Transsexuals are specific humans who abandon their traditionally functional reproduction.However they may wish to have a child in the new-gender identity.At present in China,assisted reproductive technology(ART) should be limited to those female-to-male transsexuals with a female partner.The assisted reproductive institutions should keep the information for transsexuals confidential in the whole treatment procedure.In some cases,we could appeal to the ART ethics committee for support.Before sex reassignment surgery(SRS),the candidate transsexuals could preserve their fertility by cryo-storing germ cells,tissues and organs for future reproductive usage.

Abstract: There are both market mechanism that does not work and government without working in the medical service field, so it is necessary to be supported by the third parties, such as patient's right committee, doctor's association, and so on, which contribute to forming high-efficient and rational medical care pricing system.

Digital technology is a hot spot in the orthopedic research in recent years.Computer-aided orthopaedic surgery is a kind of interdisciplinary and frontier technology,usually involving preoperative design and plan,virtual operation,intraoperative navigation and implementation.The application of computer-aided techniques in the treatment of proximal humeral fractures was summarized in this article.We intended to inform surgeons of the digital techniques which have been efficiently used in the clinic and improved the efficacy of PHF treatment.

Surface-enhanced laser desorption ionization spectrometry (SELDI),as a new type of proteinchip technique,could easily and quickly acquire the information of proteins in all kinds of body fluid and tissue. It could be used in selecting new tumor markers,early diagnosis and evaluating the risk of tumors. This article introduces the principium of this ProteinChip technique,its application in clinic detection,and the outline of its future.

This article introduces the concept of organizational citizenship behavior(OCB) as well as the idea of medical professionalism,and analyzes the mutual relationship between OCB and medical professionalism.On the basis of introduction and comparison,medical professionalism obtains the enlightenment from previous studies on OCB.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between amniotic fluid (AF) epidermalgrowth factor (EGF) concentration and fetal pulmonary maturation. Methods Lecithin － sphin-gomyelin ratio (L/S) and EGF were measured in amniotic fluid from women(n = 138,21～42 weeks'gestation) undergoing amniocentesis by TLC and RIA. ResultsThe AF L/S ratio and EGF concen-tration increased linearly with Gestational age(GA) ( r = 0.8t3 and 0.87, respectively, P < 0.01 ).There was a strong correlation between the AF L/S ratio and EGF( r = 0.76, P < 0. 001 ). Conclu-sionThere are a confirmed relationship between AF EGF levels and fetal pulmonary maturation.

Objective: To explore the effectiveness of ethanol precipitation in depleting the human serum albumin. Methods: Serum samples from 8 healthy controls and 8 lung adenocarcinoma patients were treated with 100% ethanol to deplete the albumin.The results of the albumin depletion were analyzed by 1-D gel electrophoresis and albumin quantitation. Results: After ethanol treatment,1-D gel images of the serum samples showed a near depletion of albumins a presence of low-abundance proteins.There was no difference in the 1-D gel images between the normal and lung adenocarcioma serum samples.The average concentrations of albumin in the ethanol-treated serum samples were(5.88 ? 0.35) g/L and(5.50 ? 0.53) g/L respectively in the control and lung adenocarcinoma groups.Conclusion: Ethanol precipitation can deplete most of the human serum albumins and thereby assist us in further analysis of human serum proteomics.

Doctors must carry out informed consent in medical treatment.However,to ensure patients' rights and interests mostly,this obligation needs exempted in some special cases.This article studies the insufficiency in the existing regulation on doctors' obligations exemption.It also lists some constructive suggestions based on the existing theory to solve this problem.

The elderly in the community who is the focus of the family doctor services , because of his special physical and mental condition , their demands for health care services showing the features of dependence , Recur-rence and urgency .Therefore, as the provided entity of community health service , the family doctor should care for the elderly in the community .In order to promote the realization of Healthy aging , we can build the system of the humane care for the elderly in the community , through the education and guidance of health、conducting psychologi-cal counseling , providing emotional support、building family sickbeds , providing regular visits、emphasizing clinical narrative, establishing mutual participation model and other measures .

The therapy of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) with all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide was first discovered in China, which made a great contribution worldwide to APL treatment. However, foreign guidelines did not include the Chinese chemotherapy regimens, and our regimens were inconsistent with foreign guidelines. Therefore, it is necessary to interpret the home and international guidelines and to explore standard treatment of APL by analyzing APL guidelines of the China, Europe and the United States. Owing to several discrepancies between domestic and foreign APL guidelines, unifying the APL's diagnosis and treatment standard is desperately needed at present according to the evidence-based medicine. It is hoped that Chinese chemotherapy regimens will be more acceptable to other countries of the world, and would benefit the diagnosis and treatment of human APL.