Influenza A(H1N1)virus is a re-mixed strains of human influenza virus genes,avian influenza virus gene and swine influenza virus gene.Influenza A(H1N1)pandemic influenza has spread around the world,which has drawn worldwide attention.In order to early discovery,early diagnosis,early treatment and effective prevention of Influenza A(H1N1),we describe the characteristics of linfluenza A(H1N1)virus,epidemiology,pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,laboratory examination and effective treatment and preventive measures.

Objective To investigate the pathological changes of brain tissues from contused and contralateral non-contused sides and their significance.Methods A total of 100 healthy adult Wistar rats were assigned to brain contusion group and sham operation group according to the random number table.Ten rats in each group were sacrificed at 1,3,6,12,and 24 hours respectively.Brain samples were collected to perform pathophysiological analysis of brain tissues and test blood brain barrier (BBB)permeability by semiquantitative immunohistochemical staining of IgG.Results There was no damage to the bilateral brain tissues in sham operation group and IgG stain was negative.In brain contusion group,angioedema characterized by the breakdown of BBB was seen in the contused side at 1 hour followed by cellular edema at 3 hours,with aggravation of both over time.Moreover,tissue necrosis,inflammatory cell infiltration,and microglia proliferation emerged at 12 hours.Besides,IgG-positive staining was seen at 1 hour,was strongest at 6 hours,and remained a high level at 24 hours.With respect to the non-injured side in brain contusion group,no pathological abnormalities and negatively stained IgG were observed at 1 hour; cellular edema and weakly positive-stained IgG were found at 3 hours; aggravated cellular edema,emergence of angioedema,and IgG strongly positive staining were noted at 6 hours;cellular edema continued aggravation,but angioedema tended to be attenuated,IgG staining weakened,and microglia proliferation were observed at 12-24 hours.Conclusion Pathological changes of brain tissues from the contused and contralateral non-contused sides are differed,which provides a basis in determining treatment choices.

The limited-Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) treatment most preferred combined modality treatment,there are some scholars believe that nonbulky stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ of good prognosis HL patients,ABVD chemotherapy alone is acceptable,radiation therapy alone for stage Ⅰ or limited stage Ⅱ nodular lymphocytepredominant HL patients.Individual treatment by easing speed adjustment treatment in the future may make patients more benefit.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare zolmitriptan-diclofenac microemulsion,and conduct quality evaluation and in vitro trans-dermal study. METHODS:Using solubility and microemulsion area in pseudo-ternary phase diagram as indexes,the types of oil phase and mixed emulsifier ratio of zolmitriptan-diclofenac microemulsion were screened;the microemulsion quality was inspected using particle size,Zeta potential,appearance and stability. HPLC was used to measure the contents of zolmitriptan and diclofenac. Transdermal diffusion test instrument was used,2 g microemulsion was smeared in cuticle of extracouporeal rats'skin,and cumula-tive transdermal rate in 24 h was determined. RESULTS:The microemulsion formulation was as follow as 10% oil phase(octanoic acid triglyceride),25% mixture emulgator [polysorbate 80-brij 97 (1:1)],8.3% propylene glycol and 25 mg zolmitriptan,1.25 mg diclofenac,and water adding to 100 mL. The average particle size of prepared microemulsion was(28.2±2.5)nm,Zeta poten-tial was(-3.25±0.33)mV,the appearance was rounding;the microemulsion showed no stratification or flocculation at room tem-perature after placed for 1 month. Contents of zolmitriptan and diclofenac were 0.248 mg/mL,12.46 mg/mL(n=3);24 h cumula-tive transdermal rates were 80%,75%. CONCLUSIONS:Zolmitriptan-diclofenac microemulsion is prepared,and its in vitro trans-dermal ability is good.

Objective This study was designed to investigate the correlation between the apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)value and pathological change of the non-injured side brain tissue of traumatic brain injury(TBI)of rat.Methods Sixty healthy adult Wist-ar rats were randomly divided into two groups:the control or TBI groups.The TBI group was divided into five sub-groups according to the different time intervals:1,3,6,12,24 h(n = 10).The animal brain of each group was scanned with MR-DWI,and the ADC value of damaged areas and contralateral non-damaged areas were measured.After that the brains were taken out at different time points after TBI.The cerebral edema and blood-brain barrier(BBB)changes in structure were examined with an optical micros-copy and transmission electron microscopy,and the IgG content in the same tissues were determined by means of immunohistochem-istry.The data was analyzed with SPSS 13.0 statistical software.Results There was no signal abnormality on MR-DWI and tissue structure in control group,and the IgG stain was negative.In the contralateral non-damaged areas of TBI group,pathological obser-vation revealed no variation at 1 h after TBI,and the IgG stain was also negative.Cellular edema was shown at 3 h and the IgG stain was slight positive.The cellular edema aggravated with time and angioedema appeared at 6 h.IgG stain was shown significantly posi-tive.At 12~24 h,cellular edema kept increasing more severe,however angioedema had a trend to mitigated along with time,IgG stain became slight and the proliferation of glial cells could observed.Compared with control group,the ADC values of the contralat-eral non-damaged areas in each group showed no significant difference (P >0.05).However,in the damaged areas of each group, angioedema appeared at 1 h and gradually aggravated,cellular edema occurred at 3 h,Both of them were aggravated with time. ADC values increased at 1 h,and then decreased until 6 h,then followed a climbing up to 24 h,showed as a “V”-shaped.Con-clusion When contused on one side brain,the contralateral non-inj ured side tissue also has pathological changes that occurs later than those on the inj ured side.Cellular edema of the tissues ap-peares first and is followed by angioedema,which lessens over time..There is no significant difference of ADC values between con-tralateral side of TBI groups and control group(P >0.05),which reveals a “pseudo-normal”phenomenon.

Objective To study the relationship between X-ray features and pathologic infiltration of early gastric cancer.Methods 19 cases of early gastric cancer were analyzed, which were proved by pneumobarium double-contrast examination, operation and pathology. Results There were 9 cases of mucosa cancer and 10 cases of submucosa cancer in 19 patients of early gastric cancer certified by operation. The main X-ray features of mucosa cancer were: a lessened flexibility of local wall, indistinct outline, small trivialities became small nodes and small ditches became indistinct, they looked like pomegranate seeds. The main X-ray features of submucosa cancer were: the local wall was stiff, the density was high, there were small filling defects and small irregular niches, the rugae in the zone involved by the tumour became stiff, large even disappear, small trivialities and small ditches were destroyed. The X-ray findings of early gastric cancer had functional changes, abnormal contraction, more liquid in stomach.Conclusion Pneumobarium double-contrast examination is a voluable method for the diagnosis of early gastric cancer.

Objective To explore the changes of renal blood flow and renal injury in neonates with birth asphyxia. Methods Seventy-one patients were tested for Ultrasonic Doppler renal blood flow and renal function. Results The blood perfusion resistance was increased and the blood flow perfusion was decreased, Even in light asphyxia. Conclusion The hemodynamic disturbance is the main reason for renal injury and dysfunction in infants with birth asphyxia, and detecting hemodynamic disturbance and urinary enzyme may be an early diagnostic method to evaluate the renal injury.

Objective To study the clinical manifestation of preeclampsia complicated with placental abrup-tion and its treatment measures.Methods 160 patients with placenta abruption were selected,and the patients with preeclampsia complicated with placental abruption were selected as the study group(70 cases),and the patients with non preeclampsia complicated with placental abruption were selected as the control group(90 cases).The clinical manifestations,infant outcome and treatment measures of the two groups were compared.Results When the disease attack of the study group often accompanied with vaginal bleeding,but few had symptoms of abdominal pain,the main symptoms of the control group was vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain.The occurrence rate of abdominal pain of the two groups had statistically significant difference(4.3%vs 92.2%,χ2 =11.032,P<0.05);The placental abruption of the study group wasⅡdegree andⅢdegree(81.4%)while the control group wasⅠdegree(62.2%),with signif-icant difference between the two groups(χ2 =10.973,P<0.05);The incidence of fetal distress of the two groups had no statistical significant difference(95.7% vs 93.3%,P>0.05);The incidence of neonatal asphyxia of the two groups had no significant difference(56.6%vs 55.6%,P>0.05);The perinatal mortality of the two groups had sta-tistically significant difference(31.7%vs 11.1%,P<0.05);1 case of patient′s cervix was fully opened in the study group when at 28 weeks gestational,and been given the vaginal delivery,all others were given operation to terminate the pregnancy,3 cases in the control group used the vaginal delivery,there was no significant differences between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The clinical manifestation of preeclampsia was not typical,with a greater harm to the fetus and perinatal infant,operation to termination of pregnancy is the main method for treatment of preeclamp-sia complicated with placenta abruption.

In recent years,PET-CT plays an important role in Hodgkin' s lymphoma (HL).It has emerged as the most accurate tool for staging,treatment monitoring,and response evaluation in HL.PET-CT has high sensitivity and specificity.It provides an opportunity to monitor the quality of response during treatment,permits separation of node from involved regions,and adds prognostic information.PET-CT has become integral to modern lymphoma management,but as a relatively new imaging technique it is still being studied and neither its full potential nor major limitations have been fully understood.The recent observations from clinical trials and clinical experiences with PET-CT in the 54th ASH annual meeting are discussed to explore its advantages and limitations.

Objective To explore the effect of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate(PDTC) on the expression of E-selectin and the activities of enzymes in oxidative stress in the pancreas of rats with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Methods Rat model of ASP was build by intraperitoneal injection of L-arginine(totally 5 g/kg,twice in an interval of 1 h).Thirty-six SD rats were assigned to 6 groups randomly and equally,that is,normal control,SAP,PDTC pretreatment group 1(1 mg/kg) and 2(100 mg/kg),and PDTC treatment group 1(1 mg/kg) and 2(100 mg/kg).PDTC pretreatment was preformed by subcutaneous injection of PDTC 1 h before first injection of L-arginine.For the animals in treatment groups,PDTC was given 3 h after first injection.Normal control was given intraperitoneal injection of normal saline.In 24 h after the first injection of L-arginine,the activity of myeloperoxidase(MPO),lipid peroxide(LPO) and nitric oxide synthase(NOS) were detected.Expressions of E-selectin was detected through inmmunohistochemical method,and activity of NF-?B-DNA binding were detected by electrophoretic mobility shift assay(EMSA).Results In SAP groups and PDTC pretreatment and treatment groups,the expression of E-selectin,activities of NF-?B,MPO,LPO,and inducible NOS(iNOS) were higher,but the activity of constitutive NOS(cNOS) was lower than those in the normal control(P0.05).Conclusion PDTC of 1 mg/kg can alleviate the inflammation in SAP by blocking the translocation of NF-?B,however,the 100 mg/kg PDTC shows little protection in this process.