Vasovagal syncope (VVS) although is a benign disease,repeated syncope attacks can reduce quality of life in patients,in some cases,can also lead to serious body injures.Therefore,it is required and necessary to the treatment of patients with VVS.The treatment of VVS includes health education,drug treatment and non-drug treatment.

OBJECTIVE:To study the pharmacological actions of compound Yinshen granules(CYSG) on cerebral ischemia injuries in rats METHODS:Using an established middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)model devised by Tamura,we observed infarction areas of the brain and behaviour grade of cerebral apoplexy,and calculated brain water content and brain index RESULTS:CYSG(10 0g/kg,5 0g/kg in rats)significantly reduced infarction areas,ameliorated neurological symptoms,decreased brain water content and brain index after MCAO in rats CONCLUSION:CYSG can protect ischemia cerebral injuries in rats

Objective:To study the clinical characteristics of children with paragonimus pericarditis.Methods:The diagnosis and treatment effect of 43 children with paragonimus pericarditis were retrospectively analysed.Results:There was diversity in the clicinal manifestations.Thirty-four cases were treated with praziquantel,pericardiocentesis,open pericardial drainage and so on.In 30 cases that were followed up,26 cases were cured and 4 cases developed pericardial constriction.Four cases with constrictive pericarditis were cured after pericardiectomy.Conclusion:The children with paragonimus pericarditis could be diagnosed early by careful asking of the case history of eating crabs,routine examination of the numbers of the acidophile in blood and pericardial effusion and paragonimus antigen intracutaneous test.It is possible to develop pericardial constriction after clinical cure in those cases that have had a long course of disease before treatment.

Chemotherapy has been the cornerstone of cancer treatment for decades. However, albeit remarkable, the response to chemotherapy is generally short-lived. With deepened understanding of cancer immunology, resurgence was recently witnessed in the field of cancer immunotherapy. Unlike chemotherapy, immunotherapy induces a relatively mild but stable response. Accumulating evi-dence reveals that apart from chemotherapy's direct cytotoxic activity, chemotherapy exerts immune-potentiating effects by increas-ing the immunogenicity of tumor cells or by disrupting the tumor-induced immunosuppression and altering the immune microenviron-ment. The latter mechanism serves as the basis for the combined use of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. In this review, we exam-ine the rationale for combinatorial therapy in accordance with the current understanding on tumor immunity and newly discovered im-mune-based chemotherapeutic mechanisms. We further discuss the available preclinical and clinical studies on the combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy for cancer treatment. We aim to provide a framework for further research.

The importance of software version in the medical device software supervision does not cause enough attention at present. First of all, the effect of software version in the medical device software supervision is discussed, and then the necessity of software version in the medical device software supervision is analyzed based on the discussion of the misunderstanding of software version. Finally the concrete suggestions on software version naming rules, software version supervision for the software in medical devices, and software version supervision scheme are proposed.
Equipment and Supplies ; Software

Today’s medical imaging has developed from a single observation of organisms’ anatomy and the change of morphology under the physiological and pathological conditions to the study of biology function and activity mechanism. Furthermore, it has entered into the molecular imaging. Through the analysis of 25 academic monograph and the experiences of convening three national editorial committees, the author successfully analyzes. Before writing, the author should carry out the market research and the writings should be deigned for a readership. The writing team must be equipped with academic quality as well as humanistic quality. And the comprehensive quality of the premier author is of great importance. He needs to call together all the members of the committee to have an all-round and deep communication, do the job as unifying the drafts, advertise sales and revise.

Objective To compare the effects of the two kinds of crystalloid solutions on glycometabolism in type 2 diabetic patients during the operation for the sclestion of the most suitable crystalloid solution. Methods In the forty scheduled gastrointestinal operation patients,there were twenty (D-group) type 2 diabetic patients and the others (N-group) were non-diabetic patients. Each of the two groups were randomly divided into two groups according to infusing different crystalloid solutions: lactated Ringer’s solution (L group), Plasma Lyte A (A group).So the patients were divided into D-L group,D-A group,N-Lgroup,N-A group.The blood glucose concentration,the blood lactate concentration and artery blood gas analysis before operation (T0) and at the end of operation(T1)were measured . Results The blood glucose concentrations had significant increase at the end of operations,and the blood glucose concentrations of D group were higher than that of N group at T0 and T1.The lactate concentrations before operation were normal in all the patients, but the lactate concentrations were over the normal limits after infusing lactated Ringer’s solution and remained normal after infusing Plasma Lyte A.The lactate concentrations had significant increase in the other three groups except N-A group. Conclusion Plasma Lyte A is the more safe and efficient crystalloid solution for diabetic patients during the operation.

Objective: To study characteristics of children's EEG complexity at different ages and in different physiological states.Methods: The continuous 24 hour EEG recordings were obtained from 16 electrodes in 45 essential healthy children between the ages of 0 to 15 years. EEG complexity was analyzed by non linear measure in 7 states: awake with eyes opened, awake with eyes closed, NREM (nonrapid eye movements) sleep including stages ⅠandⅡ (light sleep), ⅢandⅣ(deep sleep) and REM (rapid eye movements) sleep. Meanwhile, the correlation was analyzed between complexity and ages.Results: (1)The global EEG complexity in state of being awake with eyes opened was greater than that with eyes closed;that in wakefulness state was greater than in sleep state. The EEG complexity gradually decreased with the increase of deep sleep in NREM sleep state.The complexity in REM sleep state was greater than that in deep sleep state, but lower than in wakefulness state. (2) The global EEG complexity was positively related to ages in state of being awake with eyes opened, state of being awake with eyes closed, light sleep, and not related to ages in deep-sleep state and REM sleep state.(3)In every brain area EEG complexity was positively related to ages in state of being awake with eyes closed .In paracentral region EEG complexity was positively related to ages in states of being awake with eyes opened and light sleep.Conclusion: The EEG complexity was used to study the brain dynamical characteristics in different physiology states and the relationship between encephalic electric activity and brain development. It can be used as an objective index to evaluate the function and development of brain.

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of tracheo-oesophageal vioce prostheses after total laryngectomy.Methods Between 1995 and 1999,18 male patients ,Aged from 42 to 68,average 54.6,used Blom-singer voice prostheses after total laryngectomy.10 cases were glottic style,8 cases were subglottic style.12 patients received stage I,6 patients received stage Ⅱ voice reconstruction surgery. Results All cases were followed-up from 3 to 5 years. The success rate was 77.8%(14/18). The time with prostheses ranged from 8 to 19 months(average 12months). All failures were stage Ⅱ surgey .Conclusion Stage I voice reconstruction surgery can be performed in all total laryngectomy patients. But the indications of stage Ⅱ voice reconstruction surgery should be controlled strictly. More attention should be paid to the training of voice rehabilitation after total laryngectomy. The tracheo-oesophageal voice prostheses is an effective method to improve the life quality of the patients.

OBJECTIVE:To promote safe,effective,economical and proper medication.METHODS:Prescriptions in the outpatient and emergency departments of our hospital in2003were randomly selected;the irrational prescriptions were ana?lyzed with regard to drug descriptions,pharmacological knowledge and literatures.RESULTS:The irrational one amounted to4.92%of the total selected prescriptions;antibiotics drug abuses amounted to84.12%of the irrational ones.The irrational drug use problems were mainly seen in administration scheme,repeated dosage,menstruum,administration,drug combina?tion,compatibility and combined toxicity.CONCLUSIONS:Clinical pharmacist plays an important role in promoting rational drug use by checking prescriptions.