative lymph leakage.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Groin ; surgery ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Surgical Flaps ; Young Adult

Objective: To study the relationship between serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), cystation-C (Cys-C), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and atherosclerosis in middle and old age patient with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: A total of 206 patients with newly diagnosed T2DM at the age of (67.3±10.4) years were enrolled. Based on color Doppler ultrasound examination, the patients were divided into 2 groups: Control group, the patient without carotid plaque or increased intima thickening, n=105 and Experiment group, patient with carotid plaque or increased intima thickening, n=101. The general information, fasting blood glucose, 2h postprandial blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG, TC and IGF-1, Cys-C, IL-6, hs-CRP were recorded and compared between 2 groups, BMI was calculated in all patients. Results: Compared with Control group, Experiment group had increased carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), elevated serum levels of Cys-C, IL-6, hs-CRP and reduced IGF-1, allP<0.05. Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that CIMT was negatively related to IGF-1 (r=-0.493,P<0.01), positively related to Cys-C, IL-6 and hs-CRP (r=0.464,r=0.219 andr=0.618, allP<0.01). Conclusion: Serum levels of Cys-C and IL-6 might be the independent risk factors for atherosclerosis occurrence in meddle and old patients with T2DM; combined detection of IGF-1, Cys-C and IL-6 could help clinical diagnosis in relevant patients.