Objective To discuss clinical significance on early diagnosis of brain injury in premature infants with multiple sequence joint inspection of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Methods The brain MRI findings of 160 premature infants treated by Neonatal Intensive Care Unit were analyzed retrospectively.Results In 160 premature infants,brain injury occurred in 76 cases,the incidence of brain injury was 47.5％.Ischemic lesions were seen more in brain injury in premature infants,cerebral white matter injury was the most common,especially periventricular leukomalacia.Ischemic brain injury performed patchy or large sheet increased signal intensity on T1-weighted images(T1 WI),decreased signal intensity on T2-weighted images (T2WI) and obviously increased signal intensity on diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in half egg circle center and around the lateral ventricle.Periventricular leukomalacia performed patchy decreased signal intensity on T1WI,increased signal intensity on T2WI and decreased signal intensity on DWI.Periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage was seen more in hemorrhagic lesions.Hemorrhage stove was performed different signal because of different bleeding time.MRI performance in acute phase was iso-signal or slightly decreased signal intensity on T1WI,increased signal intensity on T2WI,increased signal intensity on T1WI,slightly decreased signal intensity on T2WI in early subacute,increased signal intensity on T1 WI and T2WI in late subacute and obviously decreased signal intensity on magnetic sensitive weighted imaging.The detection rate of ischemic lesions by DWI was higher than the conventional MRI,and DWI could show cerebral white matter damage of premature infants much earlier than the conventional MRI.The detection rate of hemorrhage stove by susceptibility weighted imagingc (SWI) was higher than the conventional MRI (x2 =23.78,P ＜ 0.05),and SWI could show hemorrhagic lesions much earlier than conventional MRI (x2 =27.02,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions MRI,especially combined multiple sequence checking,could provide accurate imaging evidence for the early diagnosis of brain injury in premature infants.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and the risk factors of dyslipidemia in residents aged 40 to 80 years in Guiyang. Methods A total of 10 022 adults (2 694 men and 7 328 women) aged 40 and over were selected from Yunyan community in Guiyang urban area for this population based cross-sectional study. Data were obtained by questionnaire survey, physical examination, fasting blood glucose, and lipid measurements. The association between influential factors and dyslipidemia was analyzed by logistic regression analysis. Results The standardized prevalence of dyslipidemia in residents aged 40 years and over in Guiyang was 46. 9%, with low high-densitylipoproteincholesterol(HDL-C)29.0%,hypertriglyceridemia19.3%,hightotalcholesterol(TC)9.3%, andhighlow-densitylipoproteincholesterol(LDL-C)4.3%. Logisticregressionanalysisindicatedthatage,gender, smoking, and alcohol abuse were the risk factors of high TC and high LDL-C. Abdominal obesity was a main risk factor for both hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-C. Conclusion The prevalence of dyslipidemia of middle-aged and aged residents in urban districts of Guiyang was on the national average level. Hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-C were the most common types. Age and abdominal obesity were important risk factors of dyslipidemia.

Objective To study magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) features of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor(DNT) and to improve accurate diagnosis of DNT.Methods The MRI appearance and clinical features of 10 patients with DNT confirmed by surgery and pathology were analyzed retrospectively.Results In 10 cases,9 tumors located in supratentorial hemisphere cortex,3 tumors located in the temporal lobe,5 in the frontal lobe,1 in the parietal lobe,and 2 of them encroached the adjacent white matter.In 9 tumors located in supratentorial hemisphere cortex,8 cases had decreased signal intensity on T1-weighted MR images,1 case iso-decreased mixed signal intensity on T1-weighted MR images,and 9 cases increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images,9 cases slightly increased signal intensity on fluid attenuated inversion recovery weighted images.The manifestation of tumors was cystic or cystic partially oriented and was seen separate section intratumoral in some cases.Three cases appeared as hyperintense ring sign and internal septation,2 cases appeared as a triangle in shape,3 cases appeared as gyms-like shape,and 1 case as round shape,similar to cyst.Nine tumors had no significant mass effect and peritumoral edema.Enhanced MR imaging showed only 1 case with slight and heterogeneous enhancement,the rest 6 cases showed non enhancement.One case located in cerebellar hemisphere,and appeared cystic-solid mass,the solid part had decreased signal intensity on T1-weighted MR images,and increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images,the cystic part had decreased signal intensity on T1-weighted MR images,and increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images.On enhanced MR imaging,the wall-node obviously contrast enhancement,cyst wall slightly contrast enhancement,cystic part non enhancement.The tumor had peritumoral edema and mass effect.Ten cases had no hemorrhage and calcification.Conclusion The MRI appearance of DNT is characteristic and is helpful for the preoperative diagnosis of DNT.

Objective To study the sex hormone levels and erectile dysfunction(ED)in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)and to investigate the relationship between them.To assess the efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP)in the treatment of ED with OSAHS.Methods The 46 OSAHS patients(OSAHS group)and 30 healthy voluntrers(control group)were recruited in the study.The states of ED were evaluated by 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function(IIEF-5)and the levels of serum sex hormone were tested by chemiluminescence immune assay in both group.Erectile function were reassessed and the levels of FSH,LH,T were retested in 22 ED with OSAHS patients after 3 months of CPAP treatment.Results Compared to the control group,the levels of serum FSH[(9.65?1.08)U/L vs(10.90?1.12)U/L],LH[(9.97?0.98)U/L vs(11.98?1.52)U/L]and T[(8.96?0.89)nmol/L vs(10.67?1.01)nmol/L]were significantly decreased in patients with OSAHS(all P

Objective To study the serum levels of proinsulin(PI),insulin(INS),proamylin(PA) and amylin(AMY) in abnormal glucose metabolism individuals and to explore the relationship between PI and insulin resistance(IR) and between PA and islet beta cell function.Methods Totally 79 subjects who received Oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) and insulin release test in our department from March to May 2008 were divided into 4 groups according to the results of OGTT,that is,normal group,impaired glucose regulation(IGR) group,T2DM 1[fasting blood-glucose(FBG)15 mmol/L) group.All subjects underwent examination of anthropometry and serum bio-chemical indicators,HOMA-IR and HOMA-B were calculated.Results No significant difference was found in the serum levels of PI or AMY among the 4 groups,but the level of PA,PI/INS and PA/AMY among the 4 groups did have significant differences(P

Objective To investigate the feasibility of congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV)infection screening by saliva polymerase chain reaction.Methods From November 1,2010 to February 29,2012,6733 newborns born in Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital were enrolled.Saliva samples (0.2 ml) were collected within 3 days after birth,CMV-DNA was detected by real time-polymerase chain reaction and hearing screening was done with EroScan transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions at the same time.The positive rate of congenital CMV infection screening was calculated and clinical manifestations were analyzed.Chi square test was applied to statistical analysis.Results Totally 6733 newborns were screened and 107 of them were found to be positive with CMV DNA,the positive rate was 1.59％ (107/6733),among which 88 were asymptomatic (82.2％) and 19 were symptomatic (17.8 ％).The major clinical manifestations of the neonates with positive CMVDNA were pathological jaundice (13 cases),hepatomegaly (5 cases),granulocytopenia,thrombocytopenic purpura,anemia and small for gestational age (two cases each).Fourteen newborns had only one major clinical manifestation,three newborns had two major clinical manifestations and two newborns had three major clinical manifestations.There was no statistical difference between newborns with positive and negative CMV DNA on hearing screening [hearing loss in one ear:8.4％ (9/107) vs 5.8％ (382/6626); hearing loss in two ears:3.7 ％ (4/107) vs 2.4 ％ (159/6626),x2 =2.776,P=0.241].Conclusion It is feasible to screen congenital CMV infection with saliva sample.

Objeetive To evaluate the diagnostic value of axially loaded MR imaging with supine position in patients with degenerative disorders of lumbar spine.Methods Thirty asymptomatic volunteers and 89 patients were examined in psoas-relaxed position(PRP)and axially compressed supine position(ACE)of the lumbar spine.Sixty-one patients with low back pain,19 with sciatica and 9 with neurogenic claudication were included in the symptomatic study group.The disc levels from L3 to S1 were examined.Results In 30 asymptomatie volunteers,a significant decrease in dural sac cross-sectional area(DSCA)was found at 14 disc levels(15.6%)in 10 individuals(33.3%)during ACE(>15 mm2).In 89 patients.a significant decrease in DSCA was found at 55 disc levels(20.6%)in 38 patients(42.7%)during ACE(>15 mm2),and the mean decrease was 28 mm2.During ACE,32 disc levels with an increasing severity of disc herniation were noted in 26 patients.16 disc levels with neural foramen stenosis were found in 12 patients,11 disc levels with ligamentum flavum thickening were observed in 10 patients,3 cases facet dislocation and 3 cases lumbar spondylolisthesis were also seen.In 22 of the 89 patients(24.7%).additional valuable information(AVI)was found during ACE,including 7 patients(7/9)with neurogenic claudication,8 patients(8/19)with sciatica,and 11.5%(7/61)of the patients with low back pain.Conclusion As compared with conventional imaging methods,axially loaded imaging provides AVI,and more occult lesions can be found during ACE.ACE MRI is a valuable tool in diagnosing degenerative disorders of lumbar spine.

To cultivate high quality nursing personnel,it is necessary to put significant emphasis on humanistic education.The combination of physiology teaching and humanistic education for nursing students was discussed in this article.In teaching practice,professional knowledge and humanistic quality of nursing students could be improved through various ways,including enhancing humanistic quality of teachers,establishing people oriented teaching philosophy,introducing history of science,carring out research-based learning projects.

Objective To study the changes of serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (ha-CRP) and depression in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS),and investigate the relationship between them.Methods Thirty healthy volunteers (control group) and 54 OSAHS patients (OSAHS group) were recruited for the study.The level of serum hs-CRP was determined by scatter rate nephelometry,and the state of depression was assessed by self-rating depression scale (SDS).Results The level of serum hs-CRP and SDS score were higher in OSAHS group than those in control group [(48.8 ± 12.7) scores vs.(36.3 ± 6.3) scores,(3.3 ±0.7) mg/L vs.(1.4 ± 0.4) mg/L](P＜0.01).SDS score and the level of serum hs-CRPwere positively correlated to apnea-hypopnea index(AHI) (r = 0.636,0.628 ;P<0.01) and negatively related to the MSaO2 (r =-0.509,-0.614;P <0.01) and LSaO2 (r =-0.607,-0.512;P <0.01).The level of serum hs-CRP was positive correlation to SDS score (r = 0.536,P<0.01).SDS score was related to the AHI,the level of serum hs-CRP and LSaO2 in multiple linear regression(F= 33.31,P = 0.002).Conclusion Depression is correlated to AHI and the level of serum hs-CRP in patients with OSAHS.

Objective To evaluate the effect and safety of tiotropium plus sustained-release theophylline in treating stable moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) . Methods A randomized clinical trail was conducted in 80 patients with stable moderate COPD, who were admitted to our hospital from March 2008 to December 2009. All patients were divided into two groups randomly and accepted tiotropium (groupⅠ ,n =40) or tiotropium plus sustained-release theophylline (group Ⅱ ,n =40) treatment for 12 weeks. Results Seventy patients completed the study,in which 36 cases had tiotropium alone and 34 cases had combination therapy. At the end of treatment, no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in the comparisons of FEV1, FEV1%, FVC, FEV1/FVC, activity score and impacts score of the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) (Ps > 0. 05). While the symptoms score (53.08 ± 12.25 vs.59.39±9.74,t=2.39,P<0.05) and total score (23. 91 ±2. 57 vs. 25. 27 ±2.14, t =2.40, P <0.05) of SGRQ were significantly lower in group Ⅱ compared to group Ⅰ. Six adverse events,including dry mouth (n =4), palpitation (re = 1) , constipation (n = 1), were observed in tiotropium alone group during the treatment period. Eleven adverse events were observed in combination treatment group, including dry mouth (re = 3) ,stomach discomfort or nausea (n = 3), diarrhea (re = 2) , palpitation (n = 2), constipation (n = 1) . The incidences of adverse reactions of two groups had no significant difference (P > 0. 05). Conclusion Compared with the single application of tiotropium, tiotropium plus sustained-release theophylline therapy can alleviate symptoms and improve life quality in patients with stable moderate COPD,without significantly increasing adverse reactions.