Objective This study was designed to investigate the correlation between the apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)value and pathological change of the non-injured side brain tissue of traumatic brain injury(TBI)of rat.Methods Sixty healthy adult Wist-ar rats were randomly divided into two groups:the control or TBI groups.The TBI group was divided into five sub-groups according to the different time intervals:1,3,6,12,24 h(n = 10).The animal brain of each group was scanned with MR-DWI,and the ADC value of damaged areas and contralateral non-damaged areas were measured.After that the brains were taken out at different time points after TBI.The cerebral edema and blood-brain barrier(BBB)changes in structure were examined with an optical micros-copy and transmission electron microscopy,and the IgG content in the same tissues were determined by means of immunohistochem-istry.The data was analyzed with SPSS 13.0 statistical software.Results There was no signal abnormality on MR-DWI and tissue structure in control group,and the IgG stain was negative.In the contralateral non-damaged areas of TBI group,pathological obser-vation revealed no variation at 1 h after TBI,and the IgG stain was also negative.Cellular edema was shown at 3 h and the IgG stain was slight positive.The cellular edema aggravated with time and angioedema appeared at 6 h.IgG stain was shown significantly posi-tive.At 12~24 h,cellular edema kept increasing more severe,however angioedema had a trend to mitigated along with time,IgG stain became slight and the proliferation of glial cells could observed.Compared with control group,the ADC values of the contralat-eral non-damaged areas in each group showed no significant difference (P >0.05).However,in the damaged areas of each group, angioedema appeared at 1 h and gradually aggravated,cellular edema occurred at 3 h,Both of them were aggravated with time. ADC values increased at 1 h,and then decreased until 6 h,then followed a climbing up to 24 h,showed as a “V”-shaped.Con-clusion When contused on one side brain,the contralateral non-inj ured side tissue also has pathological changes that occurs later than those on the inj ured side.Cellular edema of the tissues ap-peares first and is followed by angioedema,which lessens over time..There is no significant difference of ADC values between con-tralateral side of TBI groups and control group(P >0.05),which reveals a “pseudo-normal”phenomenon.

Objective To investigate the pathological changes of brain tissues from contused and contralateral non-contused sides and their significance.Methods A total of 100 healthy adult Wistar rats were assigned to brain contusion group and sham operation group according to the random number table.Ten rats in each group were sacrificed at 1,3,6,12,and 24 hours respectively.Brain samples were collected to perform pathophysiological analysis of brain tissues and test blood brain barrier (BBB)permeability by semiquantitative immunohistochemical staining of IgG.Results There was no damage to the bilateral brain tissues in sham operation group and IgG stain was negative.In brain contusion group,angioedema characterized by the breakdown of BBB was seen in the contused side at 1 hour followed by cellular edema at 3 hours,with aggravation of both over time.Moreover,tissue necrosis,inflammatory cell infiltration,and microglia proliferation emerged at 12 hours.Besides,IgG-positive staining was seen at 1 hour,was strongest at 6 hours,and remained a high level at 24 hours.With respect to the non-injured side in brain contusion group,no pathological abnormalities and negatively stained IgG were observed at 1 hour; cellular edema and weakly positive-stained IgG were found at 3 hours; aggravated cellular edema,emergence of angioedema,and IgG strongly positive staining were noted at 6 hours;cellular edema continued aggravation,but angioedema tended to be attenuated,IgG staining weakened,and microglia proliferation were observed at 12-24 hours.Conclusion Pathological changes of brain tissues from the contused and contralateral non-contused sides are differed,which provides a basis in determining treatment choices.

Objective To determine whether focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signal pathway was involved in migration of hepatocarcinoma cells by inhibiting focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation in HepG2 cells with focal adhesion related nonkinase (FRNK). Methods The recombinant of FRNK and pEGFP-C2, an endogenous inhibitor of FAK activation,was transfected into HepG2 cells. HepG2 migration was examined by transmembrane assay. FAK and phosphatinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) phosphorylation were detected by immunoprecipitation method. Confocal scanning microscopy was used to verify nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-?B). Results The transfection of FRNK recombinant plasmid could inhibit HepG2 migration, FAK and PI3-K phosphorylation decreased by 50.2 percent and 39.5 percent respectively. Furthermore, NF-?B translocation was down-regulated from 3.495?0.227 to 1.182?0.106. Conclusion These results suggested FAK was a main signal pathway in mediating HepG2 migration. Over expression of FRNK might inhibit signal transduction of FAK via depression of the phosphorylation of PI3-K and NF-?b activation, resulting in the decrease in migration of hepatocarcinoma cell.

The paper gives an account of the four systems that are currently used for evaluating hospital quality in America, viz. America's Best Hospitals, Solucient 100 Top Hospitals, International Quality Indicator Project, and the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. The "America's Best Hospitals" methodology takes into account three factors, infrastructure, process and outcome. Hospitals are first ranked in specialties, then the index of hospital quality is calculated by means of weighted indexes, and after that the best hospitals are selected according to the specialty rankings and the number of the hospitals. The "Solucient 100 Top Hospitals" methodology selects 100 top hospitals among hospitals of the same size on the basis of hospital quality and safety indexes. The evaluation indexes include eight items, such as index of risk-adjusted mortality rates, index of complications, and disease severity-adjusted average length of hospital stay. The methodologies of "International Quality Indicator Project" and "the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations" are used in many countries to evaluate clinical efficiency and enjoy high reputation in monitoring and promoting medical quality.

Objective To discuss the medical treatment responsibility caused by unpredictable harm.Method In medical treatment,the court usually applies the "Equitable Responsibility" principle to settle the medical conflicts caused by unpredictable harm,this poses certain limitations.Result The fact that hospitals being liable for compensation or reparation ignores the mutual risk-sharing responsibility of hospitals and patients.Conclusion To establish the system of medical accident insurance is one of the best measure to solve the medical conflicts caused by unpredictable harm.

Finite element analysis can be used to study the change of the structure and the interior field intensity of human and animal body organs and tissues with simulation experiment. We in our research used finite element analysis software to analyze and solve the spinal cord surface potential problems, and investigated the transmission features of signals generated by interneurons in spinal nerves which were related with body motion control and sensory processing. A three dimensional model of electrical source in rat spinal cord was built, and the influence on potential distribution on spinal cord surface caused by position changes of electrical source in transverse direction and dorsoventral direction were analyzed and calculated. We obtained the potential distribution curves of spinal cord surface and found that the potential distribution on spinal cord surface showed monotone. In addition, potentials of some registration points were smaller than that of registration points around.
Action Potentials ; Animals ; Computer Simulation ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Interneurons ; physiology ; Models, Anatomic ; Rats ; Spinal Cord ; physiology

Objective To investigate the expressions and significance of cyclinD1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods The published studies were searched in the Cochrane Library,Embase,PubMed,CNKI,VIP,Wanfang and CBM databas-es,the quality of the included studies was assessed.Revman5.0.1 software was adopted to test for heterogeneity of the selected re-search literature and analyze the correlation of cyclinD1 and OSCC by calculating OR and 95%CI .Results A total of 31 case-con-trol studies were included in the study,the case group (OSCC group)was 1 604 cases and the control group was 864 cases (inclu-ding normal oral mucosa tissue 452 cases and precancerous lesions 412 cases).The Meta analysis of results showed that the expres-sion of CyclinD1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher than normal tissue[OR (95%CI )at 11.92 (6.71 -21.18)].CyclinD1 was related to differentiated degree,lymph node metastasis and clinical stage of OSCC positively(P <0.05),but was not related to age and gender (P >0.05).Conclusion According to the current relevant research,the over expression of cy-clinD1 is closely related to occurrence and development of OSCC,which might be valuable for the early diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of OSCC.

Objective To explore the nursing effect evaluation of vacuum sealing drainage based latissimus dorsi bridge free skin flap to repair refractory wound. Methods Thirty-seven cases of patients with intractable wounds were chosen as the observe group from January 2009 to January 2012, and 26 cases accepting the traditional way of wound care with intractable wounds were selected as control group from January 2006 to December 2008. Control group adopt conventional methods wound and the observation group accepted VSD accessories line wound negative pressure closed drainage before the wound phase 2 latissimus dorsi bridge free skin flap repairment. After treatment, the dressing time, interval and dressing change, the time of hospitalization were observed, and the nursing effect were compared after skin flap to repair for 8 days and 16 days between patients of two groups. Results The dressing time and hospitalization days in observation group after treatment were significantly less than that in control group ( <0.05), the number of dressing have significantly shortened compared with control group ( <0.01), and the dressing change interval in control group had significantly difference ( <0.01) . The effect of 2 patients in control group after skin flap to repair was poorer, but the observation group did not appear significant necrosis. Compared the good rate of two groups, the observation group patients was significantly higher than control group ( <0.01) . The therapy good rate of observation group was significantly better than that of control group (<0.01) . Conclusion The negative pressure closed drainage based ascending latissimus dorsi bridge free skin flap repairment has contributed to cure the refractory wound recovery significantly.

Objective To explore the role of human urinary trypsin inhibitor(UTI) in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods UTI was highly purified from the urine of patients with acute pancreatitis by column chromatography. SAP models were established by injection of 5% sodium taurocholate(NaTc) at dose of 0.1 ml/100 g weight under pancreatic capsule. The interleukin 6(IL 6) level in each group was measured by ELISA. Results ① The highly purified UTI with high yield was harvested. ② SAP models were established successfully. ③ The level of IL 6 in SAP group was significantly higher than that in NC, but in UTI group, the increase was not obvious. Conclusion The alleviating effect of UTI on the pathological damage degree in rats with SAP is related to the inhibitive effect of UTI on the expression of IL 6.

Objective To establish a cell level-based negative enrichmen technique to detect circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the peripheral blood of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.Methods The colon cancer SKOV-3 cells were mixed with 2 ml whole blood from healthy donors at different ratio.Quantification of CTCs was performed using immunomagnetic bead based negative enrichment combined with immunofluorescence antibody method.The method was evaluated the recovery rate of target cells,Samples of 32 patients with ovarian cancer and 10 controls were assayed for CTCs detection by above method.Results ①The recovery rate was ranging from 64％ ～80％ by spiking varying numbers of SKOV-3 into 2 ml blood samples of healthy volunteers.Regression analysis of number of recovered SKOV-3 cells yielded a regression equation of Y=0.782X-1.408 and a coefficient of determination of R2 =0.998.②Did not detect CK8/18-+ circulating tumor cells in 10 controls,and CK8/18+ circulating tumor cells in 18 cases of 32 Patients with ovarian cancer.The positive rate of CK 8/18 + circulating tumor cells was significantly differences between the two groups (x2 =7.681,P＜0.01).③The presence ofCTCs was significantly correlated with distant metastasis (x2 =5.776,P＜0.05).Conclusion The method of immunomagnetic bead based negative enrichment combined with immunofluorescence antibody technique for CTCs detection in peripheral blood of patients with ovarian cancer has a clinical value of application and extension.