OBJECTIVE To discuss the risk factors of surgical site infection and to provide the basis for the infection control.METHODS Strengthening the organization management and training emphasizing the measures such as the skin disinfection of the medical care personnel hands and the patients before operation,carrying out the asepsis operation correctly,cleaning the disinfection surgery instrument strictly and enhancely the management of perioperative patients were carried out.RESULTS Of the 74 investigated hospitals,16% were unqualified in preparing or over-preparing skin and the disinfection method;20% were without antibacterial bathes before operation and 64% were inproper time of in skin preparing.CONCLUSIONS Well monitoring of surgical site is the important means to prevent the surgical-site infections,and enhancing management of perioperative patients is the key to control infection.

Objective To investigate the changes and clinical significance of the plasma cytokines and endothelium function in patients with chronic pulmonary heart failure disease at high altitude area.Methods Plasma levels of tumor necrosisfactor-alpha(TNF-?),interleukin-6(IL-6),endothelin-1(ET-1) were measured in 278 chronic pulmonary heart patients with various degrees of heart failure and in 48 healthy controls.Left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),Right ventricular ejection fraction(RVEF) and Pulmonary(PASP) were examined with echocardiography.Results Plasma levels of TNF-?,IL-6,ET-1 were elevated in patients of functional classes Ⅱto Ⅳ as compared with age-matched control subjects and were progressively elvated with the decreasing functional status of the patients.The levels of TNF-?,IL-6,ET-1 respectively were positively correlated with PASP but negtively correlated with LVEF and RVEF(P

Objective To improve the corrected results of the nasal deformities of the hare lip nose. Methods Based on the reposition of the lower lateral cartilages and the caudal septum, the authors corrected the secondary hare lip nose with the L shaped silicon rubber graft to reinforce and model the nasal tip.Results From 1996～2000, the procedure was performed for 20 cases (15 male, 5 female ), aged from 16～21 years. Follow up was from 3 months to 4 years. All cases obtained satisfactory results. Conclusions The results of utilizing L shaped silicon rubber graft combined with reposition of the mislocated nasal cartilages are better than the latter method only, especialy for the nasal tip. The procedure is easy to learn .The material silicon rubber graft is cheap and can be trimmed very conveniently. And it can also correct the saddle nose at the same time.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To establish a perforated whole-cell patch-clamp technique withβ-escin to record L-type cal-cium current (ICa,L) in osteoblasts.METHODS:ROS 17/2.8 is a rat osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cell line.β-escin was applied to the pipette solution to permeabilize the cell membrane and the perforated patch recording mode was obtained. RESULTS:β-escin at concentration of 50μmol/L easily permeabilized the cell membrane and obtained a perforated patch recording mode in 2~7 min.This technique prevented ICa,L rundown and preserved cytoplasmic signaling pathways.CON-CLUSION:β-escin may be used as an alternative ionophore for perforated patch-clamp studies in osteoblasts and results in minimal rundown that could facilitate recordings of ICa,L in osteoblasts.

Objective To discuss the role of platelet-actived factors and hepatic and renal function in the development of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia by detecting the levels of the GP Ⅱb/Ⅲa in the blood, Pt and hepatic and renal function of the patients with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Method GP Ⅱb/Ⅲa, Pt and hepatic and renal function were measured in the normal non-pregnancy women, normal late-pregnancy women and pre-eclampsia and eclampsia women. Results The level of GP Ⅱb/Ⅲa in patients with severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia was higher than that in non-pregnancy, normal late-pregnancy and mild pre-eclampsia (P<0.01). The count of Pt in patients with severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia was lower than that in non-pregnancy, normal late-pregnancy and mild pre-eclampsia (P<0.01). Except ALB, the hepatic and renal function had significant difference among severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, normal late-pregnancy and mild pre-eclampsia. Conclusion Detecting the GP Ⅱb/Ⅲa, Pt and hepatic and renal function have clinical significance in severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia.

Objective To find the source of CA 125 in serum and the values of the expression of CA125 in serum, ascites and tissue in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. Methods Detected the expression of CA125 in the primary lesions of epithelial ovarian cancer and the metastasis in abdominopelvic cavity (peritoneal and omental metastatic lesions) by S-P immunohistochemical methods. Compared the expression of CA 125 in tuberculose focus and acute inflammation focus in abdominopelvic cavity and detected CA125 in serum and ascites by ELISA. Results The levels of CA125 in serum of the patients with epithelial ovarian cancer [(523.66±158.02)kU/L],benign epithelial ovarian tumor [(138.11±26.52)kU/L] and tuberculosis of abdominopelvie cavity [(486.56±147.10)kU/L] were higher than that with the normal ovary [(17.48±3.37)kU/L], and there were significant differences (P<0.05).The levels of CA125 in serum of the patients with epithelial ovarian cancer and tuberculosis of abdominopelvic cavity were significantly higher than that with benign epithelial ovarian tumor, and there were significant differenees (P<0.01). The levels of CA125 in ascites of the patients with epithelial ovarian cancer [(996.85±337.87)kU/L] and tuberculosis of abdominopelvic cavity [(596.78±197.10)kU/L] were higher than that with benign epithelial ovarian tumor [(179.48±63.08)kU/L] and normal ovary [(177.70±51.72)kU/L], and there were significant differences (P<0.01).The level of CA125 in ascites of the patients with epithelial ovarian cancer was higher than that with tuberculosis of abdominopelvic cavity, and there was significant difference (P<0.01). By correlation analysis, the relationship of the level of CA 125 in serum and in ascites of the patients with epithelial ovarian cancer was positive correlation(r=0.687). Conclusion Besides the original and metastatie lesions (greater omenta and peritoneum) of epithelial ovarian cancer can express CA 125, the second Maller canal, for example the peritoneum mesothelial cell can be stimulated to express CA125 by ascites, which results in the increase of CA125 in serum.

Objective To investigate the effect of PNS on malignant melanoma and the expression of connexin32 in melanoma. Methods The spontaneous and experimental lung metastasis models of B16 melanoma were used to investigate the inhibitory effect of PNS on tumor growth and metastasis. The expression of connexin in melanoma were detected by immunohistoehemistry. Results (1) PNS can obviously inhibit the growth of B16 melanoma. The inhibition rate of the 480mg/kg PNS group was 50. 85%. (2) PNS can obviously inhibit the lung metastasis of B16 melanoma. The number of tumor colonies in lung of the 240 mg/kg PNS group and 480 mg/kg PNS group were lower than that in the negative control group. ( 3 ) The expression of connexin32 in melanoma was detected by immunohistochemistry:PNS could up-regulate the expression of connexin32 in membrane of melanoma. Conclusion PNS can inhibit malignant melanoma growth and metastasis and could also up-regulate the expression of connexin32 in membrane of melanoma.

Sterols are one of the active classes of compounds in Inonotus obliquus for their effective therapy of many diseases. In field environment, this fungus accumulates large amount of sterols. In cultured mycelia, however, this class of compounds is less accumulated. For analyzing the factors responsible for differing sterol composition, the field-grown and cultured mycelia were extracted with 80% ethanol at room temperature and total sterols were prepared using silicon gel column chromatography followed by identification using either GC-MS or spectroscopic methods. For culturing Inonotus obliquus, the seed culture was grown either in basic medium consisting of glucose (2%), yeast extract (0.5%), KH2PO4 (0.01%), MgSO4·7H2O (0.05%) and distilled water at pH 6.5, or the basic medium supplemented with serial concentrations of AgNO3. The results indicated that field-grown mycelia contained lanosterol and inotodiol (comprised 45.47% and 25.36% of the total sterols, respectively) and other 10 sterols (comprising the remaining 30.17%) including ergosterol biosynthetic intermediates such as 24-methylene dihydrolanosterol, 4,4-dimethylfecosterol, 4-methyl fecosterol, fecosterol and episterol. Column chromatography also led to the isolation of lanosterol, Inotodiol, trametenolic acid, foscoparianol B and a new triterpenoid foscoparianol D in field-grown mycelia. In comparison, the cultured mycelia only contained three sterols with ergosterol as the predominant one (82.20%). Lanosterol only accounted for 3.68%. Supplementing Ag+ into the culture at 0.28 μmol·L-1 greatly enhanced content of lanosterol (accounting for 56.81%) and decreased the content of ergosterol (18.5%) together with the presence of intermediates for ergosterol biosynthesis. These results suggested that the sterol composition in mycelia of the fungus can be diversified by supplementing substances inhibiting enzymatic process towards the synthesis of ergosterol. Harsh growth conditions in field environment (I.e. temperature variation, UV irradiation etc.) can delay the synthesis of ergosterol and hereby diversify the sterol composition in the mycelia of Inonotus obliquus.

AIM: To explore the effect of ovariectomization on Alzheimer-like phosphorylation of Tau in hippocampus of Sorague-Dawlery rats. METHODS: An animal model was developed using ovariectimized (OVX) rats, and the phosphorylation of Tau protein was measured by Western blot. RESULTS: The levels of phosphorylated Tau at PHF-1epitope were elevated in ovariectimized rat brain hippocampus 4 weeks and 8 weeks after ovariectomization, when compared with sham-OVX rats (P0.05). CONCLUSION: Ovariectomization may induce Alzheimer-like hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein in brain hippocampus of rats. [

Objectvies:To investigate the role of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in the pathogenesis of endometriosis(EMs). Methods:A total of 70 specimens of endometriosis and 30 specimens of the normal controls were evaluated by immunohistologically techique with polyclonal antibody against VEGF. Results:The expression levels of VEGF in endometriotic tissues was higher than that in the normal endometrium( P