Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of ultrasonic elastic strain rate and conventional ultrasound for thyroid nodules,and to guide the clinical treatment.Methods 72 cases,a total of 86 nodules,were treated with ultrasound examination for thyroid nodules and operation were given conventional and ultrasonic elastic strain rate echocardiography before operation, after operation they had a pathological examination for tubercle.The accuracy,specificity and sensitivity of ultrasonic elastic strain rate combined with ultrasound to check the benign and malignant thyroid nodules were analyzed.Results The accuracy of ultrasonic elastic strain rate combined with con-ventional ultrasound was 93.41%,which was significantly higher than 73.67%of the conventional ultrasound (χ2 =12.0,P<0.05) .Conclusion Ultrasound elasticity strain rate combined with conventional ultrasound can effectively differentiate benign and malignant thyroid nodules and improve the accuracy of diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules, which is conducive to the treatment and prognosis.

AIM: To study factors influencing mannitol to induce blood brain barrier (BBB) opening. METHODS: By constant flow pump, mannitol with different concentration (20% and 25%) was infused into left internal carotid artery of adult Wistar rats via their left external carotid artery at different speed and time. Firstly, after mannitol with a concentration of 25% was transfused, the optimal open time of BBB was investigated using Evans blue as an indicator by injection at different time (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 min). Then influences of concentration of mannitol, speed of infusion, and change of time on mannitol to induce BBB opening were studied. Finally, death rate was counted according to sex and body weight in order to observe the influence of sex and body weight on tolerance of rats. RESULTS: The open degree of BBB was optimal after 2 min when 3.6 ml mannitol with a concentration of 25% was infused in 30 s at a speed of 0.12 ml?s -1 . However, mannitol with a concentration of 20 % did not almost have any effect on opening of BBB. Slowing of infusion speed or shortening of infusion time of mannitol reduced opening degree of BBB. Body weight affected rat tolerance to mannitol, and the tolerance of the rat was higher in those with higher weight. CONCLUSION: The factors influencing mannitol to induce BBB opening are as follows: concentration, infusion speed, and keeping time of mannitol. And the tolerance to mannitol is not concerned with the sex of the rats, but the body weight of the rats.

Although osteoporosis is often considered asilent disease,it is highly prevalent.It will definately affect the health of elderly people and bring heavy burden to the society.Studies of osteoporosis will also draw great attention in the field of geriatrics.The diagnosis,treatment,and monitoring of osteoporosis have not yet been standardized.Multidisciplinary medical staff should work together along with the cooperation of the patients.

0.05);The expression of Survivin in hilar cholangiocarcinoma was closely statistically related with the expressions of PTEN and nm23.Conclusion:The expression of Survivin in hilar cholangiocarcinoma is significantly higher than that in tissues near carcinoma,suggesting its correlation with tumor;Survivin plays an important role in the oncogenesis and metastasis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma;Survivin is statistically related with PTEN and nm23 and detected together may helpful for diagnosis and prognosis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

OBJECTIVE:To promote safe,effective,economical and proper medication.METHODS:Prescriptions in the outpatient and emergency departments of our hospital in2003were randomly selected;the irrational prescriptions were ana?lyzed with regard to drug descriptions,pharmacological knowledge and literatures.RESULTS:The irrational one amounted to4.92%of the total selected prescriptions;antibiotics drug abuses amounted to84.12%of the irrational ones.The irrational drug use problems were mainly seen in administration scheme,repeated dosage,menstruum,administration,drug combina?tion,compatibility and combined toxicity.CONCLUSIONS:Clinical pharmacist plays an important role in promoting rational drug use by checking prescriptions.

Objective To research the current stress status and job stressors of the nurses,and explore the measures of relieving stress.Methods Investigation was carried out in 199 nurses of Qilu hospital by using interviewing and surveying method basing on the literature research.Results 74.4％ nurses work under high even very high stress.Benefit,promotion,workload and time allocation were the first three stressors.Ages,professional titles,education degree,departments were influential factors of stress.49.7％ of the nurses were under high job burnout.Conclusions The nurses are under high work stress and job burnout.There should be measures from environmental level,organizational level,individual level to relieve and manage the stress.

This study is to investigate the role of endogenous CSE/H2S in regulating apoptosis of HepG2 cells. MTT and Trypan blue assay were performed to determine the effect of CSE inhibitor PAG and CSE siRNA on proliferation of HepG2. Production of H2S from HepG2 cells was assessed spectrophotometrically using N, N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine-dihydrochloride. Cells apoptosis was detected by means of double staining of Hoechst 33342 and PI with Array Scan V(TI)HCS600 High-Contents. Dihydroethidine (DHE) and 2', 7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay was used to determine intracellular superoxide anion and ROS level. Reduced glutathione (GSH) was determined by OxiSelect Total Glutathione Assay Kit. Recombinant plasmid pcDNA 3.1/myc-His(-)-CSE was constructed and transfected into 293T cells to rescue the ROS and GSH level to further investigate the effect of CSE/H2S on ROS and GSH. Western blotting was performed to test the effect of CSE siRNA on expression of activated caspase 3 and p-AKT and Nrf2 protein. The results showed that PAG and CSE siRNA could significantly decrease the production of H2S in HepG2 cells and inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 cells at a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner, respectively. PAG and CSE siRNA could promote the cell apoptosis of HepG2 cells. Moreover, PAG and CSE siRNA induced increased ROS generation and depletion of the critical antioxidant GSH and recombinant plasmid pcDNA 3.1/myc-His(-)-CSE rescued the level of ROS and GSH. Meanwhile, CSE siRNA increased the expression of activated caspase 3, but CSE siRNA did not affect the expression of p-AKT and Nrf2. These results suggested that the CSE/H2S pathway was involved in suppression of HepG2 cell growth and promoted apoptosis of HepG2 cells in an oxidative stress-dependent manner.

Background Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally inherited disorder characterized by a bilateral acute or subacute painless central visual loss in young adults,predominately in males.So far no one theory can completely explain all clinical manifestations of LHON.Objective This study was to investigate whether there is a linkage between X-chromosomal and mitochondrial mutation in the inheritance of a Chinese LHON pedigree with only male patients.Methods This study was approved by Ethic Committee of Affiliated First Hospital of Zhengzhou University and followed by Declaration of Helsinki.A Chinese LHON pedigree was included in Anyang city from January 2008 to August 2016.Periphery blood of 5-10 ml was collected from 4 sufferers,13 maternal members and 10 non-maternal members for DNA extraction and PCR sequencing.The gene scanning and genotyping analysis were performed by ABI-PRISM 3100 genetic analyzer and Genotyper 3.7 software,and linkage analysis was carried out with Linkage software for the calculation of logarithm of odds (LOD).Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence,fluorescence-based Genescan for X-chromosomal sequence were analyzed in the propositus and haplotype was evaluated.Results A total of 5 generations and 71 families were included in the pedigree,with 6 male sufferers,30 maternal members and 41 non-maternal members.The visual acuity was ≤0.10,and the central visual field defection,the optic nerve flushing was found in the acute phase,different levels of the optic nerve fibers atrophy were found in the chronic phase;visual evoked potential (VEP) amplitude was low and peak latency were found in the male patients,and no any ocular abnormality was seen in the maternal members,meeting a maternally inherited characteristics,with the penetranee of 20％.The three primnary mutations were not been found in this family bv PCR sequencing,mtDNA sequencing appeared 31 variation of loci in the proband,including a known G3635A mutation,as well as an unknown ND5 A12340G missense mutation and ND4 T11809C synonymous mutation as well as 28 polymorphism of locus,and the proband was mitochondrial haplotype F1.The maternal families were mutation carriers of G3635A and AI2340G loci,while the same mutation was not found in the normal family members and 107 controls.The maximum two point parametric LOD score was 1.46(θ=0.0) for marker DXS1060,1oeated at Xp22.3,and the two-point and multipoint non-parametric linkage analysis were significant (all at P＞0.05).Conclusions The ND5 A12340G and ND1 G3635A mutations coexist in this LHON family,and the ND5 A12340G mutation is a newly reported mutation.There is no evidence for an X-linked modifiers loci in this Chinese LHON family.

Objective To investigate the elationship between the expression of Cathepsin D and Laminin receptors with the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancers.Methods Cathepsin D and Laminin receptors immunoreactivities were evaluated in 96 patients with gastric cancer using streptavaclin pemxidase method.Results Over expression of Cathepsin D in gastric cancer tissue was significantly related with the depth of invasion,lymphnode metastasis and grade of differentiation (P<0.01,P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively).Moreover,the high expression of Lamninin receptors in gastric cancer had significant correlations with the invasion depth and grade of differentiation(P<0.05 and P<0.01);The positive expression of Laminin receptors were not significantly related with lymph node metastasis(P>0.05).By statistics analysis Cathepsin D had a significant positive correlation with Laminin receptors (P<0.05). Conclusion Cathepsin D and Laminin Receptors play all important role in the invasion and metastasis of gastric Cancers.