Although osteoporosis is often considered asilent disease,it is highly prevalent.It will definately affect the health of elderly people and bring heavy burden to the society.Studies of osteoporosis will also draw great attention in the field of geriatrics.The diagnosis,treatment,and monitoring of osteoporosis have not yet been standardized.Multidisciplinary medical staff should work together along with the cooperation of the patients.

To explore the clinicopathological characteristics of parathyroid crisis.The data of 3 cases from our hospital and 125 cases reported domestically were retrospectively analyzed.All 3 cases were male.And their disease course was 3 months to 10 years.The serum calcium ranged from 3.72 to 5.19 mmol/l.Among 177 retrieved cases,125 had complete basic data.The male/female ratio was 1∶ 1.17,average age (46 ± 14) (15-75) years and average serum calcium (4.30 ± 0.58) (3.75-7.28) mmol/L.There was no difference between genders or benign and malignant pathological types.Among 117 eases with pathological diagnosis,the most common type was adenoma (74.4％).The ratio of parathyroid carcinoma was higher in males than that in females (33.3％ vs.11.7％).Misdiagnosis rate was 25.0％ upon initial presentations.Case fatality rate stood at 9.4％ (17/180) and half of them died preoperatively.

65 years and 55~65 years respectively,whereas the frequency of IFG in each age group was close,which was more than IGT in the age group of 25~34 years only.The differences of many clinical indexs among 3 groups were significant.The change tendecny of indexs in IFG/IGT group was more obvious.Conclusion The onset characteristics of age and sex are significantly different between IFG and IGT groups,and the latter is more strongly associated with cardiovascular risk factors than the former.Undoubtedly,IFG/IGT group has the highest cardiovascular risk factors.

Objective: To verify that COX-2 promoter can drive its downstream genes specifically in COX-2-positive o-varian cancer cells; Moreover, comparing with CMV promoter, analyze the transcript efficiency of COX-2 promoter. Methods: Contacting the recombinant plasmids named COX-2-BAX and CMV-Luc. After transient transfection liposome-mediated with the plasmids COX-2-Luc and CMV-Luc, respectively, the expression of Luciferase reporter gene was measured in COX-2-positive ovarian cancer cell line-SKOV3 and COX-2-negative colon cancer cell line-SW480. SKOV-3 and SW480 were transfected with COX-2-BAX and CMV-BAX in the same way, respectively. The apoptosis rates were measured through flow cytometry. Results: The recombinant plasmids named COX-2-BAX and CMV-Luc were constructed successfully. The expression efficiency of reporter gene was 1554 ? 86. 5 in SKOV3 and 53. 7 ? 10.9 in SW480 after 24 hours transfected with phPES2, 9851. 7 ? 129. 5 in SKOV3 and 8831. 0 ? 167. 3 in SW480 after 24 hours transfected with CMV-Luc in the same way. The apoptosis rate was 10.4% in SKOV3 and 3.7% in SW480 after transfected with COX-2-BAX, 21.7%in SKOV3 and 25. 6% in SW480 after 36 hours transfected with pcDNA3-BAX in the same way. Conclusions: COX-2 promoter can drive its downstream genes specifically in COX-2-positive ovarian cancer cell lines, but its expression efficiency wasmarkedly lower than CMV promoters. With proper modification, COX-2 promoter is expected to be useful in gene therapy of ovarian cancers.

AIM:To retrospectively analyze the lipid metabolism disturbance and subacute inflammation within the microenvironment of follicular fluid between Chinese polycystic ovarian syndrome ( PCOS ) patients and the controls . METHODS:Serum lipid indexes , steroid hormone levels , and inflammatory cell counts were analyzed .The inflammatory cytokine and apolipoprotein levels were detected in the serum and follicular fluid .The mRNA expression of apolipoproteins and cytokines in the granulose cells was determined by real-time PCR.RESULTS: PCOS patients showed typical obesity accompanied with hyperlipidemia and hyperandrogenemia .Significantly elevated inflammatory cell number and cytokine lev-els were detected in both serum and follicular fluid .The mRNA expression levels of the inflammatory cytokines and apoli-poproteins in the granulose cells from the PCOS patients were higher than those from the controls .CONCLUSION:Elevat-ed apolipoproteins reflect systematic hyperlipidemia in the follicular fluid .Serum lipids and cytokines penetrate follicle-ser-um barrier and get into follicle fluid .Meanwhile , increased intake of apolipoproteins or elevated synthesis of cytokines ( IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α) by granulose cells could also be crucial to stabilize microenvironment of follicular fluid .Oocyte and subsequent embryos are sensitive to the originaal follicular environment .The lipid metabolism disturbance , inflammatory cell infiltration and hyperandrogenemia may possibly disturb oocyte developmental potential .

Objective To study the effect of community health education on lactation mastitis and breast feeding.Method Ninety parturients were given community health education for 6 months and then the rates of mastitis and breast feeding were recorded.Results The mastitis morbidity was 3.3%and the rate of breast feeding was 97.8%.Conclusion The implementation of the community health education can reduce the morbidity of maternal mastitis and raise the rate of breast feeding.

Objective Our purpose in this study is to investigate genes involved in the development of diabetes-induced embryonic malformations. Methods Two groups of 70-90 day old Sprague-Dawley rats were employed in our study: group 1 was normal control rats receiving a normal diet (n=3); group 2 consisted of experimentally-induced diabetic rats by intravenous injection of 65mg/kg of streptozotocin(STZ) on pregnancy day 6 with an attempt to reproduce malformations in embryos (n=3). Embryos were examined on day 12 under light microscopy to look for morphological defect of the neural tube (NTD). Yolk sac cells were harvested from each group and RNA was isolated. Genes expression profiles in yolk sac cells were analyzed using a DNA microarray technique. Results Gene expression patterns were compared in a total of 1200 genes between experimentally-induced diabetic rats and normal control rats, and 79 of genes were found to express differently between the two groups. Forty-two of genes were up-regulated in yolk sac cells of diabetic rats, such as apoptosis related genes BAX, bcl-2, heat shock 70kD protein and glucose-transporter 3; 37 of genes were down-regulated, such as phospholipase A2, insulin-like growth factor II receptor. Conclusion Understanding of differently expressed genes should help us disclose the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the developmental process during diabetes-associated embryonic morphogenesis, and it also might provide a useful tool in rapid diagnosis and prevention of malformation in early gestation stage of diabetic subjects.

Micro RNA (miRNA)were small RNAs encoded by the non-coding RNA genes,which functioned through degrada-tion of mRNA or inhibition of mRNA translation.The miRNA was involved in numerous biological processes,including cell proliferation,apoptosis,development and differentiation.And ectopic expression of miRNA could result in diseases,such as neoplastic hematologic disorder and solid tumor.miR-1 06b-25 cluster contained miR-1 06b,miR-93 and miR-25.These miR-NAs were correlated with the development of tumor.Therefore, we reviewed recent articles on the relationship of miR-1 06b-25 cluster with tumor.

Objective To clarify which component plays a pivotal role in metabolic syndrome (MS) which is associated with an elevated risk for cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Methods A total of 15564 participants (aged≥25 years old) with high risk for type 2 diabetes in the 1994 National Diabetes Mellitus Surveywere included in this analysis. MS was diagnosed according to the 1999 WHO criteria, and insulin resistance (IR) was defined as being above the 75th percentile of HOMA-IR of the population aged 25-74 years with normal glucose tolerance. Multiple logistic stepwise regression analysis was used to identify the contribution of each component to MS. Results The unadjusted and age-adjusted prevalences of MS in this population was 64.35% and 59.00%, respectively. Age, sex, systolic blood pressure(SBP), diastolic blood pressure(DBP), waist to hip ratio (WHR)/waist circumference and body mass index(BMI), but not IR, plasma glucose level, and plasma triglyceride level, were independently associated with MS, with predicted concordance of 93.8%. The combination of WHR, BMI, SBP, and DBP accounted for 90.2% of the variance of MS, and if BMI was deleted, the remaining three items accounted for 86.1% of the variance. An increment of 0.05 in WHR, or 5 cm in waist circumference, or 10 mm Hg in SBP, or 5 mm Hg in DBP, or 5 kg/m 2in BMI would elevate the risk for MS by 3.35 times, 1.87 times, 1.52 times, 1.46 times, or 1.34 times, respectively. Conclusion The combination of WHR/waist circumference and blood pressure can be used as a simplepredictor for MS in clinical practice.

Objective: To study the relation between hyperglycemia and mechanical ventilatory time, the days in the intensive care unit,infection rate,mortality . Methods: 572 patients' blood glucose levels in the morning were measured,and divided into two groups by the level of 7.78 mmol/L.The mechanical ventilatory time, days in the intensive care unit,infection rate and mortality were compared between two groups. Results: The mechanical time,stay in ICU and infection rate in the group with blood glucose level below 7.78 mmol/L were significantly less than in the group with blood glucose level above 7.78 mmol/L(P